Author: Jerold A. Garber
Publisher: Archway Publishing
ISBN: 1480852244
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Book Description
The world is changing rapidly, and perhaps the most compelling evidence of this change is found in the way people use technology to access services that formerly required an in-person visit. Now, for the first time, a real church with denominational standing is as close as ones computer. In Ministry to the Avatars: Building a Real Church in a Virtual World, author and reverend Dr. Jerold A. Garber shares the transcendent story of First United Church of Christ Second Lifea virtual church designed and built in Second Life, a 3-D virtual world with over thirty-six million individual accounts and over one million active users each month. While it began as an experiment in faith and inclusivity, First UCC SL today has full standing in the Eastern Association of the Southern California Nevada Conference of the United Church of Christ, and it is the first church in a mainline denomination to achieve full standing while owning no physical property. Since its founding, First United Church of Christ Second Life has grown into a multifaceted, vibrant ministry with a 365-day-a-year presence in Second Life, and it is also a member of the Open and Affirming Coalition of the UCC, an association of churches affirming the full inclusions of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered persons in the churchs life and ministry. Come and witness the wonderful things that can be achieved when service to others transcends the boundaries of reality! Visit the First United Church of Christ Second Life website at http://www.firstuccsl.org and Second Lifes 3D virtual world created by Linden Lab at http://www.secondlife.com.
Ministry to the Avatars
Author: Jerold A. Garber
Publisher: Archway Publishing
ISBN: 1480852244
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Book Description
The world is changing rapidly, and perhaps the most compelling evidence of this change is found in the way people use technology to access services that formerly required an in-person visit. Now, for the first time, a real church with denominational standing is as close as ones computer. In Ministry to the Avatars: Building a Real Church in a Virtual World, author and reverend Dr. Jerold A. Garber shares the transcendent story of First United Church of Christ Second Lifea virtual church designed and built in Second Life, a 3-D virtual world with over thirty-six million individual accounts and over one million active users each month. While it began as an experiment in faith and inclusivity, First UCC SL today has full standing in the Eastern Association of the Southern California Nevada Conference of the United Church of Christ, and it is the first church in a mainline denomination to achieve full standing while owning no physical property. Since its founding, First United Church of Christ Second Life has grown into a multifaceted, vibrant ministry with a 365-day-a-year presence in Second Life, and it is also a member of the Open and Affirming Coalition of the UCC, an association of churches affirming the full inclusions of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered persons in the churchs life and ministry. Come and witness the wonderful things that can be achieved when service to others transcends the boundaries of reality! Visit the First United Church of Christ Second Life website at http://www.firstuccsl.org and Second Lifes 3D virtual world created by Linden Lab at http://www.secondlife.com.
Publisher: Archway Publishing
ISBN: 1480852244
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Book Description
The world is changing rapidly, and perhaps the most compelling evidence of this change is found in the way people use technology to access services that formerly required an in-person visit. Now, for the first time, a real church with denominational standing is as close as ones computer. In Ministry to the Avatars: Building a Real Church in a Virtual World, author and reverend Dr. Jerold A. Garber shares the transcendent story of First United Church of Christ Second Lifea virtual church designed and built in Second Life, a 3-D virtual world with over thirty-six million individual accounts and over one million active users each month. While it began as an experiment in faith and inclusivity, First UCC SL today has full standing in the Eastern Association of the Southern California Nevada Conference of the United Church of Christ, and it is the first church in a mainline denomination to achieve full standing while owning no physical property. Since its founding, First United Church of Christ Second Life has grown into a multifaceted, vibrant ministry with a 365-day-a-year presence in Second Life, and it is also a member of the Open and Affirming Coalition of the UCC, an association of churches affirming the full inclusions of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered persons in the churchs life and ministry. Come and witness the wonderful things that can be achieved when service to others transcends the boundaries of reality! Visit the First United Church of Christ Second Life website at http://www.firstuccsl.org and Second Lifes 3D virtual world created by Linden Lab at http://www.secondlife.com.
