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Author: Robert C. Eaton
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306415562
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
In the past fifteen years there has been considerable interest in neural circuits that initiate behavior patterns. For many types of behaviors, this involves decision-making circuits whose primary elements are neither purely sensory nor motor, but represent a higher order of neural pro cessing. Of the large number of studies on such systems, analyses of startle circuits compose a major portion, and have been carried out on systems found throughout the animal kingdom. Startle has been an im portant model because of the reliability of the behavioral act for laboratory study and the accessibility of the underlying neural circuitry. However, probably because of the breadth of the subject, this material has never been reviewed in a comprehensive way that presents the elements com mon to startle circuits in the different animal systems in which they occur. This book presents a diversity of approaches based on a broad back ground of animal groups ranging from the earliest nervous systems in cnidarians to the most recently evolved and advanced in mammals. The behaviors themselves are all short latency, fast motor acts, when consid ered on the time scale of the organism, and involve avoidance or evasion, although in some cases we do not yet completely understand their natural role. These behaviors occur in response to stimuli that have sudden or unexpected onset.
Author: Robert C. Eaton
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306415562
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
In the past fifteen years there has been considerable interest in neural circuits that initiate behavior patterns. For many types of behaviors, this involves decision-making circuits whose primary elements are neither purely sensory nor motor, but represent a higher order of neural pro cessing. Of the large number of studies on such systems, analyses of startle circuits compose a major portion, and have been carried out on systems found throughout the animal kingdom. Startle has been an im portant model because of the reliability of the behavioral act for laboratory study and the accessibility of the underlying neural circuitry. However, probably because of the breadth of the subject, this material has never been reviewed in a comprehensive way that presents the elements com mon to startle circuits in the different animal systems in which they occur. This book presents a diversity of approaches based on a broad back ground of animal groups ranging from the earliest nervous systems in cnidarians to the most recently evolved and advanced in mammals. The behaviors themselves are all short latency, fast motor acts, when consid ered on the time scale of the organism, and involve avoidance or evasion, although in some cases we do not yet completely understand their natural role. These behaviors occur in response to stimuli that have sudden or unexpected onset.
Author: Mary Torregrossa
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128123311
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Neural Mechanisms of Addiction is the only book available that synthesizes the latest research in the field into a single, accessible resource covering all aspects of how addiction develops and persists in the brain. The book summarizes our most recent understanding on the neural mechanisms underlying addiction. It also examines numerous biobehavioral aspects of addiction disorders, such as reinforcement learning, reward, cognitive dysfunction, stress, and sleep and circadian rhythms that are not covered in any other publication. Readers with find the most up-to-date information on which to build a foundation for their future research in this expanding field. Combining chapters from leading researchers and thought leaders, this book is an indispensable guide for students and investigators engaged in addiction research. - Transcends multiple neural, neurochemical and behavioral domains - Summarizes advances in the field of addiction research since the advent of optogenetics - Discusses the most current, leading theories of addiction, including molecular mechanisms and dopamine mechanisms
Author: Jan Bureš
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Understanding the neural mechanisms of behaviour is one of the ultimate challenges of science. In spite of vast multi-disciplinary efforts and spectacular technical progress, we are still far from a universal theory of brain function. This book takes the view that the fragmentation of the field can be most efficiently reduced by small scale synthesis in studies combining the neural and behavioural approaches. General issues of the brain and behaviour research are covered in the first part of the book. The second part reviews selected paradigms of brain and behaviour research, to which the authors have contributed during the past 30 years with their own experiments. It will be of prime interest for neurophysiologists, neurochemists, neuropharmacologists, neuropsychologists and physiological psychologists as well as for a wider audience of neurobiologically oriented neurologists, psychologists and psychiatrists.
Author: Fabrizio Calzavarini
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030540928
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 498
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Book Description
This volume brings together new papers advancing contemporary debates in foundational, conceptual, and methodological issues in cognitive neuroscience. The different perspectives presented in each chapter have previously been discussed between the authors, as the volume builds on the experience of Neural Mechanisms (NM) Online – webinar series on the philosophy of neuroscience organized by the editors of this volume. The contributed chapters pertain to five core areas in current philosophy of neuroscience. It surveys the novel forms of explanation (and prediction) developed in cognitive neuroscience, and looks at new concepts, methods and techniques used in the field. The book also highlights the metaphysical challenges raised by recent neuroscience and demonstrates the relation between neuroscience and mechanistic philosophy. Finally, the book dives into the issue of neural computations and representations. Assembling contributions from leading philosophers of neuroscience, this work draws upon the expertise of both established scholars and promising early career researchers.
