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Author: T.A. Sonia
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1908818689
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
Diabetes Mellitus, a syndrome of disordered metabolism, characterised by abnormal elevation in blood glucose level, has become a life-threatening condition for many people. Current means of therapy for Diabetes Mellitus do not mimic the normal physiological pattern of insulin release. Oral delivery is the preferred route of administration due to its non-invasive nature. Oral delivery of insulin presents an overview of Diabetes Mellitus, and discusses the strategies and techniques adopted for oral delivery of insulin. This title begins with an introductory chapter on symptoms, complications and therapy for Diabetes Mellitus. Subsequent chapters cover the various routes for administering insulin; the challenges and strategies of oral delivery; experimental techniques in the development of an oral insulin carrier; lipids; inorganic nanoparticles and polymers in oral insulin delivery; and a summary and presentation of future perspectives on oral delivery of insulin. Presents an overview of Diabetes Mellitus Includes a discussion of various strategies and techniques adopted for oral delivery of insulin Presents an update of research in the field
Author: T.A. Sonia
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1908818689
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 361
Get Book Here
Book Description
Diabetes Mellitus, a syndrome of disordered metabolism, characterised by abnormal elevation in blood glucose level, has become a life-threatening condition for many people. Current means of therapy for Diabetes Mellitus do not mimic the normal physiological pattern of insulin release. Oral delivery is the preferred route of administration due to its non-invasive nature. Oral delivery of insulin presents an overview of Diabetes Mellitus, and discusses the strategies and techniques adopted for oral delivery of insulin. This title begins with an introductory chapter on symptoms, complications and therapy for Diabetes Mellitus. Subsequent chapters cover the various routes for administering insulin; the challenges and strategies of oral delivery; experimental techniques in the development of an oral insulin carrier; lipids; inorganic nanoparticles and polymers in oral insulin delivery; and a summary and presentation of future perspectives on oral delivery of insulin. Presents an overview of Diabetes Mellitus Includes a discussion of various strategies and techniques adopted for oral delivery of insulin Presents an update of research in the field
Author: Mukur Gupta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Diabetes
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Author: Zakieh Al Kurdi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Sunandini Chopra
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Parenteral administration remains the mainstay of drug administration for protein therapeutics. However, for diseases that require frequent drug dose over long periods of time, injections can result in patient incompliance and poor treatment outcomes. For such diseases, oral drug delivery is the most non-invasive and patient-compliant method of drug administration. Although oral delivery of many small molecule drugs is routine, oral delivery of protein drugs - e.g. insulin presents several challenges including oral bioavailability of the protein therapeutic because of degradation in the stomach, inactivation and digestion of the therapeutics by the proteolytic enzymes in the luminal cavity, and poor permeability of drugs across the intestinal epithelium. Polymeric nanoparticle (NP) carriers provide new opportunities for controlled delivery of drugs, and have the potential to address challenges associated with effective oral delivery of insulin. NPs can protect the protein therapeutic from degradation in the GI tract as well as allow targeted transport across the epithelial lining. An efficient NP based oral insulin delivery solution that can enable targeted transport of insulin across the GI tract must have (1) high insulin loading, (2) sub-100 nm size, (3) ability to release insulin before opsonization by macrophages and (4) the ability to be surface-functionalized with ligands that facilitate transport across the epithelium. This work presents a detailed study on mechanistic understanding of polymeric insulin NP formation with a focus on the effect of synthesis parameters on insulin loading and NP size. We report how buffer conditions, ionic chelation, and NP preparation methods influence insulin loading in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) NPs. We report a 10-fold increase in insulin loading with the use of chelating zinc ions and by the optimization of the pH during nanoprecipitation. Next, we report the development of novel insulin Eudragit-PLGA-PEG blended NPs (Ins-Eud-NPs) with high insulin loading (13.1%) and sub-100 nm size. These NPs enable rapid release of insulin when triggered by a change in pH that occurs when the NPs cross the duodenal epithelium and go from acidic to neutral pH. The NPs are formed by successfully blending Eudragit S100, a commercially available polymer which dissolves at pH greater than 7 with a non-pH responsive polymer, PLGA-PEG. To enable effective transport of these NPs across the epithelial lining, NPs were designed to use the FcRn transport pathway that mediates IgG antibody transport across epithelial barriers. We report the successful chemical conjugation of the Fc fragment on the surface of Ins-Eud- NPs by overcoming the presence of non-ideal conjugation parameters owing to the pH restrictions of the system. This dissertation provides mechanistic insights and helps to understand fundamental concepts about polymeric NP formation and protein encapsulation. The modular NP system developed in this work can be extended to other protein drug delivery systems that are subject to limited drug loading and restricted transport across epithelial barriers.
