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Author: Weisi Song
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biopolymers
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Driven by the curiosity for the secret of life, the effort on sequencing of DNAs and other large biopolymers has never been respited. Advanced from recent sequencing techniques, nanotube and nanopore based sequencing has been attracting much attention. This thesis focuses on the study of first and crucial compartment of the third generation sequencing technique, the capture and translocation of biopolymers, and discuss the advantages and obstacles of two different nanofluidic pathways, nanotubes and nanopores for single molecule capturing and translocation. Carbon nanotubes with its constrained structure, the frictionless inner wall and strong electroosmotic flow, are promising materials for linearly threading DNA and other biopolymers for sequencing. Solid state nanopore on the other hand, is a robust chemical, thermal and mechanical stable nanofluidic device, which has a high capturing rate and, to some extent, good controllable threading ability for DNA and other biomolecules. These two different but similar nanofluidic pathways both provide a good preparation of analyte molecules for the sequencing purpose. In addition, more and more research interests have move onto peptide chains and protein sensing. For proteome is better and more direct indicators for human health, peptide chains and protein sensing have a much wider range of applications on bio-medicine, disease early diagnoses, and etc. A universal peptide chain nanopore sensing technique with universal chemical modification of peptides is discussed in this thesis as well, which unifies the nanopore capturing process for vast varieties of peptides. Obstacles of these nanofluidic pathways are also discussed. In the end of this thesis, a proposal of integration of solid state nanopore and fixed-gap recognition tunneling sequencing technique for a more accurate DNA and peptide readout is discussed, together with some early study work, which gives a new direction for nanopore based sequencing.
Author: Weisi Song
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biopolymers
Languages : en
Pages : 148
Get Book Here
Book Description
Driven by the curiosity for the secret of life, the effort on sequencing of DNAs and other large biopolymers has never been respited. Advanced from recent sequencing techniques, nanotube and nanopore based sequencing has been attracting much attention. This thesis focuses on the study of first and crucial compartment of the third generation sequencing technique, the capture and translocation of biopolymers, and discuss the advantages and obstacles of two different nanofluidic pathways, nanotubes and nanopores for single molecule capturing and translocation. Carbon nanotubes with its constrained structure, the frictionless inner wall and strong electroosmotic flow, are promising materials for linearly threading DNA and other biopolymers for sequencing. Solid state nanopore on the other hand, is a robust chemical, thermal and mechanical stable nanofluidic device, which has a high capturing rate and, to some extent, good controllable threading ability for DNA and other biomolecules. These two different but similar nanofluidic pathways both provide a good preparation of analyte molecules for the sequencing purpose. In addition, more and more research interests have move onto peptide chains and protein sensing. For proteome is better and more direct indicators for human health, peptide chains and protein sensing have a much wider range of applications on bio-medicine, disease early diagnoses, and etc. A universal peptide chain nanopore sensing technique with universal chemical modification of peptides is discussed in this thesis as well, which unifies the nanopore capturing process for vast varieties of peptides. Obstacles of these nanofluidic pathways are also discussed. In the end of this thesis, a proposal of integration of solid state nanopore and fixed-gap recognition tunneling sequencing technique for a more accurate DNA and peptide readout is discussed, together with some early study work, which gives a new direction for nanopore based sequencing.
Author: Padmini Krishnakumar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nanofluids
Languages : en
Pages : 131
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Book Description
After a decade of efforts, accurate and affordable DNA sequencing continues to remain an important goal in current research landscape. This thesis starts with a brief overview of the recent updates in the field of DNA sequencing technologies followed by description of the nanofluidics route to single molecule DNA detection. Chapter 2 presents discusses carbon nanotube(CNT) based nanofluidics. The fabrication and DNA sensing measurements of CNT forest membrane devices are presented. Chapter 3 gives the background for functionalization and recognition aspects of reader molecules. Chapter 4 marks the transition to solid state nanopore nanofluidics. The fabrication of Imidazole functionalized nanopores is discussed. The Single Molecule detection results of DNA from Palladium nanopore devices are presented next. Combining chemical recognition to nanopore technology, it has been possible to prolong the duration of single molecule events from the order of a few micro seconds to upto a few milliseconds. Overall, the work presented in this thesis promises longer single molecule detection time in a nanofludic set up and paves way for novel nanopore- tunnel junction devices that combine recognition chemistry, tunneling device and nanopore approach.
Author: Yi-Heng Sen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
This thesis focuses on characterizing and controlling the translocation of single 48.5 kbp [lambda]-DNA molecules through an artificial nanopore with the objective of enabling multiple measurements on the same molecule. This approach may enable nanopore sensors with enhanced size or charge resolution through statistical averaging over multiple detection events. Nanopores with dimensions of 200 nm x 500 nm x 5 pm connected by microfluidic channels were fabricated using soft lithography in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The PDMS nanopore could successfully detect translocation events of single [lambda]DNA molecules. Factors such as applied voltage bias, DNA concentration, and dimensions of the channel were found to affect the frequency of translocation events and signal-to-noise ratio, which are critical factors for implementing multiple measurements on the same molecule with feedback control. Noise contributions from each part of the experimental apparatus and device were also characterized. Feedback control using Labview was implemented to reverse the direction of applied voltage bias upon detection of a translocation event. The direction of travel of single DNA molecules could be successfully reversed and two measurements on the same molecule were realized. This work lays the foundations for a nanofluidic device for enhanced measurement resolution through statistical averaging over multiple measurements on the same molecule.
