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Author: Alicia Abrams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy storage
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: Alicia Abrams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy storage
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Author: Paul Denholm
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Distributed resources (Electric utilities)
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
This analysis evaluates CSP with TES in a scenario where California derives 33% of its electricity from renewable energy sources. It uses a commercial grid simulation tool to examine the avoided operational and capacity costs associated with CSP and compares this value to PV and a baseload generation with constant output. Overall, the analysis demonstrates several properties of dispatchable CSP, including the flexibility to generate during periods of high value and avoid generation during periods of lower value. Of note in this analysis is the fact that significant amount of operational value is derived from the provision of reserves in the case where CSP is allowed to provide these services. This analysis also indicates that the 'optimal' configuration of CSP could vary as a function of renewable penetration, and each configuration will need to be evaluated in terms of its ability to provide dispatchable energy, reserves, and firm capacity. The model can be used to investigate additional scenarios involving alternative technology options and generation mixes, applying these scenarios within California or in other regions of interest.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
This analysis evaluates CSP with TES in a scenario where California derives 33% of its electricity from renewable energy sources. It uses a commercial grid simulation tool to examine the avoided operational and capacity costs associated with CSP and compares this value to PV and a baseload generation with constant output. Overall, the analysis demonstrates several properties of dispatchable CSP, including the flexibility to generate during periods of high value and avoid generation during periods of lower value. Of note in this analysis is the fact that significant amount of operational value is derived from the provision of reserves in the case where CSP is allowed to provide these services. This analysis also indicates that the 'optimal' configuration of CSP could vary as a function of renewable penetration, and each configuration will need to be evaluated in terms of its ability to provide dispatchable energy, reserves, and firm capacity. The model can be used to investigate additional scenarios involving alternative technology options and generation mixes, applying these scenarios within California or in other regions of interest.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This analysis evaluates CSP with TES in a scenario where California derives 33% of its electricity from renewable energy sources. It uses a commercial grid simulation tool to examine the avoided operational and capacity costs associated with CSP and compares this value to PV and a baseload generation with constant output. Overall, the analysis demonstrates several properties of dispatchable CSP,including the flexibility to generate during periods of high value and avoid generation during periods of lower value. Of note in this analysis is the fact that significant amount of operational value is derived from the provision of reserves in the case where CSP is allowed to provide these services. This analysis also indicates that the 'optimal' configuration of CSP could vary as a functionof renewable penetration, and each configuration will need to be evaluated in terms of its ability to provide dispatchable energy, reserves, and firm capacity. The model can be used to investigate additional scenarios involving alternative technology options and generation mixes, applying these scenarios within California or in other regions of interest.
Author: Keith Lovegrove
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0857096176
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 709
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Book Description
Concentrating solar power (CSP) technology is poised to take its place as one of the major contributors to the future clean energy mix. Using straightforward manufacturing processes, CSP technology capitalises on conventional power generation cycles, whilst cost effectively matching supply and demand though the integration of thermal energy storage. Concentrating solar power technology provides a comprehensive review of this exciting technology, from the fundamental science to systems design, development and applications.Part one introduces fundamental principles of concentrating solar power systems. Site selection and feasibility analysis are discussed, alongside socio-economic and environmental assessments. Part two focuses on technologies including linear Fresnel reflector technology, parabolic-trough, central tower and parabolic dish concentrating solar power systems, and concentrating photovoltaic systems. Thermal energy storage, hybridization with fossil fuel power plants and the long-term market potential of CSP technology are explored. Part three goes on to discuss optimisation, improvements and applications. Topics discussed include absorber materials for solar thermal receivers, design optimisation through integrated techno-economic modelling, heliostat size optimisation, heat flux and temperature measurement technologies, concentrating solar heating and cooling for industrial processes, and solar fuels and industrial solar chemistry.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Concentrating solar power technology is an essential guide for all those involved or interested in the design, production, development, optimisation and application of CSP technology, including renewable energy engineers and consultants, environmental governmental departments, solar thermal equipment manufacturers, researchers and academics. - Provides a comprehensive review of concentrating solar power (CSP) technology, from the fundamental science to systems design, development and applications - Reviews fundamental principles of concentrating solar power systems, including site selection and feasibility analysis and socio-economic and environmental assessments - Provides an overview of technologies such as linear Fresnel reflector technology, parabolic-trough, central tower and parabolic dish concentrating solar power systems, and concentrating photovoltaic systems
