Author: Alison Reynolds
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN: 0749493178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 233
Book Description
For decades, we have looked to management theorists, organizational psychologists and economists to tell us how we can squeeze the most out of people at work. The result? People are uninspired, feel like cogs in a machine and prefer to leave traditional work structures behind. Numbers and productivity can only get you so far. What Philosophy Can Teach You About Being a Better Leader offers a different route that will allow you to reconnect with the humanist values of work. By turning to philosophy, and what it teaches us about finding fulfilment and living a good life, this book uncovers the ways you can re-engage your workforce by valuing its members as people, rather than just tools within the process. The four authors argue that the rise of the 'omnipotent leader', who focuses on telling rather than leading, risks creating a new generation of feudal CEOs and needs to be resisted. With the help of Aristotle, Socrates, Kant and Nietzsche, as well as a whole host of other brilliant minds, they turn traditional management practices on their head, showing how moving away from traditional, hierarchical, risk focused control structures can lead to improved employee engagement, increased productivity and better outcomes for the entire business.
What Philosophy Can Teach You About Being a Better Leader
Author: Alison Reynolds
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN: 0749493178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 233
Book Description
For decades, we have looked to management theorists, organizational psychologists and economists to tell us how we can squeeze the most out of people at work. The result? People are uninspired, feel like cogs in a machine and prefer to leave traditional work structures behind. Numbers and productivity can only get you so far. What Philosophy Can Teach You About Being a Better Leader offers a different route that will allow you to reconnect with the humanist values of work. By turning to philosophy, and what it teaches us about finding fulfilment and living a good life, this book uncovers the ways you can re-engage your workforce by valuing its members as people, rather than just tools within the process. The four authors argue that the rise of the 'omnipotent leader', who focuses on telling rather than leading, risks creating a new generation of feudal CEOs and needs to be resisted. With the help of Aristotle, Socrates, Kant and Nietzsche, as well as a whole host of other brilliant minds, they turn traditional management practices on their head, showing how moving away from traditional, hierarchical, risk focused control structures can lead to improved employee engagement, increased productivity and better outcomes for the entire business.
Publisher: Kogan Page Publishers
ISBN: 0749493178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 233
Book Description
For decades, we have looked to management theorists, organizational psychologists and economists to tell us how we can squeeze the most out of people at work. The result? People are uninspired, feel like cogs in a machine and prefer to leave traditional work structures behind. Numbers and productivity can only get you so far. What Philosophy Can Teach You About Being a Better Leader offers a different route that will allow you to reconnect with the humanist values of work. By turning to philosophy, and what it teaches us about finding fulfilment and living a good life, this book uncovers the ways you can re-engage your workforce by valuing its members as people, rather than just tools within the process. The four authors argue that the rise of the 'omnipotent leader', who focuses on telling rather than leading, risks creating a new generation of feudal CEOs and needs to be resisted. With the help of Aristotle, Socrates, Kant and Nietzsche, as well as a whole host of other brilliant minds, they turn traditional management practices on their head, showing how moving away from traditional, hierarchical, risk focused control structures can lead to improved employee engagement, increased productivity and better outcomes for the entire business.
Philosophy and Leadership
Author: Brent Edwin Cusher
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000417360
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
Today, managers, politicians, educators, and healthcare providers are highly skilled technicians who navigate modern systems. However, followers seek more than know-how; they desire moral leadership. Even leaders equipped with skills must make difficult ethical choices. This book connects philosophy to leadership by examining three representative texts from the history of philosophy: Plato’s Republic, Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, and Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince. The leadership ideas contained in each one of these philosopher’s works were not only pioneering for their age but continue to be relevant today because they provide insight into the enduring questions of leadership. The book demonstrates the timeliness of the classical works by applying these philosophical approaches to historical and contemporary cases. This book is ideal for readers who are acquainted with philosophy and those who are uninitiated. The connections made between philosophy, leadership literature, and real-life leaders enable readers to appreciate how deeper reflection into the themes of leadership might merit scholarly attention and bear witness to the close union between the philosophy of leadership and the real world.