Author: Yuri L. Lyubchenko
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351333127
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
This book gives an accessible, detailed overview on techniques of single molecule biophysics (SMB), showing how they are applied to numerous biological problems associated with understanding the molecular mechanisms of DNA replication, transcription, and translation, as well as functioning of molecular machines. It covers major single molecule imaging and probing techniques, highlighting key strengths and limitations of each method using recent examples. The chapters begin with a discussion of single molecule fluorescence techniques followed by an overview of the atomic force microscope and its use for direct time-lapse visualization of dynamics of molecular complexes at the nanoscale, as well as applications in measurements of interactions between molecules and mechanical properties of isolated molecules and their complexes. The next chapters address magnetic tweezers and optical tweezers, including instrumentation, fundamentals of operation, and applications. A final chapter turns to nanopore transport and nanopore-based DNA sequencing technology that will play a major role in next-generation genomics and healthcare applications.
Author: Samaneh Shadmehr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Carbon nanotubes
Languages : en
Pages : 107
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Book Description
Exceptionally high aspect ratio, smooth hydrophobic graphitic walls, and nanoscale inner diameters of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) cause the unique phenomenon of efficient transport of water and gas through these nanoscale molecular tubes. Molecular transport through the cores of CNTs is of significant interest from both fundamental and application aspects. The application of CNTs as nanofluidic channels is envisioned in many areas, ranging from desalination, carbon capture, drug delivery, DNA sequencing and translocation, protein separation, single molecule sensing, to nanofluidic transistors and diodes. A fundamental understanding of the mechanisms governing molecular transport through CNT pores is much needed and, unfortunately, still lacking, which demands further research. In this work, CNT-based smart membranes and arrayed devices are explored both as a versatile platform for fundamental studies and as exemplary devices for biosensing applications. In Chapter 3, a study of ion transport across smart, DNA-functionalized CNT membranes is reported. The diffusive transport rates of ferricyanide ions were monitored through an array of vertically aligned CNTs (VA-CNTs) functionalized with amine-modified single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) (Cy3-T15-NH2) probes. Reversible closing of CNT pores was achieved by the addition of complementary DNA (A15), gating ion transport. Our analysis suggests that pore blocking occurs due to steric hindrance at the CNT pore entrances. Chapter 4 focuses on the design and fabrication of arrayed CNT devices. Each device consists of a large number (roughly 4x105) of aligned multiwalled CNTs span a barrier separating two fluid reservoirs, enabling direct electrical chronoamperometric measurement of ion transport through the nanotubes and analyzing ion transport properties. Here we intend to demonstrate the theoretically predicted ultrahigh ion flow rate through multiplexed CNT devices that are directly electrically addressable. Compared with traditional nanopore devices, ours feature distinct advantages. The CNTs have a remarkably high aspect ratio and they can confine an entire molecule and also extend the duration of transport, which is likely to result in new translocation characteristics. Our devices have a planar design, which enable simultaneous optical and electrical probing. Results presented in this work show the potential of CNT nanofluidic devices for the fundamental studies of the nanoconfinement effects on ion transport. The developed synthesis and fabrication methods are envisioned to lead to novel biosensors based on nanofluidics, which can find a broad spectrum of significant applications such as disease diagnostics, food safety monitoring, and environmental pollution detection.
Author: Jing Christine Ye
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 1071639463
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Author: Nabeel Ahmad
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323998305
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 352
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Book Description
Emerging Nanotechnologies for Medical Applications focuses on both commercial and premarket tools and their applications in medicine. The book develops the concept of integrating different technologies along a hierarchical structure of biological systems and clarifies biomechanical interactions on different levels for the analysis of multiscale pathophysiological phenomena. With a focus on nano-scale processes and biomedical applications, it demonstrates how knowledge can be utilized in a range of areas, including the diagnosis and treatment of various human diseases, and in alternative energy production. This book is an important reference source for scientists and researchers involved in micro- and nano-engineering, bio-nanotechnology, biomedical engineering, nanomedicine, and industries involved with optical devices, computer simulation and pharmaceuticals. - Shows how nanotechnology is being used to improve outcomes in areas of cancer, tissue grafting, and printing drugs - Explores a variety of nanoengineering techniques used for biomedical applications, including for cardiovascular, renal and dental treatments - Assesses the major challenges of manufacturing nanomaterials-based medicines on an industrial scale
Author: Peter Hinterdorfer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387764976
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 634
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Book Description
This handbook describes experimental techniques to monitor and manipulate individual biomolecules, including fluorescence detection, atomic force microscopy, and optical and magnetic trapping. It includes single-molecule studies of physical properties of biomolecules such as folding, polymer physics of protein and DNA, enzymology and biochemistry, single molecules in the membrane, and single-molecule techniques in living cells.
Author: R. Rigler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642565441
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 375
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Book Description
The topics range from single molecule experiments in quantum optics and solid-state physics to analogous investigations in physical chemistry and biophysics.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 012820138X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
The Enzymes, Volume 47, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on The Multipurpose Family of Oxidases, Vanillyl alcohol oxidase, Choline oxidases, Aryl alcohol oxidase, D- and L-amino acid oxidases, Sugar oxidases, Phenolic Compounds hydroxylases, Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases, Flavin-dependent halogenases, Flavin-dependent dehalogenases, Styrene Monooxygenases, Bacterial luciferases, Cellobiose Dehydrogenases, Prenylated flavoenzymes, Ene-reductases, Flavoenzymes in Biocatalysis. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in The Enzymes series
