Past and Future Freshwater Use in the United States PDF Download
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Author: Thomas Capnor Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Author: Thomas Capnor Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
Author: Thomas Brown
Publisher: CreateSpace
ISBN: 9781480163300
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Water withdrawals to cities, farms, and other offstream uses in the United States have increased over ten-fold during the twentieth century in response to tremendous population and economic growth. Further rapid growth in population and income is almost certain to occur, placing additional demands on water supplies. As withdrawals to offstream users increase, more water is consumed, leaving less water in streams. Streamflows have dropped at the same time as additional instream uses have been found by scientists studying the needs of aquatic plants and wildlife and the hydro-geologic requirements of river channels themselves, and as rising incomes and urbanization have intensified calls for maintaining water-based recreation opportunities and protecting water quality (Gillilan and Brown 1997). These changes amplify the importance of examining the future adequacy of the nation's water supply. As Congress recognized when it passed the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act of 1974 requiring the Forest Service to periodically assess anticipated resource supply and demand conditions, with sufficient forethought necessary adjustments may be anticipated and unnecessary costs may be avoided. The adequacy of a water supply depends on water availability compared with water demand. This report focuses on water demand, and estimates future water use assuming that the water will be available. Comparison of water-use estimates presented in this report with estimates of future water availability is left to a later report. In economic terms, demand is a price-quantity relation. Unfortunately, such relations are difficult to specify for some water uses and for large geographic regions containing numerous market areas. Thus, an economic model was not adopted for this study. Instead, demand, as used in this report, refers to quantity requested. This quantity-based approach leaves the effect of price unspecified but not avoided. Because water and the resources needed to manage it are scarce, price has played an important role in determining the past quantities of water requested and will continue to do so. In what follows, the implicit role of price must be remembered. Demand for water differs by region. Arid areas have higher demands per user than do humid areas, all else equal. Within a region of homogeneous weather, demands differ geographically depending on the availability of arable land, reliance on thermoelectric power, and other factors. The many potential differences among geographic areas suggest that demand for water should be studied at the smallest geographical scale possible. However, existing small-scale studies, often performed using different variables or methods, do not lend themselves to broadscale conclusions about regional or national trends. This report projects water demand to the year 2040. The time horizon was selected based on the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Planning Act, which mandates that the Forest Service periodically prepare a management plan for a period of roughly 45 years into the future. Of course, the likelihood that a projection is accurate decreases as the time horizon of that projection increases. The objective of this paper is to characterize past and future water use in the U.S. A national perspective is first adopted to present a basic understanding of water-use trends. Then water use is described for large regions of the U.S. to capture the major regional differences.
Author: Thomas Capnor Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water-supply
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 1022
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 760
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Author: Laurie L. Houston
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Author: Laurie L. Houston
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1437933335
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. Knowledge about the value of water to different users and methods with which to evaluate biophysical, economic, ecological, and social tradeoffs associated with allocating limited water resources among competing uses is vital to devising appropriate and effective water resource policies. Intended primarily for non-economists, this report reviews existing water resource economics literature (as of 2002) concerning the economic value of water in different uses in the Pacific Northwest, the evaluation of tradeoffs among uses, and the use of economic incentives for water conservation and protection or enhancement of water quality. Includes an annotated bibliography of water resource economics research.
Author: Roger A. Professor Sedjo
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136526064
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
The vast size of the United States and extensive variation of its climate, topography, and biota across different regions contribute to both the richness of the nation‘s natural heritage and the complexities involved in managing its resources. A follow-up to RFF‘s popular America‘s Renewable Resources (1990), Perspectives on Sustainable Resources in America updates readers about the current challenges involved in managing America‘s natural resources, especially in light of the increasing emphasis on sustainability and ecosystem approaches to management. Written to inform general audiences and students, as well as to engage the interest of experts, the book includes assessments by some of the nation‘s most renowned scholars in natural resource economics and policy. An introductory chapter critically examines the concept of sustainability as it has been developed in recent years and asks how the concept might apply to individual resource systems. It considers the interrelatedness of ecosystem, economic, and social sustainability; the paradigms of resource sufficiency and functional integrity; and the contrast between weak and strong sustainability. The chapters that follow examine America‘s experience with forests, water, agricultural soils, and wildlife. Highlighting the adaptability and resilience of resource systems, each chapter provides a description of the physical characteristics of the resource, a history of its use, a policy history, and a review of ongoing debates in management and policy. Perspectives on Sustainable Resources in America concludes with an innovative treatment of biodiversity as a natural resource. The chapter reviews the definitions of biodiversity, the ecological and economic meanings of biodiversity, and current efforts to preserve biodiversity, especially through regulatory approaches.
Author: Stephen F. McCool
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 143791358X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
Water is the source of life, the sustenance for living, the resource needed for mfg., mining, ag.; the element required to grow our lawns, to water our landscaping, to shower us with refreshment; it is the place where we play; it provides the snow for our winter recreation, and it provides the habitat for our wildlife. Water in Amer. society is more than a physical entity; its symbolic values and non-instrumental uses are growing in significance. This book is about the issues associated with these symbolic values and uses of water: the challenges they present -- in our language, in our allocation mechanisms, in our commun. -- the conflicts raised; and the potential for resolving the difficult, contentious and complex issues concerning the use of water for various purposes.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Outdoor recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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