The Last Avatar of Jesus the Christ
Author: Aden John
Publisher: AuthorHouse
ISBN: 1477225943
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
The Greatest Thing we can ever possess in this life . . . The Greatest Joy we ever may retain in this life . . . The Most Wonderful attainment all Created mortals may yet ever know in their lifetime . . . is; To LOVE GOD! - With all our heart, with all our soul, and with all our might . . . Irrespective of the vast myriads of belief systems, the most important Truth in all existence and in subsistence is The Pure All Absorbing Love of God. Irrespective of the human nomenclature assigned to This Incomprehensibly Pure Love of God; he who indeed Loves The One True God Whom he undoubtedly regards as THE SUPREME HIGHEST; he is he who knows that human tongues, languages, and relational differences can never amount into a force strong enough to erode That same Pure Love For God Planted inside his heart by The God he regards as THE SUPREME HIGHEST. Whatever nomenclature any mortal may have assigned to be That Pure Love of Godto any indivisible or divisible fragments, if any man claims to have This same Pure Love for God; such a man in Totality can never ever deny The Truth that in Jesus The Christ alone resides The Grand Summation of All The Representations of all Gods Love. Amazingly, the human nomenclature any set of people may have assigned to their Love For God may be different from that which another set may have assigned. If, therefore, language, tribe, race, or just about anything of human affiliations and origins stand as a dividing difference between humans who claim to have That same Incomprehensibly Pure Love for God; it then becomes questionable whether That Love they claim to have for God was Genuine and homogenous or not. If a man says he Loves God, but for whatever reasons known to him, acknowledges not The Last Avatar Whom The God he claims to Love has sent; then it becomes obvious that such a man willfully chooses to understand his Love for God in ways which he freely desires and not in the Simple way which has been revealed unto him. How then would he cope when That Love of God Decisively Judges the free wills of all humans? www.yousayyouloveme.org www.rhabbonilove.org
Publisher: AuthorHouse
ISBN: 1477225943
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 209
Book Description
The Greatest Thing we can ever possess in this life . . . The Greatest Joy we ever may retain in this life . . . The Most Wonderful attainment all Created mortals may yet ever know in their lifetime . . . is; To LOVE GOD! - With all our heart, with all our soul, and with all our might . . . Irrespective of the vast myriads of belief systems, the most important Truth in all existence and in subsistence is The Pure All Absorbing Love of God. Irrespective of the human nomenclature assigned to This Incomprehensibly Pure Love of God; he who indeed Loves The One True God Whom he undoubtedly regards as THE SUPREME HIGHEST; he is he who knows that human tongues, languages, and relational differences can never amount into a force strong enough to erode That same Pure Love For God Planted inside his heart by The God he regards as THE SUPREME HIGHEST. Whatever nomenclature any mortal may have assigned to be That Pure Love of Godto any indivisible or divisible fragments, if any man claims to have This same Pure Love for God; such a man in Totality can never ever deny The Truth that in Jesus The Christ alone resides The Grand Summation of All The Representations of all Gods Love. Amazingly, the human nomenclature any set of people may have assigned to their Love For God may be different from that which another set may have assigned. If, therefore, language, tribe, race, or just about anything of human affiliations and origins stand as a dividing difference between humans who claim to have That same Incomprehensibly Pure Love for God; it then becomes questionable whether That Love they claim to have for God was Genuine and homogenous or not. If a man says he Loves God, but for whatever reasons known to him, acknowledges not The Last Avatar Whom The God he claims to Love has sent; then it becomes obvious that such a man willfully chooses to understand his Love for God in ways which he freely desires and not in the Simple way which has been revealed unto him. How then would he cope when That Love of God Decisively Judges the free wills of all humans? www.yousayyouloveme.org www.rhabbonilove.org
Cybernetic Avatar
Author: Hiroshi Ishiguro
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819737524
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9819737524
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 358
Book Description
The Avatar
Author: Ivar Tabrizi
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
ISBN: 141201865X
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 245
Book Description
