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Author: Linda S. Stover
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Author: Linda S. Stover
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 164
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Book Description
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030917547X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Book Description
The United States has the dubious distinction of leading the industrialized world in overall rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), with 12 million new cases annually. About 3 million teenagers contract an STD each year, and many will have long-term health problems as a result. Women and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to these diseases and their health consequences. In addition, STDs increase the risk of HIV transmission. The Hidden Epidemic examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis. The book identifies the components of an effective national STD prevention and control strategy and provides direction for an appropriate response to the epidemic. Recommendations for improving public awareness and education, reaching women and adolescents, integrating public health programs, training health care professionals, modifying messages from the mass media, and supporting future research are included. The book documents the epidemiological dimensions and the economic and social costs of STDs, describing them as "a secret epidemic" with tremendous consequences. The committee frankly discusses the confusing and often hypocritical nature of how Americans deal with issues regarding sexualityâ€"the conflicting messages conveyed in the mass media, the reluctance to promote condom use, the controversy over sex education for teenagers, and the issue of personal blame. The Hidden Epidemic identifies key elements of effective, culturally appropriate programs to promote healthy behavior by adolescents and adults. It examines the problem of fragmentation in STD services and provides examples of communities that have formed partnerships between stakeholders to develop integrated approaches. The committee's recommendations provide a practical foundation on which to build an integrated national program to help young people and adults develop habits of healthy sexuality. The Hidden Epidemic was written for both health care professionals and people without a medical background and will be indispensable to anyone concerned about preventing and controlling STDs.
Author: Leo Wilton
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134656556
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, young people aged 18 to 25 are at a significant risk for acquiring and transmitting HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and other STIs (sexually transmitted infections). Primary developmental processes that place college students particularly at risk include the experience of intimacy, sexual desires and the centrality of the peer group. During these routine developmental processes, college students experiment with unprotected sex, multiple sex partners and alcohol and illicit drugs, all of which are contributing risk factors for HIV/STI infections. Early diagnosis, treatment and prevention of HIV and other STIs is germane to promoting the sexual health of college students and reducing high HIV/STI infection rates among young people. This edited volume will provide innovative and cutting-edge approaches to prevention for college students and will have a major impact on advancing the interdisciplinary fields of higher education and public health. It will explore core ideas such as hooking up culture, sexual violence, LGBT and students of color, as well as HIV and STI prevention in community colleges, rural colleges and minority serving institutions.
Author: Oswald M. Attin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College students
Languages : en
Pages : 89
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Book Description
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) could cause ectopic, cervical cancer, infertility, and organ damage to the heart, kidneys, and brain. This study compared several behavioral risk factors of STIs (condom use, number of sexual partners, type of sex (anal or vaginal) and drinking habits) between two distinct educational settings and their association with socioeconomic risk factors such as low income and parent’s lower level of education that are known to increase the incidence of STIs among college-aged students. This study was based on the precautionary-health-behavior model, where individuals act regardless of consequences, and the health-behavior-change model, where individual behaviors either increase one’s risk of contracting or preventing an STI. A total of 238 participants responded with 139 from each institution. Data were analyzed using chi-square, and linear and logistic regression analysis to determine which educational setting has more STI behavioral risk factors and if there is a greater risk of students with lower socioeconomic status (SES) reporting these behavioral risk factors. The study concluded that students enrolled in a 4-year university are not more likely to report STI behavioral risk factors than students enrolled at a 2 year community college. However, the study did show that students with SES factors of low income and parents with lower levels of education is related to a higher risk of reporting an increased risk of noncondom use, a higher number of sexual partners, anal and vaginal sex, and at risk drinking habits associated with STIs. Implications for positive social change include increased awareness of STI among college-aged students which can lead to lower STI incidence rates regardless if it is a 2-year college or a 4 year university.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780309683951
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 750
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Book Description
One in five people in the United States had a sexually transmitted infection (STI) on any given day in 2018, totaling nearly 68 million estimated infections. STIs are often asymptomatic (especially in women) and are therefore often undiagnosed and unreported. Untreated STIs can have severe health consequences, including chronic pelvic pain, infertility, miscarriage or newborn death, and increased risk of HIV infection, genital and oral cancers, neurological and rheumatological effects. In light of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through the National Association of County and City Health Officials, commissioned the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to examine the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provide recommendations for action. In 1997, the Institute of Medicine released a report, The Hidden Epidemic: Confronting Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Although significant scientific advances have been made since that time, many of the problems and barriers described in that report persist today; STIs remain an underfunded and comparatively neglected field of public health practice and research. The committee reviewed the current state of STIs in the United States, and the resulting report, Sexually Transmitted Infections: Advancing a Sexual Health Paradigm, provides advice on future public health programs, policy, and research.
