Tax Challenges Arising from Digitalisation – Interim Report 2018 PDF Download
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Author: Collectif
Publisher: OECD
ISBN: 9264301763
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
This interim report of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS is a follow-up to the work delivered in 2015 under Action 1 of the BEPS Project on addressing the tax challenges of the digital economy. It sets out the Inclusive Framework’s agreed direction of work on digitalisation and the international tax rules through to 2020. It describes how digitalisation is also affecting other areas of the tax system, providing tax authorities with new tools that are translating into improvements in taxpayer services, improving the efficiency of tax collection and detecting tax evasion.
Author: Collectif
Publisher: OECD
ISBN: 9264301763
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
This interim report of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS is a follow-up to the work delivered in 2015 under Action 1 of the BEPS Project on addressing the tax challenges of the digital economy. It sets out the Inclusive Framework’s agreed direction of work on digitalisation and the international tax rules through to 2020. It describes how digitalisation is also affecting other areas of the tax system, providing tax authorities with new tools that are translating into improvements in taxpayer services, improving the efficiency of tax collection and detecting tax evasion.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264293086
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
This interim report of the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS is a follow-up to the work delivered in 2015 under Action 1 of the BEPS Project on addressing the tax challenges of the digital economy.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264278796
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 104
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Book Description
This 2017 report sets out recommendations for branch mismatch rules that would bring the treatment of these structures into line with the treatment of hybrid mismatch arrangements as set out in the 2015 Report on Neutralising the Effects of Hybrids Mismatch Arrangements (Action 2 Report).
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264494839
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
In May 2019, the Inclusive Framework adopted a Programme of Work, which was endorsed by the G20 Finance Ministers and G20 Leaders in June 2019. The Programme of Work outlined proposals in two pillars that could form the basis for a multilateral consensus-based solution. This report presents an ex ante analysis of the economic and tax revenue implications of the Pillar One and Pillar Two proposals under discussion by the Inclusive Framework as part of its work to address the tax challenges arising from the digitalisation of the economy.
Author: Valentin Bendlinger
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403532971
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 449
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Book Description
Rarely in the history of international tax law have there been so many evolutions in such a short space of time: In a dizzying array of reports, work programmes, consultations and announcements, the OECD, with the active support of the EU, has created a framework for a global minimum tax (Pillar Two or GloBE). In the meanwhile, jurisdictions are faced with the practical difficulties of incorporating an incredibly complex set of rules into their domestic legal systems. This book aims to shed light on the fundamental and technical issues surrounding the global minimum tax. It seeks to unravel the complex ramifications of GloBE’s technical framework and aims to explore the relationship between the OECD’s soft law materials, including the OECD’s GloBE Model Rules and the GloBE Commentary, tax treaties and the EU’s recently adopted GloBE-Directive. The author not only analyses Pillar Two from a technical and a policy perspective but also provides for a comprehensive examination of the compatibility of Pillar Two with tax treaties and EU law. To this end, the analysis also includes practical examples and illustrates solutions to numerous technical and policy issues of Pillar Two. Among the seminal matters covered are the following: History and Background of the global minimum tax discussion. Detailed technical considerations on the design of Pillar Two, including its scope, the determination of both the ‘GloBE Income’ as well as the ‘Adjusted Covered Taxes’ and the computation of the effective tax rate as well as the computation and collection of the final ‘Top-up Tax’ liability, including the application of the QDMTT, IIR, and UTPR. Tax policy implications and deficiencies of the final design of Pillar Two. The relation of Pillar Two to the current distribution of taxing rights under bilateral tax treaties. The analysis includes the compatibility of the QDMTT, IIR, and UTPR with existing tax treaties and the resolution of potential normative conflicts, both between tax treaties and domestic implementations of Pillar Two as well as between tax treaties concluded by EU Member States and the EU’s GloBE-Directive. The role of the GloBE-Directive within the EU’s legal order, including the issue of EU internal and external competence as well as the substantive compatibility of Pillar Two with primary law, such as the fundamental freedoms. Detailed comparisons between the OECD’s GloBE Model Rules and the EU’s GloBE-Directive elucidate common points and deviations. In addition to comprehensive technical considerations, the book also provides a comprehensive tax policy perspective on the global minimum tax. For its unparalleled clarification of the issues alone, this book will prove invaluable to practitioners, tax authorities, policymakers, and academics concerned with the implementation and application of Pillar Two. ‘Valentin Bendlinger’s book is an outstandingly remarkable work on a highly complex topic. The structure, clarity of thinking, and legal argumentation are excellent, and the legal and policy results throughout are profoundly argued. The book successfully ties together broad concepts of international and European (tax) law with highly complex and novel issues of the taxation of multinational enterprises. It should be highlighted that Valentin Bendlinger succeeded in leading the reader from the history and policy through a “jungle” of unprecedented rules to overarching fundamental issues of how the new taxation framework is to be placed in the international and European legal order.’ – Prof. DDr Georg Kofler, LLM (NYU), Vienna University of Economics and Business.
