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Languages : en
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The status of an ongoing neutrino factory physics study at Fermilab is described, together with a personal view of the parameters required for an entry-level neutrino factory. Recent measurements of atmospheric muon neutrino ([nu][sub[mu]]) fluxes from the Super-Kamiokande (SuperK) collaboration have shown an aximuth-dependent[r[underscore]arrow] baseline dependent-depletion that strongly suggests neutrino oscillations of the type[nu][sub[mu]][r[underscore]arrow][nu][sub[mu]]. Since the atmospheric[nu][sub e] flux is not similarly depleted, [nu][sub x] cannot be[nu][sub e], and must therefore be either[nu][sub[tau]], or[nu][sub s] (a sterile neutrino). These observations have inspired many theoretical papers, several neutrino oscillation experiments proposals, and much interest in the physics community. This interest is well motivated. Understanding the neutrino-mass hierarchy and the mixing matrix that drives flavor oscillations may provide clues that lead to a deeper understanding of physics at very high mass-scales and insights into the physics associated with the existence of more than one lepton flavor. Hence, there is a strong incentive to find a way of measuring the neutrino flavor mixing matrix, confirm and oscillation scheme (three-flavor mixing, four-flavor, n-flavor?), and determine which mass eigenstate is the heaviest (and which is the lightest). This will require a further generation of accelerator based experiments beyond those currently proposed.
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Languages : en
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Book Description
The status of an ongoing neutrino factory physics study at Fermilab is described, together with a personal view of the parameters required for an entry-level neutrino factory. Recent measurements of atmospheric muon neutrino ([nu][sub[mu]]) fluxes from the Super-Kamiokande (SuperK) collaboration have shown an aximuth-dependent[r[underscore]arrow] baseline dependent-depletion that strongly suggests neutrino oscillations of the type[nu][sub[mu]][r[underscore]arrow][nu][sub[mu]]. Since the atmospheric[nu][sub e] flux is not similarly depleted, [nu][sub x] cannot be[nu][sub e], and must therefore be either[nu][sub[tau]], or[nu][sub s] (a sterile neutrino). These observations have inspired many theoretical papers, several neutrino oscillation experiments proposals, and much interest in the physics community. This interest is well motivated. Understanding the neutrino-mass hierarchy and the mixing matrix that drives flavor oscillations may provide clues that lead to a deeper understanding of physics at very high mass-scales and insights into the physics associated with the existence of more than one lepton flavor. Hence, there is a strong incentive to find a way of measuring the neutrino flavor mixing matrix, confirm and oscillation scheme (three-flavor mixing, four-flavor, n-flavor?), and determine which mass eigenstate is the heaviest (and which is the lightest). This will require a further generation of accelerator based experiments beyond those currently proposed.
Author: Yoshitaka Kuno
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9789810244484
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
This volume presents the possibility of high intensity muon sources whose intensity would be at least 104 higher than that available now. Scientific opportunities anticipated with such sources are search for muon lepton flavor violation, measurements of the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the electric dipole moment, neutrino factories based on a muon storage ring, muon collider and muon applied science such as muon catalyzed fusion and biology. In addition to physics opportunities, the necessary technology for such sources is discussed.
Author: Adam Para
Publisher: American Institute of Physics
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
The workshop has reviewed progress towards the future generation of neutrino oscillation experiments. These experiments will use very intense conventional neutrino beams and novel beams derived from muons or radioactive nuclei. These new facilities will provide a broad research front including muon physics and neutrino scattering experiments. The main technical challenges involve construction of very intense proton beams, targeting, effective capture of produced particles, cooling and subsequent acceleration of the resulting muons.