The story is based on the alleged discovery of Elvis Presley's reincarnation in Mangalam, a small village set amidst the backwaters of the Malabar Coast in India. The subsequent events when an Elvis-mad matron from Memphis, Tennessee comes to claim the child as her very own make for a very hilarious reading. The events start unfolding when the astrologer called into cast the child's birth horoscope declares the child to be an avatar, a great reincarnation. Everybody assumes the reincarnation to be that of Lord Krishna, the deity worshipped in the village. But the two precocious daughters of Sunita, the neighbour and a distant relation of the child's parents, create, without meaning to, a feeling that the child is actually a reincarnation of Elvis Presley. Neeli, the eldest of the two, editor of her college magazine and an aspiring journalist, manages to publish an article about the phenomenon in the "Memphis Tattler". Maggie Duckworth, a rich widow and fanatic in her devotion to Elvis, reads the article and lands in India to claim the child. She has Alonzo Bosworthy, a novice reporter from the tabloid, in tow to cover what she thinks will be a scoop. Besides, her ulterior motive is to chase out the present guardians of the Presley Foundation, with whom she had a long series of run-ins, and install the true heir to the throne of Graceland Mansions. The Mangalam villagers meanwhile have come to very different conclusions about the impending visit of the Americans. The village barber, a fanatic Maoist, is convinced that the Americans are actually CIA agents coming to take over what he imagines to be the oil wealth hidden under the village. He organizes the farm workers to protest against the visit. Meanwhile, a defrocked priest and his small coterie of Christian followers in the village maintain that the child is actually the second Christ come to redeem the world, and maintain a vigil outside the reincarnation's house. They are there to prevent the child being spirited away to the West. The barber's wild imagination had also infected the staid householders of the village and they want their cut of the oil wealth lying under their feet. Of course there is the village yokel suddenly transformed by a series of misunderstandings into a Greek scholar whose wild oratory is listened to by the villagers avidly but without understanding. By the time Maggie Duckworth arrives at the village she is met by all these forces, which she cannot fathom. Things are not helped by the avaricious nature of the reincarnation's father, Mr. Keshavan, who dreams of inheriting Presley's Graceland on behalf of his son. As if these things were not enough for Maggie Duckworth, Bosworthy manages to get himself arrested as a spy with designs on India's cultural heritage when he wanders into the village temple. The story goes on to its ultimate denouement as the Indian papers, slow on the uptake, now create a country- wide furor making the incident take on an international flavour with formal protests being lodged with the American Ambassador in India and nearly bringing the Indian Government down for kowtowing to the Americans. Sunita's two daughters though central to the theme are just onlookers and as bewildered as Maggie by the course of events they have unleashed. Babli, the younger one, is the agnostic with a healthy disrespect for the superstitions surrounding the village life. But she triggers off events leading to the acceptance of the child to be a reincarnation of Elvis.
Publisher: Trafford Publishing
ISBN: 141201865X
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 245
Book Description
The story is based on the alleged discovery of Elvis Presley's reincarnation in Mangalam, a small village set amidst the backwaters of the Malabar Coast in India. The subsequent events when an Elvis-mad matron from Memphis, Tennessee comes to claim the child as her very own make for a very hilarious reading. The events start unfolding when the astrologer called into cast the child's birth horoscope declares the child to be an avatar, a great reincarnation. Everybody assumes the reincarnation to be that of Lord Krishna, the deity worshipped in the village. But the two precocious daughters of Sunita, the neighbour and a distant relation of the child's parents, create, without meaning to, a feeling that the child is actually a reincarnation of Elvis Presley. Neeli, the eldest of the two, editor of her college magazine and an aspiring journalist, manages to publish an article about the phenomenon in the "Memphis Tattler". Maggie Duckworth, a rich widow and fanatic in her devotion to Elvis, reads the article and lands in India to claim the child. She has Alonzo Bosworthy, a novice reporter from the tabloid, in tow to cover what she thinks will be a scoop. Besides, her ulterior motive is to chase out the present guardians of the Presley Foundation, with whom she had a long series of run-ins, and install the true heir to the throne of