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Author: J. Siegrist
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642678351
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 154
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Book Description
This volume contains contributions presented at the Fourth Internatio nal Workshop on Psychosocial Stress and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) held in Hoehenried near Munich in July, 1979. The workshop was organized in order to continue and enlarge upon recent discussions concerning empirical evidence and convergence in the field of stress and CHD. Proceedings of the three previous workshops were published in German by Springer-Verlag. The main topic of the 1978 conference was the present state of research in the field of type A behavior and CHD. In addition and in a certain contrast, this present volume concentrates on sociological aspects of stress experience and the development of CHD, especially myocardial infarction. It is thought that a heuristic research device should take into account both situational influences and individual predispositions on a somatic and psychological level. The scope of this book is limited by the research areas represented by the invited participants, and the editors do not claim to give a representative overview, although they include several prominent authorities among the contributors. The final chapter gives a short critical evaluation of the present state of a difficult but promising area of interdisciplinary medical research. For technical reasons discussions held at the workshop could not be included in this volume.
Author: J. Siegrist
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642678351
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 154
Get Book
Book Description
This volume contains contributions presented at the Fourth Internatio nal Workshop on Psychosocial Stress and Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) held in Hoehenried near Munich in July, 1979. The workshop was organized in order to continue and enlarge upon recent discussions concerning empirical evidence and convergence in the field of stress and CHD. Proceedings of the three previous workshops were published in German by Springer-Verlag. The main topic of the 1978 conference was the present state of research in the field of type A behavior and CHD. In addition and in a certain contrast, this present volume concentrates on sociological aspects of stress experience and the development of CHD, especially myocardial infarction. It is thought that a heuristic research device should take into account both situational influences and individual predispositions on a somatic and psychological level. The scope of this book is limited by the research areas represented by the invited participants, and the editors do not claim to give a representative overview, although they include several prominent authorities among the contributors. The final chapter gives a short critical evaluation of the present state of a difficult but promising area of interdisciplinary medical research. For technical reasons discussions held at the workshop could not be included in this volume.
Author: Max Josef Halhuber
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9780387103860
Category : Heart
Languages : en
Pages : 152
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Book Description
Author: Giada Pietrabissa
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889669238
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Author: Stephen Stansfeld
Publisher: BMJ Books
ISBN: 9780727912770
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 320
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Book Description
This book brings together the evidence on psychosocial factors that influence the causation and progression of coronary heart disease. These include macrosocial factors such as social class, broad social influences such as the impact of work and social support and personal aspects such as depression and hostility. An important part of the book is the description of psychological and social influences on diet, smoking and physical activity all of which may be implicated in the causation of heart disease.These psychosocial factors are linked to the metabolic and physiological pathways involved in the development of coronary heart disease and their links with genetic characteristics are explored. Finally recent psychosocial intervention studies are reviewed.