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000417360
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
Today, managers, politicians, educators, and healthcare providers are highly skilled technicians who navigate modern systems. However, followers seek more than know-how; they desire moral leadership. Even leaders equipped with skills must make difficult ethical choices. This book connects philosophy to leadership by examining three representative texts from the history of philosophy: Plato’s Republic, Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, and Niccolò Machiavelli’s The Prince. The leadership ideas contained in each one of these philosopher’s works were not only pioneering for their age but continue to be relevant today because they provide insight into the enduring questions of leadership. The book demonstrates the timeliness of the classical works by applying these philosophical approaches to historical and contemporary cases. This book is ideal for readers who are acquainted with philosophy and those who are uninitiated. The connections made between philosophy, leadership literature, and real-life leaders enable readers to appreciate how deeper reflection into the themes of leadership might merit scholarly attention and bear witness to the close union between the philosophy of leadership and the real world.
Leadership, New and Revised
Author: Peter Koestenbaum
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0787959561
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 396
Book Description
It has been more than a decade since the first edition of Peter Koestenbaum's landmark book Leadership: The Inner Side of Greatness was published. Since that time world events have caused a dramatic shift in how we think about our lives and our work. Now we grapple with the fundamental questions. How can we live a courageous life and manage anxiety? Is it possible to reach greater heights of ethics and responsibility? Peter Koestenbaum, the preeminent business philosopher, has been a trusted mentor to business leaders worldwide. In this thoroughly revised edition of his classic book he shares his wisdom about the fundamental nature of leadership and shows what it takes to become an exceptional and passionate leader in today's complex world. At the very heart of the book is his Leadership Diamond model— a paradigm that challenges managers to transform their thinking and approach everything with fresh effectiveness in order to reap richer results and become great leaders. Throughout the book, Koestenbaum encourages managers to give meaning to their lives through the quality of their work. He offers an insightful look at the characteristics great leaders have in common— vision, reality, ethics, and courage— and identifies the strategies all managers can use to achieve and sustain both personal and organizational greatness. This new edition expands on Kosetenbaum's leadership theories and is filled with updated examples-such as an analysis of the Enron scandal-that reflect the challenges of today's business environment. The book also includes a wealth of new intervention tools, techniques, and strategies, and an expanded section contains reflections on moral and cultural issues that emphasize the importance of authenticity in leadership. More than ever, Leadership: The Inner Side of Greatness is the book managers need to learn what they must be to become truly effective leaders.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0787959561
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 396
Book Description
It has been more than a decade since the first edition of Peter Koestenbaum's landmark book Leadership: The Inner Side of Greatness was published. Since that time world events have caused a dramatic shift in how we think about our lives and our work. Now we grapple with the fundamental questions. How can we live a courageous life and manage anxiety? Is it possible to reach greater heights of ethics and responsibility? Peter Koestenbaum, the preeminent business philosopher, has been a trusted mentor to business leaders worldwide. In this thoroughly revised edition of his classic book he shares his wisdom about the fundamental nature of leadership and shows what it takes to become an exceptional and passionate leader in today's complex world. At the very heart of the book is his Leadership Diamond model— a paradigm that challenges managers to transform their thinking and approach everything with fresh effectiveness in order to reap richer results and become great leaders. Throughout the book, Koestenbaum encourages managers to give meaning to their lives through the quality of their work. He offers an insightful look at the characteristics great leaders have in common— vision, reality, ethics, and courage— and identifies the strategies all managers can use to achieve and sustain both personal and organizational greatness. This new edition expands on Kosetenbaum's leadership theories and is filled with updated examples-such as an analysis of the Enron scandal-that reflect the challenges of today's business environment. The book also includes a wealth of new intervention tools, techniques, and strategies, and an expanded section contains reflections on moral and cultural issues that emphasize the importance of authenticity in leadership. More than ever, Leadership: The Inner Side of Greatness is the book managers need to learn what they must be to become truly effective leaders.