Author: Melicent R. Miller
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and perceived risk and screenings for both types of disease among college students. Participants were aged 18 to 25 years and currently enrolled at an urban university located in the southern region of the United States (N=T529). Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated to examine the association. Using an on-line survey instrument, data were collected to examine the associations between knowledge level and perception of, and screening for, STI and HIV. The highest levels of STI knowledge were associated with increased odds of perceived STI risk (OR= 1.47, 95% O 1.01-2.15), perceived HIV risk (OR= 2.59, 95% CI=1.56-4.32), recent STI screening (OR=2.10, 95% CI=1.59-2.79), and recent HIV screening (OR=1.45, 95% CI=1.08-1.94) as compared to students with the lowest level of STI knowledge. The findings from this study can be used by university health educators and service providers to evaluate current STI education programs that are presented on campus to ensure the inclusivity of modes of transmission for STI and HIV and to reinforce the importance of consistent condom use. University providers may also use the results of this study to increase opportunities for HIV testing and the availability of condoms to students on campus.
Author: Tristina Lea Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College students
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1836
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Author: Jessica Maria Seide
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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PERCEPTIONS OF RISK ASSOCIATED WITH UNINTENDED PREGNANCY AND SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS AMONG UNIVERSITY WOMEN ATTENDING MINNESEOTA STATE UNIVERSITY, MANKATO ABSTRACT By: Jessica Seide Unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections are preventable, yet there is still a high occurrence of both among university women. This study evaluated perceptions of risk associated with unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections among selected university women aged 18-25. This study identified whether women's perceptions of risk affected their decision to take certain precautions to prevent pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. This study also examined whether there was a relationship between perceptions of risk associated with unintended pregnancies and perceptions of risk associated with sexually transmitted infections and some of the variables that are associated with that relationship. This study identified whether university women used a mode of birth control, how often the method was used and their reasons for choosing methods and the factors that influence their use of birth control. Finally, the theoretical framework of the Health Belief Model was applied to this study to better understand university women's perceived risks of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Data were collected using a paper survey instrument that was administered in selected classrooms at Minnesota State University, Mankato. Descriptive statistics of student demographics were computed, such as mean age, sexual orientation and sexual activity level. Linear correlations and t-tests were done using SPSS Statistical Software version 18. This study found that women attending Minnesota State University, Mankato concepts of personal perceived risk and other women's perceived risk of both an unintended pregnancy and becoming infected with a sexually transmitted infection were not consistent. Inconsistency between beliefs and practices in regards to birth control/ protection choices were also found. A significant difference was found between the attitudes of dating and single participants toward the withdrawal method's effectiveness of preventing pregnancy, perceived risk of becoming pregnant without the use of protection/birth control and perceived risk of becoming infected with a sexually transmitted infection without protection. This study also showed that there was a lack of knowledge of HIV testing.
Author: Kristen J. Scholly
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109033489
Category : Sexual health
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
The incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies among college undergraduates is a serious health and educational concern. The study examined factors that influence sexual health practices, utilizing social norms theory and Astin's (1984, 1993) student involvement theory to explain high-risk sexual behavior among college students. Two logistic regression models were developed using the Spring, 2004 National College Health Assessment Survey to examine the effects of students' health risk behaviors, perceived peer sexual activity, and college involvement on rates of STIs and unintended pregnancies. Certain health risk behaviors such as alcohol use, mental health problems, and higher rates of perceived peer sexual activity were found to be significantly associated with an increased likelihood of STIs and unintended pregnancy. In contrast, factors such as living on campus reduced students' odds for STI transmission, and high GPA reduced the likelihood for unintended pregnancies. Results suggest that college students' health risk behaviors are often interrelated and therefore the incidence of STIs and unintended pregnancies need to be addressed by sexual health education programs that acknowledge the complexity of pregnancy and disease avoidance. The current study provides a first step toward examining the connection between emotional health and sexual health and the relationship between college involvement and high-risk sexual health behaviors. As a result, both the antecedents and consequences of STIs and unintended pregnancy deserve further and more in-depth study.