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Languages : en
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In recent years exciting experimental discoveries have shown that neutrino flavors oscillate, and hence that neutrinos have nonzero masses and mixings. The Standard Model needs to be modified to accommodate neutrino mass terms, which require either the existence of right-handed neutrinos to create Dirac mass terms, and/or a violation of lepton number conservation to create Majorana mass terms. The observation that neutrino masses and mass-splittings are tiny compared to the masses of any of the other fundamental fermions suggests radically new physics, which perhaps originates at the GUT or Planck Scale, or perhaps indicates the existence of new spatial dimensions. Whatever the origin of the observed neutrino masses and mixings is, it will certainly require a profound extension to our picture of the physical world. The first step towards understanding this new physics is to pin down the measurable parameters, and address the first round of basic questions: (1) Are there only three neutrino flavors, or do light sterile neutrinos exist? Are there any other deviations to three-flavor mixing? (2) There is one angle [theta][sub 13] in the mixing matrix which is unmeasured. Is it non-zero? (3) We don't know the mass-ordering of the neutrino mass eigenstates. There are two possibilities, the so-called ''normal'' or ''inverted'' hierarchies. Which is right? (4) There is one complex phase [delta] in the mixing matrix which is accessible to neutrino oscillation measurements. If both [theta][sub 13] and sin [delta] are non-zero there will be CP Violation in the lepton sector. Is sin [delta] non-zero? (5) What precisely is the value of the lightest neutrino mass and are neutrino masses generated by Majorana mass terms, Dirac mass terms, or both? All of these questions, with the exception of the last one, can in principle be addressed by accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. However, getting all of the answers will not be easy, and will require the right experimental tools. A Neutrino Factory appears to be the ultimate tool for probing appears to be the ultimate tool for probing neutrino oscillations. Hence the interest in this new type of neutrino source.
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Category : Colliders (Nuclear physics)
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Author: Kip S. Thorne
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691159025
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1551
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Book Description
A groundbreaking text and reference book on twenty-first-century classical physics and its applications This first-year graduate-level text and reference book covers the fundamental concepts and twenty-first-century applications of six major areas of classical physics that every masters- or PhD-level physicist should be exposed to, but often isn't: statistical physics, optics (waves of all sorts), elastodynamics, fluid mechanics, plasma physics, and special and general relativity and cosmology. Growing out of a full-year course that the eminent researchers Kip Thorne and Roger Blandford taught at Caltech for almost three decades, this book is designed to broaden the training of physicists. Its six main topical sections are also designed so they can be used in separate courses, and the book provides an invaluable reference for researchers. Presents all the major fields of classical physics except three prerequisites: classical mechanics, electromagnetism, and elementary thermodynamics Elucidates the interconnections between diverse fields and explains their shared concepts and tools Focuses on fundamental concepts and modern, real-world applications Takes applications from fundamental, experimental, and applied physics; astrophysics and cosmology; geophysics, oceanography, and meteorology; biophysics and chemical physics; engineering and optical science and technology; and information science and technology Emphasizes the quantum roots of classical physics and how to use quantum techniques to elucidate classical concepts or simplify classical calculations Features hundreds of color figures, some five hundred exercises, extensive cross-references, and a detailed index An online illustration package is available
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Category : Nuclear physics
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Author: Vernon Barger
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400845599
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
The physics of neutrinos--uncharged elementary particles that are key to helping us better understand the nature of our universe--is one of the most exciting frontiers of modern science. This book provides a comprehensive overview of neutrino physics today and explores promising new avenues of inquiry that could lead to future breakthroughs. The Physics of Neutrinos begins with a concise history of the field and a tutorial on the fundamental properties of neutrinos, and goes on to discuss how the three neutrino types interchange identities as they propagate from their sources to detectors. The book shows how studies of neutrinos produced by such phenomena as cosmic rays in the atmosphere and nuclear reactions in the solar interior provide striking evidence that neutrinos have mass, and it traces our astounding progress in deciphering the baffling experimental findings involving neutrinos. The discovery of neutrino mass offers the first indication of a new kind of physics that goes beyond the Standard Model of elementary particles, and this book considers the unanticipated patterns in the masses and mixings of neutrinos in the framework of proposed new theoretical models. The Physics of Neutrinos maps out the ambitious future facilities and experiments that will advance our knowledge of neutrinos, and explains why the way forward in solving the outstanding questions in neutrino science will require the collective efforts of particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, and cosmology.
Author: Hans Volker Klapdor-Kleingrothaus
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814340855
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 774
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Book Description
This book contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Physics Beyond the Standard Models of Particle Physics, Cosmology and Astrophysics. It presents a brilliant overview of the status and future potential and trends in experimental and theoretical particle physics, cosmology and astrophysics, in the complimentary sectors of accelerator, non-accelerator and space physics.
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ISBN:
Category : Chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 2566
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