Leadership Philosophy in the Fiction of C.S. Lewis
Author: Aaron Perry
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030415082
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
This book aims to develop a philosophy of leadership from the fiction of C.S. Lewis. Using such works as The Chronicles of Narnia, The Cosmic Trilogy, and Till We Have Faces, the author focuses on the benefits of fiction for leadership philosophy, including the use of models for leadership from narrative worlds. Exploring topics such as agency theory, conflict, authentic leadership, and dark leadership, this book will offer researchers in HRM and leadership studies a fresh perspective of the fictional works of the foremost Christian apologist of the 20th century.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030415082
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 171
Book Description
This book aims to develop a philosophy of leadership from the fiction of C.S. Lewis. Using such works as The Chronicles of Narnia, The Cosmic Trilogy, and Till We Have Faces, the author focuses on the benefits of fiction for leadership philosophy, including the use of models for leadership from narrative worlds. Exploring topics such as agency theory, conflict, authentic leadership, and dark leadership, this book will offer researchers in HRM and leadership studies a fresh perspective of the fictional works of the foremost Christian apologist of the 20th century.
Philosophy for Business Leaders
Author: Mahmoud Rasmi
Publisher: Mahmoud Rasmi
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Expertise has almost become synonymous with certainty, knowledge, and definitive answers. We live in a world where everyone is expected to know what they’re talking about, make the right decisions, and be effective in their pursuits. A direct consequence of this is the discouragement of asking questions, sometimes leading to an increasing sense of impostor syndrome, while at other times, resulting in a lack of self-awareness and an acute sense of alienation at work and in life. But is there another way, one that perhaps values curiosity, belief questioning, and uncertainty? This book suggests that a philosophical mindset may offer a possible remedy to this problem. It does so by exploring the importance of asking questions, questioning our assumptions, embracing and navigating uncertainty and adversity, and finding meaning in them, as well as exploring ethical decision-making frameworks. Whether you’re a business leader or a professional, this book invites you to look at the problems you’re facing at work and in your life from a fresh perspective, using basic philosophical tools, stories, and real-life examples.
Publisher: Mahmoud Rasmi
ISBN:
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Expertise has almost become synonymous with certainty, knowledge, and definitive answers. We live in a world where everyone is expected to know what they’re talking about, make the right decisions, and be effective in their pursuits. A direct consequence of this is the discouragement of asking questions, sometimes leading to an increasing sense of impostor syndrome, while at other times, resulting in a lack of self-awareness and an acute sense of alienation at work and in life. But is there another way, one that perhaps values curiosity, belief questioning, and uncertainty? This book suggests that a philosophical mindset may offer a possible remedy to this problem. It does so by exploring the importance of asking questions, questioning our assumptions, embracing and navigating uncertainty and adversity, and finding meaning in them, as well as exploring ethical decision-making frameworks. Whether you’re a business leader or a professional, this book invites you to look at the problems you’re facing at work and in your life from a fresh perspective, using basic philosophical tools, stories, and real-life examples.
The Heart of Business
Author: Hubert Joly
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 1647820391
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
A Wall Street Journal Bestseller Named a Financial Times top title How to unleash "human magic" and achieve improbable results. Hubert Joly, former CEO of Best Buy and orchestrator of the retailer's spectacular turnaround, unveils his personal playbook for achieving extraordinary outcomes by putting people and purpose at the heart of business. Back in 2012, "Everyone thought we were going to die," says Joly. Eight years later, Best Buy was transformed as Joly and his team rebuilt the company into one of the nation's favorite employers, vastly increased customer satisfaction, and dramatically grew Best Buy's stock price. Joly and his team also succeeded in making Best Buy a leader in sustainability and innovation. In The Heart of Business, Joly shares the philosophy behind the resurgence of Best Buy: pursue a noble purpose, put people at the center of the business, create an environment where every employee can blossom, and treat profit as an outcome, not the goal. This approach is easy to understand, but putting it into practice is not so easy. It requires radically rethinking how we view work, how we define companies, how we motivate, and how we lead. In this book Joly shares memorable stories, lessons, and practical advice, all drawn from his own personal transformation from a hard-charging McKinsey consultant to a leader who believes in human magic. The Heart of Business is a timely guide for leaders ready to abandon old paradigms and lead with purpose and humanity. It shows how we can reinvent capitalism so that it contributes to a sustainable future.
