Observed and Calculated Properties of Mid-level, Mixed-phase Clouds PDF Download
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Author: Curtis J. Seaman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cloud physics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Author: Curtis J. Seaman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cloud physics
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Author: Constantin Andronache
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 012810550X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Mixed-Phase Clouds: Observations and Modeling presents advanced research topics on mixed-phase clouds. As the societal impacts of extreme weather and its forecasting grow, there is a continuous need to refine atmospheric observations, techniques and numerical models. Understanding the role of clouds in the atmosphere is increasingly vital for current applications, such as prediction and prevention of aircraft icing, weather modification, and the assessment of the effects of cloud phase partition in climate models. This book provides the essential information needed to address these problems with a focus on current observations, simulations and applications. - Provides in-depth knowledge and simulation of mixed-phase clouds over many regions of Earth, explaining their role in weather and climate - Features current research examples and case studies, including those on advanced research methods from authors with experience in both academia and the industry - Discusses the latest advances in this subject area, providing the reader with access to best practices for remote sensing and numerical modeling
Author: Robert P. Fleishauer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781423527428
Category : Atmospheric
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Airborne measurements of six mid-level clouds observed over the Great Plains of the United States in late 1999 and early 2000 are analyzed extensively. All cloud fields are associated with a 500-mb low-pressure center or a potential vorticity maximum, with additional lift provided by upper-level jet streams. Data show that these innocuous looking clouds display complicated microphysical and thermodynamic structures. Five of six cases include mixed- phase conditions in temperatures ranging from near freezing to -3l C, at altitudes of 2400 to 7200 m. Four of the cases consist of a single cloud layer, while the other two are multi-layered systems. Of particular note, in single- layered clouds, there is an increase of liquid water content with height versus a decrease in ice water content over the same depth. This is in contrast to multi-layered systems, where the liquid water content has the same basic shape, but the ice water content is distributed more uniformly throughout all layers. We attribute these structural differences to a seeder-feeder mechanism operating in the multi-layered systems. A lack of temperature inversions in these mid- level clouds is a major difference from the thermodynamic structure of most stratocumulus systems. We found the virtual potential temperature to be the best discriminator of cloud interfaces for mid-level clouds, with 1-2 C differences between ambient and cloud air. A noteworthy contribution to this observational study was the use of the Cloud Particle Imager (CPI) instrument for the qualitative analysis of the particle sizes, shapes, habits, and distributions through the cloud. An analysis of the liquid water budget of a Lagrangian cloud sample revealed that large-scale subsidence was the main mechanism responsible for its dissipation. Heating rates and fluxes are computed for each cloud using a single-column radiative transfer model. OBSERVED MICROPHYSICAL AND RADIATIVE STRUCTURE OF MID-LEVEL, MIXED-PHASE CLOUDS
Author: David D. Turner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
Author: Loewe, Katharina
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
ISBN: 3731506866
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
This work provides new insights into macro- and microphysical properties of Arctic mixed-phase clouds: first, by comparing semi-idealized large eddy simulations with observations; second, by dissecting the influences of different surface types and boundary layer structures on Arctic mixed- phase clouds; third, by elucidating the dissipation process; and finally by analyzing the main microphysical processes inside Arctic mixed-phase clouds.