Author: William Doyle Gentry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 222
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Book Description
Author: Oskar Lundgren
Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN: 9176852873
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
There is strong evidence for the observation that psychological risk factors, such as depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and anxiety are associated with higher risk of developing coronary heart disease (CHD), and also contribute to a worse prognosis among CHD patients. Much less is known about psychological resources, such as Mastery, and their role in cardiovascular medicine. Although the current state of science about the importance of psychological factors has advanced during the last decades, the mental health status of patients is often neglected in clinical practice. The reason behind this gap is multifaceted, including unawareness of the current state of science among professionals and a lack of clear guideline, which in turn, results from a lack of evidence-based ways to address the issues. Furthermore, the measurement of psychological resources is complex and a debated topic in psychology. The aim of this thesis was to investigate: 1) If the use of inverted items in three questionnaires that measure psychological resources and risk factors represent a validity risk in the context of CHD. 2) If psychological resources and risk factors are independently associated with incidence in CHD. 3) If an eight-week course in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a feasible psychological intervention, as an addition to cardiac rehabilitation. 4) How CHD patients experience the practices of mindfulness and yoga in MBSR. In Study I and II, data from 1007 participants randomly selected from a Swedish community sample, aged 45-69 at baseline (50 % women), were analysed. To study the validity of the self-report instruments Mastery, Self-esteem and Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CESD), subscales with only positive and negative items were created. The new subscales were evaluated against three criterion measures; cross-sectional against each other and the circulatory marker of inflammation interleukine-6 (IL-6) (concurrent construct validity); prospectively against 8-year incidence in CHD (predictive validity), and in addition, a factor analysis was used to investigate construct dimensionality. The instruments seemed to be valid measures of psychological resources and risk factors in the context of CHD risk. The new subscales showed the same associations as the original scales, except for the positive items in CES-D. However, this did not have a major influence on the full scale. In Study II a prospective analysis of the impact of psychological factors on 8-year incidence in CHD was performed. The psychological resources Mastery and Self-esteem were negatively associated with CHD, also after adjustment for nine traditional cardiovascular risk factors in Cox proportional hazard models. The protective effect of the two resources, and the increased risk of Hopelessness, remained after adjustment for depressive symptoms. In Study III and IV, a group of CHD patients with depressive symptoms (n=79) was invited to participate in MBSR as a complement to cardiac rehabilitation. Twenty-four patients started MBSR and 16 completed it. The results were compared with a reference group (n=108) of patients from the same clinic, which showed stability in psychological variables over 12 months. MBSR was appreciated by the patients and improvements in psychological risk factors (e.g., depressive symptoms), and an increase in Mastery were observed. Study IV made use of a qualitative content analysis of diary entries written by patients immediately after practice sessions throughout MBSR. Participants described difficulties, both physical and psychological, during the whole course, but as the weeks passed they more frequently described an enhanced ability to concentrate, relax and deal with distractions. From the combined findings in Study III and IV, we conclude that MBSR could be a promising complement to cardiac rehabilitation for a selection of patients. The overall picture, emerging from this thesis, strengthens the argument that psychological factors should be recognized and addressed in clinical practice. It also encourages further studies of how psychological resources could be built, which could inform the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies for CHD patients with psychological distress and also contribute to improved public health interventions.
Author: Paul Hjemdahl
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781848824195
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
The main aim of this book is to evaluate the concept of stress and provide tools for physicians to identify patients who might benefit from stress management. This will incorporate a detailed description of the physiological and pathophysiological consequences of acute and chronic stress that might lead to cardiovascular disease. The book will aim to critically evaluate interventional research (behavioural and other therapies) and provide evidence based recommendations on how to manage stress in the cardiovascular patient. Our intentions are to define and highlight stress as an etiological factor for cardiovascular disease, and to describe an evidence based "tool box" that physicians may use to identify and manage patients in whom stress may be an important contributing factor for their disease and their risk of suffering cardiovascular complications.
Author: A. John Camm
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780198824879
Category : Cardiology
Languages : en
Pages : 3198
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Book Description
Author: Henri Denolin
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN:
Category : Myocardial infarction
Languages : en
Pages : 172
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Book Description
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309157617
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 483
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Book Description
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), once thought to be confined primarily to industrialized nations, has emerged as a major health threat in developing countries. Cardiovascular disease now accounts for nearly 30 percent of deaths in low and middle income countries each year, and is accompanied by significant economic repercussions. Yet most governments, global health institutions, and development agencies have largely overlooked CVD as they have invested in health in developing countries. Recognizing the gap between the compelling evidence of the global CVD burden and the investment needed to prevent and control CVD, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) turned to the IOM for advice on how to catalyze change. In this report, the IOM recommends that the NHLBI, development agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and governments work toward two essential goals: creating environments that promote heart healthy lifestyle choices and help reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and building public health infrastructure and health systems with the capacity to implement programs that will effectively detect and reduce risk and manage CVD. To meet these goals, the IOM recommends several steps, including improving cooperation and collaboration; implementing effective and feasible strategies; and informing efforts through research and health surveillance. Without better efforts to promote cardiovascular health, global health as a whole will be undermined.