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 1647820391
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Book Description
A Wall Street Journal Bestseller Named a Financial Times top title How to unleash "human magic" and achieve improbable results. Hubert Joly, former CEO of Best Buy and orchestrator of the retailer's spectacular turnaround, unveils his personal playbook for achieving extraordinary outcomes by putting people and purpose at the heart of business. Back in 2012, "Everyone thought we were going to die," says Joly. Eight years later, Best Buy was transformed as Joly and his team rebuilt the company into one of the nation's favorite employers, vastly increased customer satisfaction, and dramatically grew Best Buy's stock price. Joly and his team also succeeded in making Best Buy a leader in sustainability and innovation. In The Heart of Business, Joly shares the philosophy behind the resurgence of Best Buy: pursue a noble purpose, put people at the center of the business, create an environment where every employee can blossom, and treat profit as an outcome, not the goal. This approach is easy to understand, but putting it into practice is not so easy. It requires radically rethinking how we view work, how we define companies, how we motivate, and how we lead. In this book Joly shares memorable stories, lessons, and practical advice, all drawn from his own personal transformation from a hard-charging McKinsey consultant to a leader who believes in human magic. The Heart of Business is a timely guide for leaders ready to abandon old paradigms and lead with purpose and humanity. It shows how we can reinvent capitalism so that it contributes to a sustainable future.
Helping People Win at Work
Author: Ken Blanchard
Publisher: FT Press
ISBN: 0135094038
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Ken Blanchard’s Leading at a Higher Level techniques are inspiring thousands of leaders to build high-performing organizations that make life better for everyone. Now, in Helping People Win at Work, Blanchard and WD-40 Company leader Garry Ridge reveal how WD-40 has used Blanchard’s techniques of Partnering for Performance with every employee--achieving levels of engagement and commitment that have fortified the bottom line. Ridge introduces WD-40 Company’s year-round performance review system, explaining its goals, features, and the cultural changes it requires. Next, he shares his leadership point of view: what he expects of people, what they can expect of him, and where his beliefs about leadership and motivation come from. Finally, Blanchard explains why WD-40 Company’s Partnering for Performance system works so well--and how to leverage its high-value techniques in your organization. In this book, you’ll learn how to: · Stop building failure into your mentoring of employees · Set goals using the SMART approach: specific, motivational, attainable, relevant and trackable · Help people move through all four stages of mastery · Create a culture that shares knowledge and encourages nonstop learning “I’m thrilled that the first book in our Leading at a Higher Level series is with Garry Ridge, president of WD-40 Company. For years I’ve been concerned about how people’s performance is evaluated. People are often forced into a normal distribution curve, or even worse, rank ordered. Not only does this not build trust, it also does not hold managers responsible for coaching people and helping them win. The manager’s responsibility is focused on sorting people out. When I was a college professor, I always gave my students the final exam at the beginning of the course and spent the rest of the semester helping them answer the questions so that they could get an A. Life is all about getting As, not some stupid normal distribution curve. Garry Ridge got this, and wow! What a difference it has made in WD-40 Company’s performance.” --Ken Blanchard “When I first heard Ken talk about giving his final exam at the beginning of the course and then teaching students the answers so they could get an A, it blew me away. Why don’t we do that in business? So that’s exactly what I did at WD-40 Company when we set up our ‘Don’t Mark My Paper, Help Me Get an A’ performance management system. Has it made a difference? You’d better believe it. Ever since we began the system, our company’s annual sales have more than tripled, from $100 million to more than $339 million. And we’ve accomplished this feat while making the company a great place to work.” --Garry Ridge
Publisher: FT Press
ISBN: 0135094038
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 196
Book Description
