Nonlinear Dynamics of Blood Flow in Simple Microvascular Networks PDF Download
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Author: Fan Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Author: Fan Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
Author: Yingyi Lao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
Author: Devkumar Ram Sainani
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chaotic behavior in systems
Languages : en
Pages : 494
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Book Description
Author: Aleksander Popel
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 244
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Book Description
Author: Annie Viallat
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315395126
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 476
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Book Description
Blood microcirculation is essential to our bodies for the successful supply of nutrients, waste removal, oxygen delivery, homeostasis, controlling temperature, wound healing, and active immune surveillance. This book provides a physical introduction to the subject and explores how researchers can successfully describe, understand, and predict behaviours of blood flow and blood cells that are directly linked to these important physiological functions. Using practical examples, this book explains how the key concepts of physics are related to blood microcirculation and underlie the dynamic behavior of red blood cells, leukocytes, and platelets. This interdisciplinary book will be a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students in biomechanics, fluid mechanics, biomedical engineering, biological physics, and medicine. Features: The first book to provide a physical perspective of blood microcirculation Draws attention to the potential of this physical approach for novel applications in medicine Edited by specialists in this field, with chapter contributions from subject area specialists
Author: P. Verdonck
Publisher: WIT Press (UK)
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
This text deals with intra and extra-corporeal cardiovascular fluid dynamics. Topics covered include: cardiac mechanical models; analysis of arterial haemodynamics using the principle of wave separation; microvascular networks; cardiac assist devices and others.
Author: Jen-Shih Lee
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461236746
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
. . . we do not know a truth without knowing its cause. Aristotle Perhaps the greatest hope that may be entertained for a scientific work, whether experimental or theoretical, is that it leads to new thoughts and new avenues of investigation on the part of its readers. In microvascular mechanics, the interplay of rheology, anatomy, and cellular and organ function has only just begun to be addressed. To understand the operational behavior of microcirculation, there is a need to integrate studies at the cellular or molecu lar level with a quantitative, biomechanical description of the circulatory system. The symposium entitled "Frontiers in Cardiopulmonary Mechanics" held in June 1988 at the University of Virginia was intended to provide a fundamental approach to the description of the circulation from the per spective of microvascular mechanics and to examine new methodology that may advance this effort. This book arose out ofthe work presented at the symposium. Aristotle expressed well the need to pursue the causes of a phenomenon in order to achieve a truthful understanding of its nature. In this spirit has each of the quantitative sciences progressed, and in this spirit we hope that this book will provide some understanding of the microvascular events and bio mechanical mechanisms underlying the behavior of circulation in general, and of pulmonary and skeletal muscle microcirculation in particular. The integrated treatment of pulmonary and systemic microcirculation provided here is intended to encourage the cross-fertilization of these two research fields.
Author: Bruce Tillotson Fairchild
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Arteries
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
Author: Yujia Qi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Microvasculature structures vary drastically from species to species, and from organs to organs. Different structures signify inclinations of distinct blood flow perfusion features: uniform, or localized? Robust, or efficient? Like the vertebrate tissues having preferred types of vasculature systems that emphasize different traits, in the course of my research, I chose two contrasting systems to be studied by virtue of their specific features: mammalian cerebral cortex microvasculature, and zebrafish embryo trunk microvasculature. For mammalian cerebral microvasculature, considering the distinguished hierarchical construction, and the complex, dense nature of the capillary bed perfusing brain tissue, a model that abstracts the structure while revealing the relationship between blood perfusion and network properties would be extremely helpful; in contrast, zebrafish embryo trunk microvasculature is by itself a simple structure, but being an embryo, its hemodynamic features still undergo developments, and the network would adapt accordingly, which provides an excellent model to study microvascular network adaptation. Specifically, in different mammalian cortices, I found that the dense, parallel penetrating vessels perfusing the cerebral cortex -- arterioles and venules, are consistently in imbalanced ratios. Whether and how the arteriole-venule arrangement and ratio affect the efficiency of energy delivery to the cortex has never been asked before. I show by mathematical modeling and analysis of the mapped mouse sensory cortex that the perfusive efficiency of the network is predicted to be limited by low flow regions produced between pairs of arterioles or pairs of venules. Increasing either arteriole or venule density decreases the size of these low flow regions but increases their number, setting an optimal ratio between arterioles and venules that closely matches that observed across mammalian cortical vasculature. Low flow regions are reshaped in complex ways by changes in vascular conductance, creating geometric challenges for matching cortical perfusion with neuronal activity. Within the zebrafish trunk, tuning of vessel radii ensures red blood cells are delivered at equal rates across tens of microvessels. How do vessels find optimal radii? Vessels are known to adapt their radii to maintain the shear stress from blood flow at the vessel wall at a set point. Yet models of adaptation purely on the basis of average shear stress have not, until now, been able to produce complex loopy networks that resemble real microvascular systems. The shear stress on real vessel endothelia peaks sharply when a red blood cell passes through the vessel. I show that if vessel shear stress set points are cued to the stress peaks, then stable shear-stress-based adaptation is possible. Model networks that respond to peak stresses alone can quantitatively reproduce the observed zebrafish trunk microvasculature, including its adaptive trajectory when hematocrit changes. My work reveals the potential for mechanotransduction alone to generate stable hydraulically tuned microvascular networks. When parts of the zebrafish network -- the anastomoses in the distant trunk that connects the artery and the vein directly -- are amputated, a localization of blood flow at the zebrafish tail is observed in my adaptation model, which is verified through experiments. This discovery highlights a specific structure's function, which can only be identified under network adaptation, and shows the significance of taking adaptation into account when evaluating a vascular structure's hemodynamic functions.
Author: Sergey S. Shevkoplyas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
Abstract: The primary physiological function of the cardiovascular system, i.e. the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to and the removal of metabolic waste products from living tissues, is performed by the microcirculation. It is also where key events of the immune response such as leukocyte margination, rolling and subsequent diapedesis take place. Microvascular blood flow dynamics have a major impact on all of these vital processes. We used silicon micromachining and polydimethylsiloxane replica molding to create microchannel networks with dimensions and topology similar to the real microcirculation. These networks provide high quality of imaging and unprecedented control over all hemodynamically relevant parameters. We reproduced and documented a number of key blood flow dynamics and phenomena characteristic of the microcirculation in vivo using whole blood and blood cell suspensions of varying composition. This suggests the possibility to use this system as a convenient microfluidic platform for experimental studies of the mechanics of the microcirculation. The impact of blood cell rheology and interactions, plasma composition, network architecture and channel wall surface properties on microvascular network blood flow dynamics can now be addressed without interference from active biological regulation. This system will, for the first time, provide a viable bridge between computer simulations and experiments in vivo. Finally, we created a simple microfluidic device that takes advantage of plasma skimming and leukocyte margination to provide positive, continuous flow selection of leukocytes directly from microliter samples of whole blood. It produces a 34-fold enrichment of the leukocyte-to-erythrocyte ratio and requires no preliminary labeling of cells. This effortless, efficient and inexpensive technology can be used as a lab-on-a-chip component for initial whole blood sample preparation. Its integration into microanalytical devices that require leukocyte enrichment will enable accelerated transition of these devices into the field for point-of-care clinical testing.
