Particle Deposition in Human and Canine Tracheobronchial Casts. Annual Progress Report PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 11
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The aim of this work is to measure deposition patterns and efficiencies of aerosol particles within realistic, single-pathway physical models of the tracheobronchial airways of humans and experimental animals over a range of particle sizes for a variety of respiratory modes and rates. This will provide data needed to assess the dose to the bronchial epithelium from inhaled radon progeny. In prior grant years an empirical expression for diffusional deposition efficiency of particles in the upper airways was obtained based on experimental data collected in central airway casts. The work also provided new quantitative data of airflow distribution in a realistic central airway cast for two species for both steady and pulsatile inspiratory flow and for expiratory flow. Theoretical studies were then extended based on a developing flow model. We concluded that although the developing flow model is a better predictor of the data than assumption of parabolic flow, the predicted deposition is significantly lower than that predicted by our best fit equation. In the current year the experimental results were evaluated in terms of the parametric solution of the convective diffusion equation.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
The aim of this work is to measure deposition patterns and efficiencies of aerosol particles within realistic, single-pathway physical models of the tracheobronchial airways of humans and experimental animals over a range of particle sizes for a variety of respiratory modes and rates. This will provide data needed to assess the dose to the bronchial epithelium from inhaled radon progeny. In prior grant years an empirical expression for diffusional deposition efficiency of particles in the upper airways was obtained based on experimental data collected in central airway casts. The work also provided new quantitative data of airflow distribution in a realistic central airway cast for two species for both steady and pulsatile inspiratory flow and for expiratory flow. Theoretical studies were then extended based on a developing flow model. We concluded that although the developing flow model is a better predictor of the data than assumption of parabolic flow, the predicted deposition is significantly lower than that predicted by our best fit equation. In the current year the experimental results were evaluated in terms of the parametric solution of the convective diffusion equation.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
The aim of this work is to measure deposition patterns and efficiencies of aerosol particles within realistic, single-pathway physical models of the tracheobronchial airways of humans and experimental animals over a range of particle sizes for a variety of respiratory modes and rates. This will provide data needed to assess the dose to the bronchial epithelium from inhaled radon progeny. In prior grant years an empirical expression for diffusional deposition efficiency of particles in the upper airways was obtained based on experimental data collected in central airway casts. The work also provided new quantitative data of airflow distribution in a realistic central airway cast for two species for both steady and pulsatile inspiratory flow and for expiratory flow. Theoretical studies were then extended based on a developing flow model. We concluded that although the developing flow model is a better predictor of the data than assumption of parabolic flow, the predicted deposition is significantly lower than that predicted by our best fit equation. In the current year the experimental results were evaluated in terms of the parametric solution of the convective diffusion equation.
Author: Tai L. Chan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Lev S. Ruzer
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439855102
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 669
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Book Description
With the rapid growth of the nanotechnology industry, the need to understand the biological effects of aerosol exposure has become increasingly important. Featuring contributions by leading experts in the field, Aerosols Handbook: Measurement, Dosimetry, and Health Effects, Second Edition offers an up-to-date overview of many aspects of aerosols, from properties to health effects and epidemiology. Covering indoor, outdoor, industrial, medical, pharmaceutical, and radioactive aerosols, this book explores aerosol dosimetry by defining terms such as exposure and dose. In addition, it looks at nanometer particles, the mechanism of aerosol deposition in the lungs, and modeling deposition with a corresponding uncertainty in risk assessment. The text also emphasizes the importance of accurate aerosol measurements, particularly breathing zone exposure assessments. Examining radioactive aerosols, the book discusses lessons learned from nuclear accidents, radon and thoron, and long-lived radionuclides in the environment. It brings together research on both radioactive and nonradioactive aerosols, supplying readers with a more complete view of how aerosols behave in the lungs. New in This Edition Five new chapters that address the safety of nanomaterials, dealing with nanoparticle cell penetration, high aspect ratio nanomaterials, nanoaerosols in drug delivery, risk assessment, and health effects New chapters on atmospheric pollution related to climate change, chemical analyses of particle filter deposits, and classical nucleation theory New data on measurement, dosimetry, and health effects Updated throughout, this second edition continues to be an essential resource for those who study exposure, dosages, and toxicity to develop treatments for exposure, reduce air pollution, and establish better safety regulations, particularly in industries using nanotechnologies.
Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 78
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Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 848
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 754
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Author: United States. Department of Energy. Office of Health and Environmental Research
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric physics
Languages : en
Pages : 436
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Author: J. Dodgson
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483159787
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1244
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Inhaled Particles VI contains the proceedings of an international symposium and workshop on lung dosimetry, organized by the British Occupational Hygiene Society in cooperation with the Commission of the European Communities and held at Cambridge on September 2-6, 1985. The symposium presents results of research on the entry, destiny, and effects of respired particles, with emphasis on mechanisms and dose-response relationships. This book contains, in three separate parts, 84 papers from the symposium, 34 workshop papers, and 20 poster presentations. Parts 1 and 2 are further divided into sections. Section 1 presents several papers concerning the influence of breathing pattern and activity on regional deposition of inhaled particles. Section 2 shows comparative studies of aerosol deposition in experimental animals and humans. Subsequent sections explore the mineral content of lungs to differing exposures; biological effects of dusts; hazard parameters; dust measurement; exposure of workers to vermiculite and attapulgite; effects of dust exposure in the coal mining industry; and effects of silica dust exposure. Other topics of significance include toxicity of artificial mineral fibers and utility of magnetopneumography as a non-invasive investigational test.
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Category : Indoor air pollution
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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