Ken Blanchard’s Leading at a Higher Level techniques are inspiring thousands of leaders to build high-performing organizations that make life better for everyone. Now, in Helping People Win at Work, Blanchard and WD-40 Company leader Garry Ridge reveal how WD-40 has used Blanchard’s techniques of Partnering for Performance with every employee--achieving levels of engagement and commitment that have fortified the bottom line. Ridge introduces WD-40 Company’s year-round performance review system, explaining its goals, features, and the cultural changes it requires. Next, he shares his leadership point of view: what he expects of people, what they can expect of him, and where his beliefs about leadership and motivation come from. Finally, Blanchard explains why WD-40 Company’s Partnering for Performance system works so well--and how to leverage its high-value techniques in your organization. In this book, you’ll learn how to: · Stop building failure into your mentoring of employees · Set goals using the SMART approach: specific, motivational, attainable, relevant and trackable · Help people move through all four stages of mastery · Create a culture that shares knowledge and encourages nonstop learning “I’m thrilled that the first book in our Leading at a Higher Level series is with Garry Ridge, president of WD-40 Company. For years I’ve been concerned about how people’s performance is evaluated. People are often forced into a normal distribution curve, or even worse, rank ordered. Not only does this not build trust, it also does not hold managers responsible for coaching people and helping them win. The manager’s responsibility is focused on sorting people out. When I was a college professor, I always gave my students the final exam at the beginning of the course and spent the rest of the semester helping them answer the questions so that they could get an A. Life is all about getting As, not some stupid normal distribution curve. Garry Ridge got this, and wow! What a difference it has made in WD-40 Company’s performance.” --Ken Blanchard “When I first heard Ken talk about giving his final exam at the beginning of the course and then teaching students the answers so they could get an A, it blew me away. Why don’t we do that in business? So that’s exactly what I did at WD-40 Company when we set up our ‘Don’t Mark My Paper, Help Me Get an A’ performance management system. Has it made a difference? You’d better believe it. Ever since we began the system, our company’s annual sales have more than tripled, from $100 million to more than $339 million. And we’ve accomplished this feat while making the company a great place to work.” --Garry Ridge
Ethics Essentials for Business Leaders
Author: Brian T. Engellund
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781466234765
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 122
Book Description
Ethical decision-making is often a puzzling challenge for business leaders. News reports describing indictments and guilty verdicts of corporate CEOs provide a sober reminder that making sound ethical decisions requires care and prior study. Ethical Essentials for Business Leaders pulls all the pieces together in a compact handbook designed for both current and future business leaders. The book offers several distinctive advantages:First, it is oriented towards the role and actions of leaders in a business environment so that reads learn how to act in order to influence good ethical decision-making as they assume leadership positions in all types of organizations.Second, it is written from a practically-minded, pro-business viewpoint by authors who have taught and practiced business ethics for many years.Third, it provides a balanced perspective regarding the appropriate role of the leader's person ethics, as informed by culture and religious belief, toward shaping organizational ethical decision-making.The book begins with a discussion of six reasons why business leaders make bad decisions, then presents an ethical decision frame-work designed to counter-balance those reasons. In other chapters, natural law is explained, the contributions of eight important philosophers are summarized, the four levels of corporate social responsibility are discussed, and the relationship between laws and ethics is presented. In the final chapter, ten steps are recommended for developing and ensuring an ethical organization.ABOUT SOPHIAOMNI PRESSThis text is published by SophiaOmni Press. SophiaOmni is an independent press founded by educators to expand the domain of human wisdom. We publish works in the fields of philosophy, religion, and ethics by past and contemporary authors who have something significant to say about the human condition and our continued existence on this fragile planet. Visit us on the web at www.sophiaomni.org.
