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Author: National Research Council (U.S.)
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN:
Category : Communication in science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council (U.S.)
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN:
Category : Communication in science
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309086647
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 113
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Book Description
Reliable collections of science-based environmental information are vital for many groups of users and for a number of purposes. For example, electric utility companies predict demand during heat waves, structural engineers design buildings to withstand hurricanes and earthquakes, water managers monitor each winter's snow pack, and farmers plant and harvest crops based on daily weather predictions. Understanding the impact of human activities on climate, water, ecosystems, and species diversity, and assessing how natural systems may respond in the future are becoming increasingly important for public policy decisions. Environmental information systems gather factual information, transform it into information products, and distribute the products to users. Typical uses of the information require long-term consistency; hence the operation of the information system requires a long-term commitment from an institution, agency, or corporation. The need to keep costs down provides a strong motivation for creating multipurpose information systems that satisfy scientific, commercial and operational requirements, rather than systems that address narrow objectives. Resolving Conflicts Arising from the Privatization of Environmental Data focuses on such shared systems.
Author: Committee on Issues in the Transborder Flow of Scientific Data
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309523567
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
Since Galileo corresponded with Kepler, the community of scientists has become increasingly international. A DNA sequence is as significant to a researcher in Novosibirsk as it is to one in Pasadena. And with the advent of electronic communications technology, these experts can share information within minutes. What are the consequences when more bits of scientific data cross more national borders and do it more swiftly than ever before? Bits of Power assesses the state of international exchange of data in the natural sciences, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and challenges. The committee makes recommendations about access to scientific data derived from public funding. The volume examines: Trends in the electronic transfer and management of scientific data. Pressure toward commercialization of scientific data, including the economic aspects of government dissemination of the data. The implications of proposed changes to intellectual property laws and the role of scientists in shaping legislative and legal solutions. Improving access to scientific data by and from the developing world. Bits of Power explores how these issues have been addressed in the European Community and includes examples of successful data transfer activities in the natural sciences. The book will be of interest to scientists and scientific data managers, as well as intellectual property rights attorneys, legislators, government agencies, and international organizations concerned about the electronic flow of scientific data.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309301572
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
The theme of this international symposium is the promotion of greater sharing of scientific data for the benefit of research and broader development, particularly in the developing world. This is an extraordinarily important topic. Indeed, I have devoted much of my own career to matters related to the concept of openness. I had the opportunity to promote and help build the open courseware program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). This program has made the teaching materials for all 2,000 subjects taught at MIT available on the Web for anyone, anywhere, to use anytime at no cost. In countries where basic broadband was not available, we shipped it in on hard drives and compact disks. Its impact has been worldwide, but it has surely had the greatest impact on the developing world. I am also a trustee of a nonprofit organization named Ithaca that operates Journal Storage (JSTOR) and other entities that make scholarly information available at very low cost. The culture of science has been international and open for centuries. Indeed, the scientific enterprise can only work when all information is open and accessible, because science works through critical analysis and replication of results. In recent years, as some scientific data, and especially technological data, have increased in economic value frequently has caused us to be far less open with information than business and free enterprise require us to be. Indeed, the worldwide shift to what is known as open innovation is strengthening every day. Finally, since the end of World War II, the realities of modern military conflict and now terrorism have led governments to restrict information through classification. This is important, but I believe that we classify far too much information. The last thing we need today, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, is further arbitrary limitations on the free flow of scientific information, whether by policies established by governments and businesses, or by lack of information infrastructure. For all these reasons, the international sharing of scientific data is one of the topics of great interest here at the National Academies and has been the subject of many of our past reports. This is the primary reason why this symposium has been co-organized by the NRC's Policy and Global Affairs Division-the Board on International Scientific Organizations (BISO) and the Board on Research Data and Information (BRDI). The Case for International Sharing of Scientific Data: A Focus on Developing Countries: Proceedings of a Symposium summarizes the symposium.
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform. Subcommittee on Government Management, Information, and Technology
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Author: HB Goldsmith
Publisher: Google Book Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
The book 'Science: The Corner Curiosity' targets researchers and scientists worldwide. The book covers classical, conventional, and emergent topics including science's history from ancient times to the present. It covers various scientific topics, knowledge development, scientific research, the scientific community, science and society, and science philosophy. It exhibits post-scientific revolution politics, antiscience movements, metascience, discoveries, innovations, psychology and sociology of science, scientific methodology, and scientometrics. These topics are for prospective researchers and project fellows seeking advanced degrees in science. Science communication, literature, journalism, and revolution are also covered in this book. The author thanks his colleagues and contemporaries for their helpful advice, timely comments, and relevant perspectives. Researchers worldwide will find this work comprehensive and useful. The author is grateful to 'The Almighty Living God (The Supernatural Energy of The Third World)' for helping him in creating this work. May scientists globally get deep understanding in all fields !
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309112095
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) collects, manages, and disseminates a wide range of climate, weather, ecosystem and other environmental data that are used by scientists, engineers, resource managers, policy makers, and others in the United States and around the world. The increasing volume and diversity of NOAA's data holdings - which include everything from satellite images of clouds to the stomach contents of fish - and a large number of users present NOAA with substantial data management challenges. NOAA asked the National Research Council to help identify the observations, model output, and other environmental information that must be preserved in perpetuity and made readily accessible, as opposed to data with more limited storage lifetime and accessibility requirements. This report offers nine general principles for effective environmental data management, along with a number of more specific guidelines and examples that explain and illustrate how these principles could be applied at NOAA.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264178708
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246
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Book Description
Based on case studies, this book presents lessons and good practices on a range of governance mechanisms used for international co-operation in STI to address global challenges.
Author: World Intellectual Property Organization
Publisher: WIPO
ISBN: 9280508474
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 231
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Book Description
The papers published in this volume were presented at a panel discussion titled "Intellectual Property and Human Rights", organized by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), in collaboration with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), on November 9, 1998.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Public health
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