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Book Description
Concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage (CSP-TES) can provide multiple benefits to the grid, including low marginal cost energy and the ability to levelize load, provide operating reserves, and provide firm capacity. It is challenging to properly value the integration of CSP because of the complicated nature of this technology. Unlike completely dispatchable fossil sources, CSP is a limited energy resource, depending on the hourly and daily supply of solar energy. To optimize the use of this limited energy, CSP-TES must be implemented in a production cost model with multiple decision variables for the operation of the CSP-TES plant. We develop and implement a CSP-TES plant in a production cost model that accurately characterizes the three main components of the plant: solar field, storage tank, and power block. We show the effect of various modelling simplifications on the value of CSP, including: scheduled versus optimized dispatch from the storage tank and energy-only operation versus co-optimization with ancillary services.
Author: Manuel Blanco
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081005172
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 496
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Book Description
After decades of research and development, concentrating solar thermal (CST) power plants (also known as concentrating solar power (CSP) and as Solar Thermal Electricity or STE systems) are now starting to be widely commercialized. Indeed, the IEA predicts that by 2050, with sufficient support over ten percent of global electricity could be produced by concentrating solar thermal power plants. However, CSP plants are just but one of the many possible applications of CST systems. Advances in Concentrating Solar Thermal Research and Technology provides detailed information on the latest advances in CST systems research and technology. It promotes a deep understanding of the challenges the different CST technologies are confronted with, of the research that is taking place worldwide to address those challenges, and of the impact that the innovation that this research is fostering could have on the emergence of new CST components and concepts. It is anticipated that these developments will substantially increase the cost-competiveness of commercial CST solutions and reshape the technological landscape of both CST technologies and the CST industry. After an introductory chapter, the next three parts of the book focus on key CST plant components, from mirrors and receivers to thermal storage. The final two parts of the book address operation and control and innovative CST system concepts. - Contains authoritative reviews of CST research taking place around the world - Discusses the impact this research is fostering on the emergence of new CST components and concepts that will substantially increase the cost-competitiveness of CST power - Covers both major CST plant components and system-wide issues
Author: Xinyue Peng
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Concentrating solar power (CSP) with thermal energy storage has the potential for grid-scale dispatchable power generation. Thermochemical energy storage (TCES), that is, the reversible conversion of solar-thermal energy to chemical energy, has high energy density and low heat loss over long periods. In this work, we develop optimization-based models for the design and analysis of CSP with different fluid-phase and solid-gas TCES systems. By proposing various TCES process strategies, evaluating their system performance, and identifying key areas of improvement, we hope that our study will help accelerate TCES development and solar power deployment. Specifically, we first develop a general process model for CSP plants employing fluid-phase TCES systems. We illustrate our model applicability by using ammonia and methane TCES systems. The analysis allows us to identify pressure vessels for aboveground gas storage as the main cost driver and compressor electricity consumption as the main energy driver. The overall energetic and economic performance can be significantly improved if cheap underground gas storage is available. We then propose an optimization-based framework for process synthesis under variability in two frequencies. We introduce scenarios and modes to represent low and high frequency variability respectively, and formulate the synthesis problem as a multimode two-stage stochastic programming model. The proposed approach is well suited to address the synthesis of renewable energy systems where the energy resource (e.g., solar, wind) often exhibits variability in two scales. Next, we develop an optimization model for the design and operation of CSP plants employing solid-gas TCES systems. Special emphasis is placed on the modeling of fixed-bed reactors that operate in a cyclic batch mode, which are modeled using partial differential equations in time and space. Finally, we provide a system-level analysis for CSP employing various solid-gas TCES strategies, that is, different combinations of chemical reactions and process configurations. Six process configurations are proposed and three types (carbonate, hydroxide, and redox) of reactions are studied. Results show that, six out of the nine strategies have the potential to improve energy efficiency and reduce costs at the same time over two-tank molten salt storage. We also analyze the impacts of key reaction properties and process parameters on system performance.