Author: Richard Krever
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403506156
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
The Allocation of Multinational Business Income: Reassessing the Formulary Apportionment Option Edited by Richard Krever & François Vaillancourt Although arm’s length methodology continues to prevail in international taxation policy, it has long been replaced by the formulary apportionment method at the subnational level in a few federal countries. Its use is planned for international profit allocation as an element of the European Union’s CCCTB proposals. In this timely book – a global guide to formulary apportionment, both as it exists in practice and how it might function internationally – a knowledgeable group of contributors from Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States, address this actively debated topic, both in respect of its technical aspects and its promise as a global response to the avoidance, distortions, and unfairness of current allocation systems. Drawing on a wealth of literature considering formulary apportionment in the international sphere and considering decades of experience with the system in the states and provinces of the United States and Canada, the contributors explicate and examine such pertinent issues as the following: the debate about what factors should be used to allocate profits under a formulary apportionment system and experience in jurisdictions using formulary apportionment; application of formulary apportionment in specific sectors such as digital enterprises and the banking industry; the political economy of establishing and maintaining a successful formulary apportionment regime; formulary apportionment proposals for Europe; the role of traditional tax criteria such as economic efficiency, fairness, ease of administration, and robustness to avoidance and incentive compatibility; determining which parts of a multinational group are included in a formulary apportionment unit; and whether innovative profit-split methodologies such as those developed by China are shifting traditional arm’s length methods to a quasi-formulary apportionment system. Providing a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of the formulary apportionment option, this state of the art summary of history, current practice, proposals and prospects in the ongoing debate over arm’s length versus formulary apportionment methodologies will be welcomed by practitioners, policy-makers, and academics concerned with international taxation, all of whom will gain an understanding of the case put forward by proponents for adoption of formulary apportionment in Europe and globally and the counter-arguments they face. Readers will acquire a better understanding of the implications of formulary apportionment and its central role in the current debate about the future of international taxation rules. “...providing (sic) all the intellectual ammunition needed to carefully re-examine one of the ideas traditionally considered as apocryphal by the OECD and to a significant portion of the tax professional community...readers of this book will come away not only with a renewed understanding of the multiple facets of formulary apportionment, but also of some of the fundamental pressure points in the international tax system. Accordingly, it is a welcome and timely addition to the literature. ” Dr. Stjepan Gadžo, Assistant Professor at University of Rijeka, Faculty of Law / British Tax Review 2021, Issue 2, p243-246
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264218785
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Book Description
This book presents an analysis of the challenges the spread of the digital economy poses for international taxation.
Author: Kuldeep Sharma
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9403511664
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
Worldwide implementation of the OECD’s Global Anti-Base Erosion Rules (GloBE Rules), published in December 2021, promises to strike a powerful blow at the tax avoidance rampantly indulged in by many multinational corporations since global minimum tax rate of 15% in all countries is expected to curb shifting of profits from higher tax jurisdiction to lower tax jurisdiction or tax havens. As Inclusive Framework (IF) Member jurisdictions prepare to implement legislation, the tax law community worldwide can turn to this extraordinarily practical, self-contained book for a complete understanding of the background and attributes of the Rules. The book includes such features as the following: text of each of the Rules’ ten chapters (including all forty-nine articles) along with both summary and detailed description; explanations of the Commentary and Illustrative Examples released by the OECD in March 2022; numerous flowcharts, tables, boxes, illustrations, and figures; elaborate technical discussions amidst specific policy considerations; analysis of IF Member jurisdictions regarding key parameters with suitable recommendations; ‘GloBE Rules at a Glance’ checklist encapsulating the features and application of the Rules in the form of FAQs; and implementation processes under way in ten representative jurisdictions. The various publications and releases by the OECD up to 31 May 2022 are considered and duly explained. In the struggle to curb harmful tax competition and aggressive tax planning, it is possible that the GloBE Rules will at last succeed in creating a level playing field in the realm of taxation. And given that OECD guidance and tax expert analysis may not suffice to fully comprehend the complexity of the Rules, this book will prove of enormous value among a wide array of stakeholders, including taxation authorities, tax advisors and lawyers, and academics. Also, multinational enterprises will get enough information to derive maximum benefits in terms of their preparedness, readiness, and responses to implementation of the Rules.
Author: Ajay Agrawal
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226833127
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.
Author: Popescu, Cristina Raluca Gh.
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1668425254
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
The COVID-19 pandemic has shocked every part of society. The rise of businesses to the important task of improving sustainability and responsibility has been interrupted by the stress of the pandemic. In its wake, organizational leaders must reassess the best strategies considering the changes made by the “new normal.” The Handbook of Research on Changing Dynamics in Responsible and Sustainable Business in the Post-COVID-19 Era provides valuable insight of the significant changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of defining, characterizing, presenting, and understanding the meaning, challenges, and implications of responsible and sustainable business. Covering topics such as consumerism, supply chain management, and sustainable organizational performance, this major reference work is an excellent resource for academicians, scientists, researchers, students, business specialists, business leaders, consultants, government institutions, and policymakers.