Author: Robyn D. Williams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cloud physics
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Cirrus clouds cover between 20% - 50% of the globe and are an essential component in the climate. The improved understanding of ice cloud microphysical properties is contingent on acquiring and analyzing in-situ and remote sensing data from cirrus clouds. In-situ observations of microphysical properties of ice and mixed-phase clouds using the mini-Video Ice Particle Sizer (mini-VIPS) aboard robotic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide a promising and powerful platform for obtaining valuable data in a cost-effective, safe, and long-term manner. The purpose of this study is to better understand cirrus microphysical properties by analyzing the effectiveness of the mini-VIPS/UAV in-situ platform. The specific goals include: (1) To validate the mini-VIPS performance by comparing the mini-VIPS data retrieved during an Artic UAV mission with data retrieved from the millimeterwavelength cloud radar (MMCR) at the Barrow ARM/CART site. (2) To analyze mini-VIPS data to survey the properties of high latitude mixedphase clouds The intercomparison between in-situ and remote sensing measurements was carried out by comparing reflectivity values calculated from in-situ measurements with observations from the MMCR facility. Good agreement between observations and measurements is obtained during the time frame where the sampled volume was saturated with respect to ice. We also have 12 shown that the degree of closure between calculated and observed reflectivity strongly correlates with the assumption of ice crystal geometry observed in the mini-VIPS images. The good correlation increases the confidence in mini-VIPS and MMCR measurements. Finally, the size distribution and ice crystal geometry obtained from the data analysis is consistent with published literature for similar conditions of temperature and ice supersaturation.
Author: Thomas D. Potter
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471214906
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1030
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Book Description
This comprehensive, two-volume review of the atmospheric and hydrologic sciences promises to be the definitive reference for both professionals and laypersons for years to come. Volume I addresses atmospheric dynamics, physical meteorology, weather systems, and measurements, while Volume II contains information on the climate system, atmospheric chemistry, hydrology, and societal impacts.
Author: M. Shupe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Recent in situ observations in stratiform clouds suggest that mixed phase regimes, here defined as limited cloud volumes containing both liquid and solid water, are constrained to narrow layers (order 100 m) separating all-liquid and fully glaciated volumes (Hallett and Viddaurre, 2005). The Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program's (DOE-ARM, Ackerman and Stokes, 2003) North Slope of Alaska (NSA) ARM Climate Research Facility (ACRF) recently started collecting routine measurement of radar Doppler velocity power spectra from the Millimeter Cloud Radar (MMCR). Shupe et al. (2004) showed that Doppler spectra has potential to separate the contributions to the total reflectivity of the liquid and solid water in the radar volume, and thus to investigate further Hallett and Viddaurre's findings. The Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (MPACE) was conducted along the NSA to investigate the properties of Arctic mixed phase clouds (Verlinde et al., 2006). We present surface based remote sensing data from MPACE to discuss the fine-scale structure of the mixed-phase clouds observed during this experiment.
Author: Yishi Hu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Boundary layer (Meteorology)
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
A multi-day period (February 23-26, 2018) of post-frontal shallow convective mixed-phase clouds observed during the shipborne Measurements of Aerosols, Radiation and CloUds over the Southern Ocean (MARCUS) field campaign is studied using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with the aim of understanding ice production as well as model sensitivity to ice process parameterizations. The Cloud-resolving model Radar SIMulator (CRSIM) is firstly used in this study to convert WRF S-band output into W-band radar observables. Comparisons between the observations and simulations suggest that the model captures the observed synoptic pattern and shallow convective nature of the mixed-phase clouds. The simulated clouds are mostly precipitating and liquid dominated. Interestingly, the control simulation significantly underestimates the ice content and overestimates the supercooled liquid water, which is contrary to the bias common in global climate models. Sensitivity simulations targeted at ice production processes suggest that the rime splintering process is not a primary contributor and that the simulated clouds show negligible sensitivity to cloud droplet number concentrations. Higher number concentrations of ice nuclei do not guarantee more ice production overall. However, the simulated mixed-phase clouds are found to be highly sensitive to the implementation of immersion freezing and condensation/deposition freezing. By increasing immersion freezing of cloud droplets or relaxing thresholds for condensation/deposition freezing, the model significantly improves its performance in producing ice. The key results of this work call for an increase in observations of ice nuclei, especially over the remote Southern Ocean and at relatively high temperatures.
Author: Katharina Loewe
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781013281204
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Book Description
This work provides new insights into macro- and microphysical properties of Arctic mixed-phase clouds: first, by comparing semi-idealized large eddy simulations with observations; second, by dissecting the influences of different surface types and boundary layer structures on Arctic mixed- phase clouds; third, by elucidating the dissipation process; and finally by analyzing the main microphysical processes inside Arctic mixed-phase clouds. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
