Nuevas Estrategias de Tratamiento de Muestra Para la Determinación de Contaminantes Orgánicos en Matrices Medioambientales PDF Download
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Author: Ana María Casas Ferreira
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
El objeto general de esta memoria consiste en proponer y desarrollar nuevas estrategias de tratamiento de muestra para la determinación de contaminantes orgánicos en matrices medioambientales. En muchos casos, cuando se trabaja con diferentes matrices, tales como aguas o suelos, es necesaria la utilización de técnicas de pretratamiento de muestra previas al análisis instrumental, cuyo objetivo principal es aislar los analitos de interés del resto de componentes presentes en la matriz original. Normalmente, esta etapa es la más compleja del proceso analítico y donde se comete un mayor número de errores. Consecuentemente, cuanto menor sea la manipulación de la muestra en la misma, mayor será la calidad de los resultados obtenidos. Dentro de esta tendencia se engloban las metodologías propuestas en este trabajo. En cuanto a las muestras estudiadas, se han considerado diferentes matrices ambientales: aguas y suelos. Respecto a los analitos determinados, su selección se ha llevado a cabo en base a su demostrada toxicidad para el medio ambiente (clorofenoles, compuestos volátiles halogenados o clorobencenos), o a la falta de información de su efecto en el medio ambiente (contaminantes emergentes, compuestos farmacéuticos o pertenecientes a productos de cuidado personal).
Author: Ana María Casas Ferreira
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
El objeto general de esta memoria consiste en proponer y desarrollar nuevas estrategias de tratamiento de muestra para la determinación de contaminantes orgánicos en matrices medioambientales. En muchos casos, cuando se trabaja con diferentes matrices, tales como aguas o suelos, es necesaria la utilización de técnicas de pretratamiento de muestra previas al análisis instrumental, cuyo objetivo principal es aislar los analitos de interés del resto de componentes presentes en la matriz original. Normalmente, esta etapa es la más compleja del proceso analítico y donde se comete un mayor número de errores. Consecuentemente, cuanto menor sea la manipulación de la muestra en la misma, mayor será la calidad de los resultados obtenidos. Dentro de esta tendencia se engloban las metodologías propuestas en este trabajo. En cuanto a las muestras estudiadas, se han considerado diferentes matrices ambientales: aguas y suelos. Respecto a los analitos determinados, su selección se ha llevado a cabo en base a su demostrada toxicidad para el medio ambiente (clorofenoles, compuestos volátiles halogenados o clorobencenos), o a la falta de información de su efecto en el medio ambiente (contaminantes emergentes, compuestos farmacéuticos o pertenecientes a productos de cuidado personal).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : es
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Author: Commission for Environmental Cooperation (Montréal, Québec). Secretariat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The North American Mosaic has four overarching features. First, it is, to the extent feasible, based on comparable information on the status and trends of major indicators of the state of the environment in Canada,Mexico, and the United States. Second, the report confirms that these three countries together make up an incredibly complex, dynamic, and interconnected ecosystem in which humans play a dominant and decisive role. Third, the report raises important and sometimes disquieting questions concerning the sustainability of some current trends. Finally, the report is a reminder that our economic, social, and physical well-being are utterly dependent on the life-sustaining services provided by nature. This report emphasizes the importance of developing mutually compatible economic, social, and environmental goals and policies across the three-country region.
Author: Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780404638
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
In 1982 the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control (IAWPRC), as it was then called, established a Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for Design and Operation of Activated Sludge Processes. The aim of the Task Group was to create a common platform that could be used for the future development of models for COD and N removal with a minimum of complexity. As the collaborative result of the work of several modelling groups, the Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) was published in 1987, exactly 25 years ago. The ASM1 can be considered as the reference model, since this model triggered the general acceptance of wastewater treatment modelling, first in the research community and later on also in practice. ASM1 has become a reference for many scientific and practical projects, and has been implemented (in some cases with modifications) in most of the commercial software available for modelling and simulation of plants for N removal. The models have grown more complex over the years, from ASM1, including N removal processes, to ASM2 (and its variations) including P removal processes, and ASM3 that corrects the deficiencies of ASM1 and is based on a metabolic approach to modelling. So far, ASM1 is the most widely applied. Applications of Activated Sludge Models has been prepared in celebration of 25 years of ASM1 and in tribute to the activated sludge modelling pioneer, the late Professor G.v.R. Marrais. It consists of a dozen of practical applications for ASM models to model development, plant optimization, extension, upgrade, retrofit and troubleshooting, carried out by the members of the Delft modelling group over the last two decades.
Author: C. Melber
Publisher: WHO
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
On cover: IPCS International Programme on Chemical Safety. Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organization and the World Health Organization, and produced within the framework of the Inter-organization Programme for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC)
Author: Elizabeth Tilley
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783906484570
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Author: Mogens Henze
Publisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 170
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Book Description
For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.
Author: Metcalf & Eddy, Inc., an AECOM Company
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071508775
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1610
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Book Description
An Integrated Approach to Managing the World's Water Resources Water Reuse: Issues, Technologies, and Applications equips water/wastewater students, engineers, scientists, and professionals with a definitive account of the latest water reclamation, recycling, and reuse theory and practice. This landmark textbook presents an integrated approach to all aspects of water reuse _ from public health protection to water quality criteria and regulations to advanced technology to implementation issues. Filled with over 500 detailed illustrations and photographs, Water Reuse: Issues, Technology, and Applications features: In-depth coverage of cutting-edge water reclamation and reuse applications Current issues and developments in public health and environmental protection criteria, regulations, and risk management Review of current advanced treatment technologies, new developments, and practices Special emphasis on process reliability and multiple barrier concepts approach Consideration of satellite and decentralized water reuse facilities Consideration of planning and public participation of water reuse Inside This Landmark Water/Wastewater Management Tool • Water Reuse: An Introduction • Health and Environmental Concerns in Water Reuse • Technologies and Systems for Water Reclamation and Reuse • Water Reuse Applications • Implementing Water Reuse
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
This edition of the World Bank has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit in the Languages Services Division of the World Bank in collaboration with the English, Spanish, and French Translation Sections. The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using French and Spanish in their work, and free-lance translator's and interpreters employed by the Bank. For this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of these terms, relating to such fields as agriculture, education, energy, housing, law, technology, and transportation, could be found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference. A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in the Glossary) and a list of international, regional, and national organizations will be found at the end of the Glossary.
Author: William McDonough
Publisher: North Point Press
ISBN: 1429973846
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Book Description
A manifesto for a radically different philosophy and practice of manufacture and environmentalism "Reduce, reuse, recycle" urge environmentalists; in other words, do more with less in order to minimize damage. But as this provocative, visionary book argues, this approach perpetuates a one-way, "cradle to grave" manufacturing model that dates to the Industrial Revolution and casts off as much as 90 percent of the materials it uses as waste, much of it toxic. Why not challenge the notion that human industry must inevitably damage the natural world? In fact, why not take nature itself as our model? A tree produces thousands of blossoms in order to create another tree, yet we do not consider its abundance wasteful but safe, beautiful, and highly effective; hence, "waste equals food" is the first principle the book sets forth. Products might be designed so that, after their useful life, they provide nourishment for something new-either as "biological nutrients" that safely re-enter the environment or as "technical nutrients" that circulate within closed-loop industrial cycles, without being "downcycled" into low-grade uses (as most "recyclables" now are). Elaborating their principles from experience (re)designing everything from carpeting to corporate campuses, William McDonough and Michael Braungart make an exciting and viable case for change.