Graceland Mansions. The Mangalam villagers meanwhile have come to very different conclusions about the impending visit of the Americans. The village barber, a fanatic Maoist, is convinced that the Americans are actually CIA agents coming to take over what he imagines to be the oil wealth hidden under the village. He organizes the farm workers to protest against the visit. Meanwhile, a defrocked priest and his small coterie of Christian followers in the village maintain that the child is actually the second Christ come to redeem the world, and maintain a vigil outside the reincarnation's house. They are there to prevent the child being spirited away to the West. The barber's wild imagination had also infected the staid householders of the village and they want their cut of the oil wealth lying under their feet. Of course there is the village yokel suddenly transformed by a series of misunderstandings into a Greek scholar whose wild oratory is listened to by the villagers avidly but without understanding. By the time Maggie Duckworth arrives at the village she is met by all these forces, which she cannot fathom. Things are not helped by the avaricious nature of the reincarnation's father, Mr. Keshavan, who dreams of inheriting Presley's Graceland on behalf of his son. As if these things were not enough for Maggie Duckworth, Bosworthy manages to get himself arrested as a spy with designs on India's cultural heritage when he wanders into the village temple. The story goes on to its ultimate denouement as the Indian papers, slow on the uptake, now create a country- wide furor making the incident take on an international flavour with formal protests being lodged with the American Ambassador in India and nearly bringing the Indian Government down for kowtowing to the Americans. Sunita's two daughters though central to the theme are just onlookers and as bewildered as Maggie by the course of events they have unleashed. Babli, the younger one, is the agnostic with a healthy disrespect for the superstitions surrounding the village life. But she triggers off events leading to the acceptance of the child to be a reincarnation of Elvis.
Avatar
Author: Rajesh Jain
Publisher: Partridge Publishing
ISBN: 148287203X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 183
Book Description
From the beginning of time, humanity has longed for the day when justice, peace, equality and compassion will envelop the world. Scripture and holy books of various religions predict a future leader who will unite religions, defeat evil, and establish the Kingdom of Heaven on earth. Today, Jews long for their messiah Meshiack, Christians seek the return of Jesus Christ, Muslims await Imam Mahdi, Buddhists look for the Fifth Buddha Maitreya, Hindus seek the Tenth Avatar Kalki, and Confucian texts speak of a future True Man who will bring peace. But can one man actually fulfill all these religious expectations? Rajesh Jain, a physician by trade, relies on his intuitive experiences, scripture, and research to share a deep examination of various religions and their beliefs regarding the Second Coming, the prophecies of Nostradamus, technological deceptions by elite nations, enigmas of consciousness by Chris King, the American model of unsustainability by Chris Clugston, and the metaphysical concept of Pi by Patrick Mulcahy. Included are his explorations of the education system, the Catholic Church, the labor market, and taxes. Avatar shares a comprehensive examination of the Second Coming through intuitive experiences, scripture, and research.
Publisher: Partridge Publishing
ISBN: 148287203X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 183
Book Description
From the beginning of time, humanity has longed for the day when justice, peace, equality and compassion will envelop the world. Scripture and holy books of various religions predict a future leader who will unite religions, defeat evil, and establish the Kingdom of Heaven on earth. Today, Jews long for their messiah Meshiack, Christians seek the return of Jesus Christ, Muslims await Imam Mahdi, Buddhists look for the Fifth Buddha Maitreya, Hindus seek the Tenth Avatar Kalki, and Confucian texts speak of a future True Man who will bring peace. But can one man actually fulfill all these religious expectations? Rajesh Jain, a physician by trade, relies on his intuitive experiences, scripture, and research to share a deep examination of various religions and their beliefs regarding the Second Coming, the prophecies of Nostradamus, technological deceptions by elite nations, enigmas of consciousness by Chris King, the American model of unsustainability by Chris Clugston, and the metaphysical concept of Pi by Patrick Mulcahy. Included are his explorations of the education system, the Catholic Church, the labor market, and taxes. Avatar shares a comprehensive examination of the Second Coming through intuitive experiences, scripture, and research.
