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Author: Clemens Apprich
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452959277
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
How do “human” prejudices reemerge in algorithmic cultures allegedly devised to be blind to them? How do “human” prejudices reemerge in algorithmic cultures allegedly devised to be blind to them? To answer this question, this book investigates a fundamental axiom in computer science: pattern discrimination. By imposing identity on input data, in order to filter—that is, to discriminate—signals from noise, patterns become a highly political issue. Algorithmic identity politics reinstate old forms of social segregation, such as class, race, and gender, through defaults and paradigmatic assumptions about the homophilic nature of connection. Instead of providing a more “objective” basis of decision making, machine-learning algorithms deepen bias and further inscribe inequality into media. Yet pattern discrimination is an essential part of human—and nonhuman—cognition. Bringing together media thinkers and artists from the United States and Germany, this volume asks the urgent questions: How can we discriminate without being discriminatory? How can we filter information out of data without reinserting racist, sexist, and classist beliefs? How can we queer homophilic tendencies within digital cultures?
Author: Clemens Apprich
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
ISBN: 1452959277
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
How do “human” prejudices reemerge in algorithmic cultures allegedly devised to be blind to them? How do “human” prejudices reemerge in algorithmic cultures allegedly devised to be blind to them? To answer this question, this book investigates a fundamental axiom in computer science: pattern discrimination. By imposing identity on input data, in order to filter—that is, to discriminate—signals from noise, patterns become a highly political issue. Algorithmic identity politics reinstate old forms of social segregation, such as class, race, and gender, through defaults and paradigmatic assumptions about the homophilic nature of connection. Instead of providing a more “objective” basis of decision making, machine-learning algorithms deepen bias and further inscribe inequality into media. Yet pattern discrimination is an essential part of human—and nonhuman—cognition. Bringing together media thinkers and artists from the United States and Germany, this volume asks the urgent questions: How can we discriminate without being discriminatory? How can we filter information out of data without reinserting racist, sexist, and classist beliefs? How can we queer homophilic tendencies within digital cultures?
Author:
Publisher: Ardent Media
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Author: Vanja Petri?evi?
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137495197
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
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Book Description
This book provides an in-depth and timely analysis of the member states' compliance patterns with the key European Union Anti-Discrimination Directives. It examines the various structural, administrative, and individual aspects which significantly affect the degree and the nature of compliance patterns in select European Union member states.
Author: Oana ?tefan
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041148000
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 286
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Book Description
Drawing on a data set of 696 documents – competition and state aid judgments, orders and opinions of the European Courts, and Advocates’ General opinions referring to various soft law instruments – this detailed textual and doctrinal analysis investigates the way in which the EU Courts deal with soft law, how the normative status of these instruments is acknowledged, and how their effects are recognized. It reveals that several ‘champion’ instruments feature frequently in the case law: the guidelines on fines and the leniency notice in competition law, the state aid instruments on aid to be granted to enterprises in difficulty, regional aid, de minimis aid, and aid to be granted to SMEs – all of them having in common the fact that they regulate highly litigated areas. The analysis treats issues such as the following: ; the pathway from judicial ignorance to judicial acknowledgement of soft law; ; the judicial creation of legal ‘hybrids’; the judicial review of soft law; the potential use of soft law as a ‘sword’ or as a ‘shield’ in a court of law; the distinction between legally binding force and legal effects; how soft law can produce legal effects through the operation of general principles of law such as legitimate expectations, legal certainty, or human rights; and how the Courts locate soft law on a strong constitutional pluralist background. Although the analysis might appear to relate to a fairly narrow spectrum of EU law, in fact the interaction of soft law and legal principles reaches into many diverse areas of law, and increasingly so in the twenty-first century. Consequently, this ground-breaking book will prove immeasurably valuable to any practitioner, academic, or policymaker interested in how the EU Court is fulfilling once again its constitutionalizing role, even in an area traditionally lacking formalism and conventions: that of soft instruments of governance.
Author: Lawrence Solotoff
Publisher: Law Journal Press
ISBN: 9781588520623
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 1146
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Book Description
This book covers such topics as: the FAMLA; the development of sex discrimination and sexual harassment statutes; "glass ceiling" and "glass wall" issues in professional and academic settings.
Author: W. R. Garner
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317769813
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
First published in 1974. This book uses the basic idea of information as number of alternatives, and the concept of redundancy, but little else from formal information theory. It is a collection of eight lectures.
Author: Stephen J. Vodanovich
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190085428
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 385
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Book Description
"The U.S. civil court system consists of three levels: 1) District Courts ("Trial Courts"), 2) Circuit Courts of Appeal ("appellate courts") and 3) the Supreme Court (see Figure 1.1). The United States has a total of 94 districts, representing distinct geographic regions (see Table 1.1). The number of districts varies by state. For instance, some states have only one district (e.g., Arizona, Colorado, Delaware), while others have multiple districts, such as California, Florida, and Michigan (e.g., Southern District of California, Central District of California)"--
Author: K. S. Fu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364296303X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 217
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Book Description
During the past fifteen years there has been a considerable growth of interest in problems of pattern recognition. Contributions to the blossom of this area have come from many disciplines, including statistics, psychology, linguistics, computer science, biology, taxonomy, switching theory, communication theory, control theory, and operations research. Many different approaches have been proposed and a number of books have been published. Most books published so far deal with the decision-theoretic (or statistical) approach or the syntactic (or linguistic) approach. Since the area of pattern recognition is still far from its maturity, many new research results, both in theory and in applications, are continuously produced. The purpose of this monograph is to provide a concise summary of the major recent developments in pattern recognition. The five main chapters (Chapter 2-6) in this book can be divided into two parts. The first three chapters concern primarily with basic techniques in pattern recognition. They include statistical techniques, clustering analysis and syntactic techniques. The last two chapters deal with applications; namely, picture recognition, and speech recognition and understanding. Each chapter is written by one or two distinguished experts on that subject. The editor has not attempted to impose upon the contributors to this volume a uniform notation and terminol ogy, since such notation and terminology does not as yet exist in pattern recognition.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Judiciary. Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : African American criminals
Languages : en
Pages : 584
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Book Description
Author: David Zhang
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1591408326
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
"The book gives an introduction to basic biometric image discrimination technologies including theories that are the foundations of those technologies and new algorithms for biometrics authentication"--Provided by publisher.
