Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264079149
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 106
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper (DRP) provides the current state-of-the-knowledge in the area of amphibian metamorphosis with the view to use amphibian metamorphosis as a model for the detection of chemicals affecting the thyroid axis in vertebrates.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals / OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper on Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay for the Detection of Thyroid Active Substances
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264079149
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 106
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper (DRP) provides the current state-of-the-knowledge in the area of amphibian metamorphosis with the view to use amphibian metamorphosis as a model for the detection of chemicals affecting the thyroid axis in vertebrates.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264079149
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 106
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper (DRP) provides the current state-of-the-knowledge in the area of amphibian metamorphosis with the view to use amphibian metamorphosis as a model for the detection of chemicals affecting the thyroid axis in vertebrates.
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals, Section 2 Test No. 231: Amphibian Metamorphosis Assay
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264076247
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
Book Description
This Test Guideline describes an amphibian metamorphosis assay intended to screen substances which may interfere with the normal functioning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. The assay was validated with the species Xenopus laevis, which is ...
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264076247
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 33
Book Description
This Test Guideline describes an amphibian metamorphosis assay intended to screen substances which may interfere with the normal functioning of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis. The assay was validated with the species Xenopus laevis, which is ...
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper on the Use of Metabolising Systems for In Vitro Testing of Endocrine Disruptors
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264085491
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 95
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper describes some endocrine pathways that have been shown to be susceptible to environmental endocrine disruption and whose disruption could contribute to increasing incidents of some disorders in humans and wildlife populations.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264085491
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 95
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper describes some endocrine pathways that have been shown to be susceptible to environmental endocrine disruption and whose disruption could contribute to increasing incidents of some disorders in humans and wildlife populations.
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper on the State of the Science on Novel In Vitro and In Vivo Screening and Testing Methods and Endpoints for Evaluating Endocrine Disruptors
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264221352
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 213
Book Description
This paper provides methods for both the mechanistic evaluation of the action of Endocrine Disrupter Chemicals (EDCs).
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264221352
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 213
Book Description
This paper provides methods for both the mechanistic evaluation of the action of Endocrine Disrupter Chemicals (EDCs).
OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals / OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper on Fish Screening Assays for the Detection of Endocrine Active Substances
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264079157
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper (DRP) is intended to provide the current state-of-the-knowledge in the area of fish screening assays for chemicals active at the endocrine level on the reproductive system of test animals.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264079157
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 170
Book Description
This Detailed Review Paper (DRP) is intended to provide the current state-of-the-knowledge in the area of fish screening assays for chemicals active at the endocrine level on the reproductive system of test animals.
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Detailed Review Paper (DRP) on Molluscs Life-cycle Toxicity Testing
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264221468
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
This paper reviews what is known about the responses of molluscs to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), to consider whether it would be desirable and feasible to standardise mollusc-based partial- and full-lifecycle tests that are sensitive to EDCs and to other chemicals.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264221468
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Book Description
This paper reviews what is known about the responses of molluscs to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), to consider whether it would be desirable and feasible to standardise mollusc-based partial- and full-lifecycle tests that are sensitive to EDCs and to other chemicals.
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment The Adverse Outcome Pathway for Skin Sensitisation Initiated by Covalent Binding to Proteins
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264221441
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 105
Book Description
This document describes the state of knowledge of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins, assesses the weight-of-evidence supporting the AOP, identifies the key events, and identifies databases containing test results related to key events.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264221441
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 105
Book Description
This document describes the state of knowledge of the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) for skin sensitisation initiated by covalent binding to proteins, assesses the weight-of-evidence supporting the AOP, identifies the key events, and identifies databases containing test results related to key events.
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Current Approaches in the Statistical Analysis of Ecotoxicity Data A guidance to application (annexes to this publication exist as a separate document)
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264085270
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 147
Book Description
This document describes the main statistical methods used for analysis of data from ecotoxicological studies .
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264085270
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 147
Book Description
This document describes the main statistical methods used for analysis of data from ecotoxicological studies .