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781466234765
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 122
Book Description
Ethical decision-making is often a puzzling challenge for business leaders. News reports describing indictments and guilty verdicts of corporate CEOs provide a sober reminder that making sound ethical decisions requires care and prior study. Ethical Essentials for Business Leaders pulls all the pieces together in a compact handbook designed for both current and future business leaders. The book offers several distinctive advantages:First, it is oriented towards the role and actions of leaders in a business environment so that reads learn how to act in order to influence good ethical decision-making as they assume leadership positions in all types of organizations.Second, it is written from a practically-minded, pro-business viewpoint by authors who have taught and practiced business ethics for many years.Third, it provides a balanced perspective regarding the appropriate role of the leader's person ethics, as informed by culture and religious belief, toward shaping organizational ethical decision-making.The book begins with a discussion of six reasons why business leaders make bad decisions, then presents an ethical decision frame-work designed to counter-balance those reasons. In other chapters, natural law is explained, the contributions of eight important philosophers are summarized, the four levels of corporate social responsibility are discussed, and the relationship between laws and ethics is presented. In the final chapter, ten steps are recommended for developing and ensuring an ethical organization.ABOUT SOPHIAOMNI PRESSThis text is published by SophiaOmni Press. SophiaOmni is an independent press founded by educators to expand the domain of human wisdom. We publish works in the fields of philosophy, religion, and ethics by past and contemporary authors who have something significant to say about the human condition and our continued existence on this fragile planet. Visit us on the web at www.sophiaomni.org.
Leadership and Business Ethics
Author: Gabriel Flynn
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402084293
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
This book points to a necessary relationship between ethics and business; the success of such an alliance depends directly on sound business leadership. Without the sort of leadership that upholds the dignity and rights of employees and clients, as well as the interests of shareholders, even the most meticulously prepared ethics statements are destined to founder, as evidenced at Enron and elsewhere. Over the past 30 years or so, since business ethics became established as a discipline in its own right, much progress has been made in the ethical conduct of business at all levels. In short, business people, like politicians, doctors and church leaders, have come to realize that it is not possible to avoid involvement in ethics, for much of what business people do and cannot do may be subject to ethical evaluation. While the history of business ethics as currently practised may be traced to the medieval and ancient periods; our principal concern is with developments in the ?eld over recent decades. A consideration of how the topic has been treated by the Harvard Business Review, the business world’sleadingprofessionaljournal,provideshelpful insights into past progress and present challenges. In 1929, just as business ethics was beginning to evolve, Wallace B.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402084293
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 327
Book Description
This book points to a necessary relationship between ethics and business; the success of such an alliance depends directly on sound business leadership. Without the sort of leadership that upholds the dignity and rights of employees and clients, as well as the interests of shareholders, even the most meticulously prepared ethics statements are destined to founder, as evidenced at Enron and elsewhere. Over the past 30 years or so, since business ethics became established as a discipline in its own right, much progress has been made in the ethical conduct of business at all levels. In short, business people, like politicians, doctors and church leaders, have come to realize that it is not possible to avoid involvement in ethics, for much of what business people do and cannot do may be subject to ethical evaluation. While the history of business ethics as currently practised may be traced to the medieval and ancient periods; our principal concern is with developments in the ?eld over recent decades. A consideration of how the topic has been treated by the Harvard Business Review, the business world’sleadingprofessionaljournal,provideshelpful insights into past progress and present challenges. In 1929, just as business ethics was beginning to evolve, Wallace B.
The Therapy for the Sane
Author: Lou Marinoff
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 1582344477
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 402
Book Description
The philosopher who helped restore his discipline to practical applications shows readers how the search for the "big questions" can alter a person's life forever and illuminate the mysteries of the human condition. Originally published as The Big Questions. Reprint. 15,000 first printing.
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 1582344477
Category : Self-Help
Languages : en
Pages : 402
Book Description
The philosopher who helped restore his discipline to practical applications shows readers how the search for the "big questions" can alter a person's life forever and illuminate the mysteries of the human condition. Originally published as The Big Questions. Reprint. 15,000 first printing.