Author: Rafal P. Piprek
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319319736
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
This book presents the current state of knowledge on the origin and differentiation of cell lines involved in the development of the vertebrate male and female gonads with particular emphasis on the mouse. It also discusses the processes leading to the testis- and ovary-specific structures and functions. The individual chapters review the origin and differentiation of the somatic cells of the genital ridges; the formation and migration of primordial germ cells in mouse and man; the gonadal supporting cell lineage and mammalian sex determination; differentiation of Sertoli and granulosa cells; mesonephric cell migration into the gonads and vascularization; origin and differentiation of androgen-producing cells in the gonads; germ cell commitment to the oogenic versus spermatogenic pathway and the role of retinoic acid; ovarian folliculogenesis; control of oocyte growth and development by intercellular communication within the follicular niche; biology of the Sertoli cell in the fetal, pubertal and adult mammalian testis; mechanisms regulating spermatogonial differentiation; stem cells in mammalian gonads; the role of microRNAs in cell differentiation during gonad development; human sex development and its disorders; as well as methods for the study of gonadal development.
Author: C.Y. Cheng
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387095977
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
In the past thirty years, significant advances have been made in the field of reproductive biology in unlocking the molecular and biochemical events that regulate spermatogenesis in the mammalian testis. It was possible because of the unprecedented breakthroughs in molecular biology, cell biology, immunology, and biochemistry. In this book entitled, Molecular Mechanisms in Spermatogenesis, a collection of chapters has been included written by colleagues on the latest development in the field using genomic and proteomic approaches to study spermatogenesis, as well as different mechanisms and/or molecules including environmental toxicants and transcription factors that regulate and/or affect spermatogenesis. The book begins with a chapter that provides the basic concept of cellular regulation of spermatogenesis. A few chapters are also dedicated to some of the latest findings on the Sertoli cell cytoskeleton and other molecules (e.g., proteases, adhesion proteins) that regulate spermatogenesis. These chapters contain thought-provoking discussions and concepts which shall be welcomed by investigators in the field. It is obvious that many of these concepts will be updated and some may be amended in the years to come. However, they will serve as a guide and the basis for investigation by scientists in the field.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Sardul S. Guraya
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9780387636900
Category : Gonads
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book provides a critical, up-to-date review of the vast body of recent research on the cellular and molecular biology of development, differentiation and maturation of the ovary and testis in mammals including human. It also explores the current concepts and theories of gonadal differentiation as well as the origin, migration and structure of germ cells. Results on the morphological, ultrastructural, histochemical, immunological, biochemical including in vitro, experiments, physiological, endocrinological, cytogenetical, genetical and molecular aspects of germ cells and somatic tissues involved are especially compared and contrasted across species for the better understanding of their structure-chemistry-function and the regulatory mechanisms involved at different stages of development and maturation of ovary and testis. This book will be of great interest to research scientists and students in the fields of reproductive biology and biomedicine, endocrinology, developmental biology, zoology, animal physiology, animal breeding, etc.
Author: Christopher S. Kovacs
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128148241
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1038
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Book Description
Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Endocrinology: Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management systematically examines the normal and abnormal endocrinology of the pregnant and lactating female and of the fetus and neonate. This reference volume expands coverage of specific disorders and diseases beyond the current endocrinology content on the market, which in most cases has a paragraph or no mention at all about pregnancy or aspects of fetal/neonatal development. Formalized source of maternal/fetal endocrine physiology and pathophysiology Key reference for fellows and residents for rarer endocrine pathologies Integrated presentation of new molecular and genetic causes of endocrine disorders Bridges the experience/knowledge gap of endocrinopathies rarely encountered in pregnancy
Author: Rafael A. Fissore
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889459446
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 145
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Book Description
The Research Topic aims to support progress towards understanding the different sets of developmental processes that are absolutely required to complete all the steps essential for successful embryonic development, under physiological conditions. We sought contributions that dealt with single cells, interaction between cells as well as intra- and extracellular signal transduction. The Research Topic presents original studies covering experimental and theoretical approaches, descriptions of new methodologies, reviews and opinions.