OECD Series on Testing and Assessment Guidance on Grouping of Chemicals
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264085831
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 99
Book Description
This guidance document provides guidance for assessing the hazards of chemical substances while gaining efficiencies and improving animal welfare. The approach described in this guidance document is to consider closely related chemicals as a group, or category, rather than as individual chemicals.
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264085831
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 99
Book Description
This guidance document provides guidance for assessing the hazards of chemical substances while gaining efficiencies and improving animal welfare. The approach described in this guidance document is to consider closely related chemicals as a group, or category, rather than as individual chemicals.
Principles of Toxicology Testing, Second Edition
Author: Frank A Barile
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1842145282
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
Nationally, toxicology programs have evolved from a traditional exploration of the chemistry and applied toxicity of chemicals and drugs to a more comprehensive study of toxicology and toxicology testing as independent entities. Consequently, the second edition of Principles of Toxicology Testing starts with basic toxicological principles, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of toxins, including chemicals and drugs. The book then continues with animal (in vivo) and in vitro toxicology testing methods associated with toxicological analysis and preclinical drug development. As in the first edition, the book begins with an introduction into the fundamentals of toxicology (Section I) to prepare readers for the subsequent topics and continues through with a discussion of toxicokinetics and human risk assessment. This introductory material is useful in understanding the applications of toxicology testing. Section II describes the fundamental principles of toxicology testing in animals in greater detail. This section describes acute toxicity studies as well as subchronic and chronic studies performed on animals. Special emphasis is placed on study design and determination of classical indicators for acute and chronic testing, such as the LD50. The book examines other short- and long-term animal toxicity testing methodologies, including dermal, ocular, and reproductive toxicity testing. In addition, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies are also discussed in separate chapters. Section III introduces and discusses in vitro alternatives to animal toxicology tests. This section emphasizes cell culture methodology and cellular methods for acute systemic toxicity, target organ toxicity, and local toxicity. The contributors present the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods. They also describe the use of high-throughput screening and its applications, the concepts of standardization and validation of in vitro techniques (especially large, organized validation efforts currently supported by US and EU regulatory agencies), and the theories supporting the development of in vitro methodologies. This second edition is a must-read for undergraduate and graduate toxicology students. Industrial and academic research centers will also find the text useful for establishing a toxicology testing laboratory.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1842145282
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368
Book Description
Nationally, toxicology programs have evolved from a traditional exploration of the chemistry and applied toxicity of chemicals and drugs to a more comprehensive study of toxicology and toxicology testing as independent entities. Consequently, the second edition of Principles of Toxicology Testing starts with basic toxicological principles, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of toxins, including chemicals and drugs. The book then continues with animal (in vivo) and in vitro toxicology testing methods associated with toxicological analysis and preclinical drug development. As in the first edition, the book begins with an introduction into the fundamentals of toxicology (Section I) to prepare readers for the subsequent topics and continues through with a discussion of toxicokinetics and human risk assessment. This introductory material is useful in understanding the applications of toxicology testing. Section II describes the fundamental principles of toxicology testing in animals in greater detail. This section describes acute toxicity studies as well as subchronic and chronic studies performed on animals. Special emphasis is placed on study design and determination of classical indicators for acute and chronic testing, such as the LD50. The book examines other short- and long-term animal toxicity testing methodologies, including dermal, ocular, and reproductive toxicity testing. In addition, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity studies are also discussed in separate chapters. Section III introduces and discusses in vitro alternatives to animal toxicology tests. This section emphasizes cell culture methodology and cellular methods for acute systemic toxicity, target organ toxicity, and local toxicity. The contributors present the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods. They also describe the use of high-throughput screening and its applications, the concepts of standardization and validation of in vitro techniques (especially large, organized validation efforts currently supported by US and EU regulatory agencies), and the theories supporting the development of in vitro methodologies. This second edition is a must-read for undergraduate and graduate toxicology students. Industrial and academic research centers will also find the text useful for establishing a toxicology testing laboratory.