SimChurch
Author: Douglas Estes
Publisher: Zondervan
ISBN: 0310314135
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 257
Book Description
The meeting place for the church of tomorrow will be a computer screen. Don’t laugh, and don’t feel alarmed. The real-world church isn’t going anywhere until Jesus returns. But the virtual church is already here, and it’s poised for explosive growth. SimChurch invites you to explore the vision, the concerns, the challenges, and the remarkable possibilities of building Christ’s kingdom online. What is the virtual church, and what different forms might it take? Will it be an extension of a real-world church, or a separate entity? How will it encourage families to worship together? Is it even possible or healthy to “be” the church in the virtual world? If you’re passionate about the church and evangelism, and if you feel both excitement and concern over the new virtual world the internet is creating, then these are just some of the vital issues you and other postmillennial followers of Jesus must grapple with. Rich in both biblical and current insight, combining exploration and critique, SimChurch opens a long-overdue discussion you can’t afford to miss.
Publisher: Zondervan
ISBN: 0310314135
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 257
Book Description
The meeting place for the church of tomorrow will be a computer screen. Don’t laugh, and don’t feel alarmed. The real-world church isn’t going anywhere until Jesus returns. But the virtual church is already here, and it’s poised for explosive growth. SimChurch invites you to explore the vision, the concerns, the challenges, and the remarkable possibilities of building Christ’s kingdom online. What is the virtual church, and what different forms might it take? Will it be an extension of a real-world church, or a separate entity? How will it encourage families to worship together? Is it even possible or healthy to “be” the church in the virtual world? If you’re passionate about the church and evangelism, and if you feel both excitement and concern over the new virtual world the internet is creating, then these are just some of the vital issues you and other postmillennial followers of Jesus must grapple with. Rich in both biblical and current insight, combining exploration and critique, SimChurch opens a long-overdue discussion you can’t afford to miss.
Halos and Avatars
Author: Craig Detweiler
Publisher: Westminster John Knox Press
ISBN: 1611640040
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 258
Book Description
Craig Detweiler's collection of up-to-the-minute essays on video games' theological themes (and yes, they do exist!) is an engaging and provocative book for gamers, parents, pastors, media scholars, and theologians--virtually anyone who has dared to consider the ramifications of modern society's obsession with video games and online media. Together, these essays take on an exploding genre in popular culture and interpret it through a refreshing and enlightening philosophical lens.
Publisher: Westminster John Knox Press
ISBN: 1611640040
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 258
Book Description
Craig Detweiler's collection of up-to-the-minute essays on video games' theological themes (and yes, they do exist!) is an engaging and provocative book for gamers, parents, pastors, media scholars, and theologians--virtually anyone who has dared to consider the ramifications of modern society's obsession with video games and online media. Together, these essays take on an exploding genre in popular culture and interpret it through a refreshing and enlightening philosophical lens.
Avatars of Shiva
Author: Henry Romano
Publisher: HENRY ROMANO
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 58
Book Description
Shiva's attributes include impetuosity, generosity, and gullibility. People say Shiva is so eager to serve his devotees that he overlooks his safety. He hinders no one—not even demons. As quickly as he can be angry, he can also be appeased. On the other hand, Vishnu's shrewdness and ability to manipulate all situations consistently put him in control. As a result, Vishnu saved Shiva, and Shiva expressed his gratitude to him.
Publisher: HENRY ROMANO
ISBN:
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 58
Book Description
Shiva's attributes include impetuosity, generosity, and gullibility. People say Shiva is so eager to serve his devotees that he overlooks his safety. He hinders no one—not even demons. As quickly as he can be angry, he can also be appeased. On the other hand, Vishnu's shrewdness and ability to manipulate all situations consistently put him in control. As a result, Vishnu saved Shiva, and Shiva expressed his gratitude to him.
Replenish
Author: Lance Witt
Publisher: Baker Books
ISBN: 1441232214
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 219
Book Description
Every leader functions on two stages--the front stage or public world, and the back stage or private world. One cannot lead successfully front stage when one is completely depleted back stage. In a time when pastors are leaving the ministry in record numbers due to cynicism, disillusionment, weariness, and personal scandals, there is an urgent need for soul care in the private lives of leaders. Replenish helps leaders focus on the back stage, the interior life, in order to remain spiritually healthy. In a caring, encouraging tone, it will show pastors how to prioritize matters of the soul develop healthy spiritual practices address problems that lead to burnout create a healthy rhythm in their lives improve their people skills and the spiritual climate of their team develop better systems in their churches discover how to lead an unhurried life For the many ministry leaders who feel alone, in over their heads, or simply worn out, this book will offer welcome relief and a healthy way forward.
