Author: G. O. Edmeades
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9789686923933
Category : Corn
Languages : en
Pages : 580
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Book Description
Incidence and intensity of drought and low N stresss in the tropics; Case studies strategies for crop production under drought and low n stresses in the tropics; Stress physology and identification of secondary traits; Physiology of low nitrogen stress; Breeding for tolerance to drought and low n stresses; General breeding strategies for stress tolerance; Progress in breeding drought tolerance; Progress in breeding low nitrogen tolerance; Experimental design and software.
Author: Renata Szymańska
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036508309
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Environmental abiotic stresses, such as extreme temperatures, drought, excess light, salinity, and nutrient deficiency, have detrimental effects on plant growth, development, and yield. Plants are equipped with various adaptation mechanisms to cope with such unfavorable conditions. Our understanding of plants’ abiotic stress responses is crucial to maintaining efficient plant productivity. This book on the responses of plants to environmental stresses is an attempt to find answers to several basic questions related to their adaptation and protective mechanisms against abiotic stresses. The following chapters of the book describe examples of plants’ protective strategies, which cover physiological, cellular, biochemical, and genomic mechanisms. This book is aimed for use by advanced students and researchers in the area of stress biology, plant molecular biology and physiology, agriculture, biochemistry, as well as environmental sciences.
Author: M. Bänzinger
Publisher: CIMMYT
ISBN: 9706480463
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 69
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Book Description
Introduction - why breed for drought and low N tolerance?; Conceptual framework - breeding; Conventional approaches to improving the drought and low N tolerance of maize; Conventional approaches challenged; The challenge of breeding for drought and low N tolerance; Maize under drought and low N stress; Conceptual framework - physiology; Water and the maize plant; Nitrogen and the maize plant; Maize under drought and low N stress - consequences for breeding; Stress management; Drought; Low N stress; Statistical designs and layout of experiments; Increasing the number of replicates; Improved statistical designs; Field layout; Border effects from alleys; Secondary traits; Why use secondary traits?; How do we decide on the value of secondary traits in a drought or low N breeding program?; Secondary traits that help to identify drought tolerance; Secondary traits that help to identify low N tolerance: Selection indices - Combining information on secondary traits with grain yield; Combining information from various experiments; Breeding strategies; Choice of germplasm; Breeding schemes; Biotechnology: potential and constraints for improving drought and low N tolerance; The role of the farmer in selection; What is farmer participatory research and why is it important?; What is new about farmer participatory research?; Participatory methodologies.
Author: Arvin Mosier
Publisher: Island Press
ISBN: 1597267430
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development and a key agricultural input-but in excess it can lead to a host of problems for human and ecological health. Across the globe, distribution of fertilizer nitrogen is very uneven, with some areas subject to nitrogen pollution and others suffering from reduced soil fertility, diminished crop production, and other consequences of inadequate supply. Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle provides a global assessment of the role of nitrogen fertilizer in the nitrogen cycle. The focus of the book is regional, emphasizing the need to maintain food and fiber production while minimizing environmental impacts where fertilizer is abundant, and the need to enhance fertilizer utilization in systems where nitrogen is limited. The book is derived from a workshop held by the Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) in Kampala, Uganda, that brought together the world's leading scientists to examine and discuss the nitrogen cycle and related problems. It contains an overview chapter that summarizes the group's findings, four chapters on cross-cutting issues, and thirteen background chapters. The book offers a unique synthesis and provides an up-to-date, broad perspective on the issues of nitrogen fertilizer in food production and the interaction of nitrogen and the environment.
Author: Siran Wang
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832549578
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
Author: Krishnanand P. Kulkarni
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 283254990X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Crop plants are constantly exposed to multiple abiotic (such as drought, salinity, cold, flooding, heavy metal, and heat) and/or biotic (bacterial/fungal/viral) stress factors that hinder their growth and development, subsequently leading to decreases in quality and yield. During the last two decades, many classical genetic and breeding approaches have been used to develop stress-tolerant and climate-adaptable plants that can provide a better yield to meet food demands. Climate change poses a major risk to food security as the world faces frequent floods, droughts, heat waves, and the emergence of new invasive pests and diseases. Novel genomic and genetic approaches look promising to improve plant resilience under stress conditions and achieve sustainable crop improvements. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have facilitated the generation of a plethora of genomic resources in a variety of crop and plant species. With the increased availability of genomic and transcriptomic data, an increasing number of quantitative trait loci and candidate genes are being identified for their application in improving plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. New approaches such as genomic selection and genomic-assisted breeding have been utilized to develop stress-tolerant cultivars in a variety of plant species. Furthermore, transgenics and rapidly evolving CRISPR technology offer great potential for plant improvement. This Research Topic aims to provide insights into the molecular and genetic factors involved in imparting abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants and their application in enhancing plant adaptation to these stress conditions. To review the progress in this research category, we invite manuscripts related to the plant responses to abiotic/biotic stresses and trait improvement through genomic selection, and transgenic or gene-editing approaches. Studies including physiological, biochemical, and molecular genetic analyses revealing the mechanisms involved in plant response to abiotic/biotic stresses are welcome. Topic editor Dr. Balaji Aravindhan Pandian is employed by Enko Chem Inc. All other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject.
Author: Mirza Hasanuzzaman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351339931
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Global climate change affects crop production through altered weather patterns and increased environmental stresses. Such stresses include soil salinity, drought, flooding, metal/metalloid toxicity, pollution, and extreme temperatures. The variability of these environmental conditions pared with the sessile lifestyle of plants contribute to high exposure to these stress factors. Increasing tolerance of crop plants to abiotic stresses is needed to fulfill increased food needs of the population. This book focuses on methods of improving plants tolerance to abiotic stresses. It provides information on how protective agents, including exogenous phytoprotectants, can mitigate abiotic stressors affecting plants. The application of various phytoprotectants has become one of the most effective approaches in enhancing the tolerance of plants to these stresses. Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail including information on osmoprotectants, antioxidants, phytohormones, nitric oxide, polyamines, amino acids, and nutrient elements of plants. Providing a valuable resource of information on phytoprotectants, this book is useful in diverse areas of life sciences including agronomy, plant physiology, cell biology, environmental sciences, and biotechnology.
Author: Yared Assefa
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889769585
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
Author: A. Hemantaranjan
Publisher: Scientific Publishers
ISBN: 9386237466
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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Book Description
This book has meticulous research in some of the very sensible and stirring areas of Plant Physiology-Plant Molecular Physiology are indispensably needed for holistic development of agriculture and crop production in different agroclimatic zones. It would be tremendously a productive reference book for acquiring advanced knowledge by post-graduate and Ph.D. scholars in response to the innovative courses in Plant Physiology, Plant Biochemistry, Plant Molecular Biology, Plant Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences, Plant Pathology, Microbiology, Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Agronomy, Horticulture, and Botany.
Author: Baffour Badu-Apraku
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319648527
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Book Description
The book focuses on the principles and practices of tropical maize improvement with special emphasis on early and extra-early maize to feed the increasing population in Sub-Saharan Africa. It highlights the similarities and differences between results obtained in temperate regions of the world and WCA in terms of corroboration or refutation of genetic principles and theory of maize breeding. The book is expected to be of great interest to maize breeders, advanced undergraduates, graduate students, professors and research scientists in the national and international research institutes all over the world, particularly Sub-Saharan Africa. It will also serve as a useful reference for agricultural extension and technology transfer systems, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Community-Based Organizations (CBOs), seed companies and community-based seed enterprises, policy makers, and all those who are interested in generating wealth from agriculture and alleviating hunger and poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa.