Author: Koraly Pérez-Edgar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319980777
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
This book examines three decades of research on behavioral inhibition (BI), addressing its underlying biological, psychological, and social markers of development and functioning. It offers a theory-to-practice overview of behavioral inhibition and explores its cognitive component as well as its relationship to shyness, anxiety, and social withdrawal. The volume traces the emergence of BI during infancy through its occurrences across childhood. In addition, the book details the biological basis of BI and explores ways in which it is amenable to environmental modeling. Its chapters explore the neural systems underlying developmental milestones, address lingering questions (e.g., limitations of studying BI in laboratory settings and debatable benefits of self-regulatory processes), and provide recommendations for future research. Key areas of coverage include: Animal models of behavioral inhibition. Social functioning and peer relationships in BI. Attention mechanisms in behavioral inhibition. BI and associative learning of fear. Behavioral inhibition and prevention of internalizing distress in early childhood. The relations between BI, cognitive control, and anxiety. Behavioral Inhibition is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians, scientist-practitioners, and graduate students across such fields as developmental psychology, psychiatry, social work, cognitive and affective developmental neuroscience, child and school psychology, educational psychology, and pediatrics.
Author: Kia Nobre
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019882467X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1260
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Book Description
During the last three decades, there have been enormous advances in our understanding of the neural mechanisms of selective attention at the network as well as the cellular level. The Oxford Handbook of Attention brings together the different research areas that constitute contemporary attention research into one comprehensive and authoritative volume. In 40 chapters, it covers the most important aspects of attention research from the areas of cognitive psychology, neuropsychology, human and animal neuroscience, computational modelling, and philosophy. The book is divided into 4 main sections. Following an introduction from Michael Posner, the books starts by looking at theoretical models of attention. The next two sections are dedicated to spatial attention and non-spatial attention respectively. Within section 4, the authors consider the interactions between attention and other psychological domains. The last two sections focus on attention-related disorders, and finally, on computational models of attention. Aimed at both scholars and students, the Oxford Handbook of Attention provides a concise and state-of-the-art review of the current literature in this field.
Author: Myounghoon Jeon
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128018798
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 626
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Book Description
Emotions and Affect in Human Factors and Human–Computer Interaction is a complete guide for conducting affect-related research and design projects in H/F and HCI domains. Introducing necessary concepts, methods, approaches, and applications, the book highlights how critical emotions and affect are to everyday life and interaction with cognitive artifacts. The text covers the basis of neural mechanisms of affective phenomena, as well as representative approaches to Affective Computing, Kansei Engineering, Hedonomics, and Emotional Design. The methodologies section includes affect induction techniques, measurement techniques, detection and recognition techniques, and regulation models and strategies. The application chapters discuss various H/F and HCI domains: product design, human–robot interaction, behavioral health and game design, and transportation. Engineers and designers can learn and apply psychological theories and mechanisms to account for their affect-related research and can develop their own domain-specific theory. The approach outlined in this handbook works to close the existing gap between the traditional affect research and the emerging field of affective design and affective computing. - Provides a theoretical background of affective sciences - Demonstrates diverse affect induction methods in actual research settings - Describes sensing technologies, such as brain–computer interfaces, facial expression detection, and more - Covers emotion modeling and its application to regulation processes - Includes case studies and applied examples in a variety of H/F and HCI application areas - Addresses emerging interdisciplinary areas including Positive Technology, Subliminal Perception, Physiological Computing, and Aesthetic Computing
Author: Karl Spencer LASHLEY
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 209
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Book Description
Author: Allen Selverston
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781475758597
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 576
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Book Description
Author: Ronald B. Chase
Publisher: Oxford : Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195113144
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
This book presents a thorough scholarly review of gastropod neurobiology presenting what is known about identified nerve cells, neural circuits, and behavior. Aplysia has been a major early model for work on basic mechanisms of learning and memory, and this model system will be covered in depth as the major focus of the book. There are about six other molluscan models, including Helix, Lymnaea, Limax, Achatina, and Tritonia, and Bulla, in which significant neurobiological research has been done, and they are all covered in appropriate depth. Chase brings a rather rich knowledge of the integrative biology of these systems to this book which should help many neurobiologists to reach a fuller organismal perspective on the behaviors they investiga