Publisher: Baker Books
ISBN: 1441232214
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 219
Book Description
Every leader functions on two stages--the front stage or public world, and the back stage or private world. One cannot lead successfully front stage when one is completely depleted back stage. In a time when pastors are leaving the ministry in record numbers due to cynicism, disillusionment, weariness, and personal scandals, there is an urgent need for soul care in the private lives of leaders. Replenish helps leaders focus on the back stage, the interior life, in order to remain spiritually healthy. In a caring, encouraging tone, it will show pastors how to prioritize matters of the soul develop healthy spiritual practices address problems that lead to burnout create a healthy rhythm in their lives improve their people skills and the spiritual climate of their team develop better systems in their churches discover how to lead an unhurried life For the many ministry leaders who feel alone, in over their heads, or simply worn out, this book will offer welcome relief and a healthy way forward.
The Forgotten Political Avatar
Author: Dr. MAHINDER N. GULATI
Publisher: Partridge Publishing
ISBN: 1482856786
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Book Description
The author was born Feb 1931 in a remote village of Pakistan. At age twenty he became Army officer and published first article at age 22: FORTY DAYS AMONG THE LUSHAIS, thereafter many more in social anthropology journals. War experiences: 1962 Sino-Indian War NEFA; 1965 Indo-Pak War Tank Brigade in Lahore- Khemkaran sector where main tank battle was fought in which Indian Centurions defeated America Pattons. He was member Planning Staff for Bangladesh Operations and was posted at Dacca during mid-December 1971. Cabinet Division of Government of Peoples Republic of Bangladesh appointed Col Gulati as Member Communication Cell of their government. An Army Engineer officer generally has to serve in M.E.S. --- the proverbial Money Earning Service wherein he found himself totally unfit. Therefore he sought premature retirement from the Army in 1978 and worked for about 8-10 years in Middle East countries as Project Manager on roads and housing projects including one in his private capacity in the Highway Authority of Government of Yemen Arab Republic. Green Card holder USA but now back HOME having earned some honest money: Petro-dollars! Col Gulati has authored-published 13 books on military history, biographical and philosophical subjects, besides venturing into the slippery field of politics. He is a prolific writer and has contributed general articles from time to time. After finishing his foreign contracts he settled down at Dehradun for Ph.D. Has thirteen books to his credit on historical-biographical-philosophical subjects besides one in the slippery field of politics. Did PhD in 2006, age 75
Publisher: Partridge Publishing
ISBN: 1482856786
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 216
Book Description
The author was born Feb 1931 in a remote village of Pakistan. At age twenty he became Army officer and published first article at age 22: FORTY DAYS AMONG THE LUSHAIS, thereafter many more in social anthropology journals. War experiences: 1962 Sino-Indian War NEFA; 1965 Indo-Pak War Tank Brigade in Lahore- Khemkaran sector where main tank battle was fought in which Indian Centurions defeated America Pattons. He was member Planning Staff for Bangladesh Operations and was posted at Dacca during mid-December 1971. Cabinet Division of Government of Peoples Republic of Bangladesh appointed Col Gulati as Member Communication Cell of their government. An Army Engineer officer generally has to serve in M.E.S. --- the proverbial Money Earning Service wherein he found himself totally unfit. Therefore he sought premature retirement from the Army in 1978 and worked for about 8-10 years in Middle East countries as Project Manager on roads and housing projects including one in his private capacity in the Highway Authority of Government of Yemen Arab Republic. Green Card holder USA but now back HOME having earned some honest money: Petro-dollars! Col Gulati has authored-published 13 books on military history, biographical and philosophical subjects, besides venturing into the slippery field of politics. He is a prolific writer and has contributed general articles from time to time. After finishing his foreign contracts he settled down at Dehradun for Ph.D. Has thirteen books to his credit on historical-biographical-philosophical subjects besides one in the slippery field of politics. Did PhD in 2006, age 75