Author: Wai Yee Chung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Englische Version: In mammals, the embryonic gonad is the only bipotential organ, differentiating into either testis or ovary during sex determination. Once specified, it produces sex-specific hormones that induce key morphological, physiological, and behavioral changes, leading to mature reproductive organs essential for species perpetuation. Despite the evolutionary importance of gonadal function, significant developmental plasticity exists across species, with underlying molecular mechanisms largely unexplored. To address this, single-cell omics techniques (scRNA- and scATAC-seq) were employed on developing gonads to investigate molecular contributors to interspecies differences during sex differentiation. Known cell types were characterized in testes and ovaries of pigs (exhibiting medullary cords), mice (lacking medullary cords), rabbits (displaying delayed meiosis of germ cells), and moles (forming ovotestes) at sexually dimorphic time points. Interspecies comparative analyses revealed both conserved and species-specific events at the levels of dynamic gene expression, co-expression networks, and cellular communication. Expression data were integrated with epigenomic data to infer gene regulatory networks (GRNs), clarifying regulatory mechanisms governing these events. Analyses revealed species-specific transcription factors in conserved GRNs and identified putative cis-regulatory elements linked with species-specific expressed genes. The study suggests diverse controls initiate meiosis in ovarian germ cells across species and that steroidogenic enzyme metabolism may contribute to unique developmental features in rabbits. Overall, this study advances the understanding of mammalian gonad differentiation and highlights how gene expression program evolution has contributed to mammalian phenotype diversity.
Author: Michael K. Skinner
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080492282
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 511
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Book Description
Sertoli cells assist in the production of sperm in the male reproductive system. This book provides a state-of-the-art update on the topic of sertoli cells and male reproduction. It addresses such highly topical areas as stem cells, genomics, and molecular genetics, as well as provides historical information on the discovery of this type of cell, and the pathophysiology of male infertility. * Presents the state-of-the-art research on topics such as stem cell research, transplantation and genomics* Includes contributions from leaders in the field, including several members of the National Academy of Science
Author: Rachel Brixey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Sexual development begins with the process by which the bipotential gonads of the embryonic urogenital ridge develop into either testes or ovaries. In the mouse, sex determination occurs at around 11.5 dpc and depends on the presence or absence of the Y chromosome and the associated activity of the testis-determining gene, Sry, in supporting cell precursors. The mutually antagonistic male and female developmental pathways are regulated by many cellular and molecular processes, disruption of which can lead to disorders of sex development (DSDs). However, many of the molecular mechanisms regulating the differentiation of the two gonads are still unknown. The boygirl (byg) mutant was identified in an ENU-based forward genetic screen for embryos with gonadal abnormalities. On the C57BLl6J background, XY byg/byg homozygotes exhibited complete embryonic gonadal sex reversal. The defective gene in byg, Map3k4, is a component of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling pathway and provides the first evidence for a function of this pathway in sex determination. This thesis describes experiments aimed at investigating the cellular and molecular basis of the sex reversal phenotype associated with the XY Map3k4byglbyg mutant. Cellular characterisations revealed a defect in male-specific proliferation at 11.5 dpc, which was attributed to a defect in Sry up-regulation. Elucidation of the downstream kinases activated by MAP3K4 during sex determination was attempted, with particular focus on identifying a role for p38a MAP kinase (MAPK). Using a conditional knockout approach, the function of p38a in Steroidogenic factor-1 (Sf I)-positive somatic cells was assessed. However, specific inactivation in these cells did not affect gonad development. Conditional inactivation of Map3k4 itself in these Sf I-positive cells also did not disrupt gonad development, suggesting that this pathway is either initiated in a different cell lineage or at an earlier stage than deletion driven by Sfl-Cre can disrupt. Conditional inactivation of p38a in the Mullerian duct mesenchyme and ovarian granulosa cells using Amhr2-Cre did reveal a function for p38a in female fertility, but did not disrupt embryonic sexual development. Gene knockdown in organ culture was attempted to determine a role for multiple p38 MAPKs in all cell types of the gonad. Therefore, this thesis details further characterisations of a novel signalling pathway important for the expression of Sry, focussing on the role of the p38 MAPKs.
Author: Manuela Simoni
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319444406
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1364
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.