Author: Marissa Hummon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric power systems
Languages : en
Pages : 8
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Book Description
Concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage (CSP-TES) can provide multiple benefits to the grid, including low marginal cost energy and the ability to levelize load, provide operating reserves, and provide firm capacity. It is challenging to properly value the integration of CSP because of the complicated nature of this technology. Unlike completely dispatchable fossil sources, CSP is a limited energy resource, depending on the hourly and daily supply of solar energy. To optimize the use of this limited energy, CSP-TES must be implemented in a production cost model with multiple decision variables for the operation of the CSP-TES plant. We develop and implement a CSP-TES plant in a production cost model that accurately characterizes the three main components of the plant: solar field, storage tank, and power block. We show the effect of various modelling simplifications on the value of CSP, including: scheduled versus optimized dispatch from the storage tank and energy-only operation versus co-optimization with ancillary services.
Author: Enrique Lizarraga-García
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 105
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Book Description
The present thesis focuses on the optimal operation and design of solar-thermal energy storage systems. First, optimization of time-variable operation to maximize revenue through selling and purchasing electricity to/from the grid is presented for a thermal energy storage system. Time-variable electricity prices and electricity buy-back from the grid to re-charge the energy storage is considered. The concentrated solar power on demand (CSPonD) concept, in which a salt pond receives solar energy, stores thermal energy, and delivers thermal energy to the power cycle is considered. Electric heaters are added to the CSPonD concept, allowing for periods of electricity buy-back from the grid to re-charge the energy storage. System-level models are developed and optimization of the design and operation is performed with local solvers. Three main case studies are considered: the first case study investigates the optimization of time-variable operation without electrical heating under time-invariant electricity price; the second case study optimizes the operation under time-variant electricity price without electric heaters; the third case study optimizes the operation under time-variant electricity price allowing charging of the pond using the grid electricity. The first case study reflects the time-invariant tariff model, whereas the second and third case studies consider a time-of-use feed-in-tariff. Two hourly price profiles are considered in order to assess the influence of it on the optimal design and operation of the thermal energy storage. The first electricity profile consists of a price profile that fluctuates moderately, and the second price profile fluctuates highly, including negative prices. The results show significant increase in the revenue when adding electric heaters. Under the moderately fluctuating electricity price, the use of heaters increases the revenue significantly, compared to the same case with no electric heaters considered. Under the highly fluctuating electricity price, the use of heaters more than doubles the revenue, compared to the same case with no electric heaters considered. Also, the performance analysis of a regenerative thermal energy storage system with enhancement heat transfer structures is presented. In a regenerative thermal storage system, thermal energy is transferred from a hot heat transfer fluid to the storage unit core elements during charge, and from the core elements to the cold heat transfer fluid during discharge. Herein, concrete as the solid storage material, nitrate solar salt as the heat transfer fluid, and aluminum plates as the heat transfer structures is considered. The discharge process from uniform initial temperature is studied with different configurations (pure concrete and concrete enhanced by transfer structures), operation strategies (laminar versus turbulent flow regimes), and dimensions. Results show a significant decrease in the cost of the thermal energy storage system when heat transfer structures are added, as well as a better performance in terms of discharge efficiency and discharge time period. The amount of solar salt needed for this configuration is approximately one fourth that required for a nitrate two-tank system operating with the same temperature difference.