Author: Emmanuel Opara
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429584652
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 369
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Book Description
This book will describe current research on drug delivery systems that encompass four broad categories, namely: routes of delivery, delivery vehicles, payload, and targeting strategies. Where appropriate delivery vehicles and relevant release of specific agents in any of these categories in clinical application will be discussed. All chapters will highlight the translational aspects of the various technologies discussed and will provide insights into the advantages of such delivery systems over current ones in clinical or research use. Each technology reviewed in this book will have significant potential to improve patients' lives by enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. This book: Discusses the various factors that mitigate effective oral insulin delivery and the current status of research efforts to overcome these barriers along with recent clinical projections Examines the advantages and disadvantages of each drug delivery system Examines the standard method of accomplishing controlled drug release through the incorporation of the drugs within polymeric biomaterials such as capsules and microcapsules as well as other vehicles such as liposomes Discusses various controlled drug delivery systems, including sustained release delivery systems and pulse or delayed release, e.g. to target different regions of the gastrointestinal tract. In view of these wide-ranging technological areas, and the up-to-date discussions of opportunities and challenges associated with these applications, the book should provide readers from technology, materials science, pharmacology and clinical disciplines with very valuable information.
Author: Yitzhak Rosen
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351643851
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 941
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Book Description
Integrating the clinical and engineering aspects of drug delivery, this book offers a much needed comprehensive overview and patient-oriented approach for enhanced drug delivery optimization and advancement. Starting with an introduction to the subject and pharmacokinetics, it explores advances for such topics as oral, gastroretentive, intravitreal, and intrathecal drug delivery, as well as insulin delivery, gene delivery, and biomaterials-based delivery systems. It also describes drug delivery in cancer, cardiac, infectious diseases, airway diseases, and obstetrics and gynecology applications. Examining special clinical states requiring innovative drug delivery modifications, such as hypercoagulability often seen in pregnancy, cancer, and autoimmune diseases, the book also discusses methods for improved drug delivery in clinical settings using clinical end points, clinical trials, simulations, and other venues. It also describes the latest drug delivery advances involving nanomaterials, NEMS and MEMS devices, hydrogels, microencapsulation, lipids, stem cells, patches, and ultrasound. The book is rounded out by a chapter on the FDA regulatory and bioethical challenges involved in advancing drug delivery.
Author: Etienne Cabane
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Author: Radhika Narain
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783668297074
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 20
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Book Description
Scientific Study from the year 2014 in the subject Medicine - Pharmacology, grade: A, language: English, abstract: The delivery of proteins is challenging due to their high molecular weight and hydrophilic structures, making them difficult to cross the ubiquitous lipidic membranes. Proteins have a unique structure which makes them suited to a unique function, therefore, maintenance of the structural integrity and stability of these macromolecules is also of a high concern as they can easily be denatured by temperature, pH and other physiochemical changes. The protein and peptide delivery systems have to be designed in a way such that the drug carriers can protect the protein from proteases, increase its permeability through membranes, increase its absorption and bioavailability, sustain its release, with low dosage requirements and, increase its systemic circulation. The study presents the delivery of insulin through various routes: buccal, transdermal, oral and pulmonary, utilizing different novel carriers like polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoshells, nanospheres and nanoparticles encapsulated in microparticles, along with drug surface modification either by attaching peptide ligands or conjugating with polymers to enhance absorption and targeting capacity of the drug.
Author: Revanth Rayasam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Momoh Mumuni
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783838383774
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 112
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Book Description
The purpose of this research was to investigate whether bovine mucin has the potential to serve as an oral delivery agent peptide drugs like insulin. mucin was proceessed from the small intestine of freshly slaughter cow via precipitation with acetone, air-drying and pulvirized. The mucin so extracted was used for further study.The physiochemical viscosity and bioadhessiveness property was assessed. Several ratio of mucin: insulin was formulated into catchet and was used for the glucose lowering potential in an alloxan made hyperghlycaemia rats, insulin alone was used as a control. The mechanism of insulin release from the catchet was study. The results of the physiochemical property revealed carbohydrate, protein, fat and oil. The viscosity and the bioadhessivness was mucin concentration dependent. All the animal show a glucose lowering potential and it is best in the formulation with high mucin content. Based on our finding, we proposed that the biological activity of insulin in preserved in the preparation: and mucin protected the degradation f insulin inthe GIT.
