OECD Economic Surveys: France 2021

OECD Economic Surveys: France 2021 PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264891242
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 147

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Book Description
The French economy rebounded quickly following the COVID-19 crisis, in particular thanks to the acceleration of the vaccination campaign and strong public support measures. Rapid and effective implementation of the recovery and investment plans would help support stronger and more sustainable growth.

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1976

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1976 PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264150897
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 67

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Book Description
OECD's 1976 Economic Survey of Portugal examines the main structural changes in the Portuguese economy, developments since 1974 and economic policy, and problems of economic policy before drawing a series of conclusions.

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1977

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1977 PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264152059
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 63

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Book Description
OECD's 1977 Economic Survey of Portugal examines trends of demand and output; problems relating to employment, inflation, and the external deficit; broad lines of economic policy; and prospects and policy issues.

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1979

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1979 PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264152539
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 75

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Book Description
OECD's 1979 Economic Survey of Portugal examines recent economic trends, foreign trade and payments, economic policy and economic prospects before drawing a series of policy conclusions.

Emigration and Its Economic Impact on Eastern Europe

Emigration and Its Economic Impact on Eastern Europe PDF Author: Mr.Ruben Atoyan
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498367453
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 48

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Book Description
This paper analyses the impact of large and persistent emigration from Eastern European countries over the past 25 years on these countries’ growth and income convergence to advanced Europe. While emigration has likely benefited migrants themselves, the receiving countries and the EU as a whole, its impact on sending countries’ economies has been largely negative. The analysis suggests that labor outflows, particularly of skilled workers, lowered productivity growth, pushed up wages, and slowed growth and income convergence. At the same time, while remittance inflows supported financial deepening, consumption and investment in some countries, they also reduced incentives to work and led to exchange rate appreciations, eroding competiveness. The departure of the young also added to the fiscal pressures of already aging populations in Eastern Europe. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for sending countries to mitigate the negative impact of emigration on their economies, and the EU-wide initiatives that could support these efforts.

OECD Economic Surveys: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 2002

OECD Economic Surveys: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 2002 PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264099441
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 181

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Book Description
OECD's 2002 Economic Survey of Yugoslavia looks at the recent economic deline, macroeconomic performance and policy, small business and entrepreneurship, the enterprise sector and privatisation, and trade and competitiveness.

OECD Economic Surveys: Belgium 2020

OECD Economic Surveys: Belgium 2020 PDF Author: Oecd
Publisher: Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
ISBN: 9789264911161
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 122

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Book Description
Swiss citizens continue to enjoy high living standards on a range of dimensions. Economic growth has slowed but the healthy labour market is still supporting incomes and consumption. However, risks to the outlook are building. Monetary policy has been very accommodative but low interest rates are adding to financial risks. Fiscal policy is sound and debt low. There is scope to make greater use of available fiscal space. Adapting to population ageing is becoming pressing. This trend, along with digital transformation, will bring new opportunities for the economy and society, but challenges as well. Policies have not kept up with rising life expectancy, particularly the statutory retirement age. Updating the pension system and lowering barriers to working longer would ensure that workers continue to receive adequate incomes during retirement. Ageing will also pressure health care spending and increase demand for long-term care. Policies to contain costs and reduce fragmentation in the system can help maintain access to quality care. Switzerland is well placed to seize the opportunities offered by new technologies. Addressing the barriers to adoption, improving the availability of information and helping workers adapt will enable firms, individuals and governments to reap the benefits of digitalisation. SPECIAL FEATURE: POLICIES FOR AN AGEING SOCIETY

Making It Big

Making It Big PDF Author: Andrea Ciani
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464815585
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 187

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Book Description
Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries.Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top” of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants.This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1989

OECD Economic Surveys: Portugal 1989 PDF Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264160469
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 123

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Book Description
OECD's 1989 Economic Survey of Portugal examines recent economic trends, economic policy and short-term prospects, macroeconomic disequilibria and the public sector, and improved functioning of markets before drawing a series of conclusions.

Forty Years of Uranium Resources, Production and Demand in Perspective

Forty Years of Uranium Resources, Production and Demand in Perspective PDF Author: OECD Nuclear Energy Agency
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 292

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Book Description
The "Red Book", jointly prepared by the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency, is a recognised world reference source on the uranium industry. This publication collates and analyses key information drawn from the twenty editions of the Red Book published between 1965 and 2004, in order to set out a comprehensive review of developments in the world uranium industry from the birth of civilian nuclear energy through to the beginning of the 21st century. It summarises developments in the major uranium-producing countries and topics covered include: installed nuclear capacity, reactor-related uranium requirements, market price, exploration, resources, production, natural and enriched uranium inventories, thorium, mine start-up and closure histories, environmental aspects of uranium mining and processing.