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Author: David Richard Lentz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alkalic igneous rocks
Languages : en
Pages : 686
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Book Description
Author: David Richard Lentz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Alkalic igneous rocks
Languages : en
Pages : 686
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Book Description
Author: Gerald E. Ray
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
Skarns in British Columbia have historically been important sources of iron, tungsten, copper, and gold. This publication begins with an introduction on skarn terminology and the problems of skarn identification. It then reviews a genetic model of skarn formation and presents descriptive profiles of eight types of skarn deposits; describes the database of at least 735 skarn occurrences in the province, and the number and distribution of skarns in British Columbia according to their associations, class, age, and distribution; and notes the ages of British Columbia skarns and the total production of various metals extracted from British Columbia skarns. Subsequent sections provide information on assays and metal ratios of mineralized skarns, skarn mineralogy, skarn mineral chemistry, chemistry of skarn-related intrusions, and the mapping and evaluation of skarns. The appendix contains a listing of 735 skarn occurrences in British Columbia, giving deposit name, MINFILE number, latitude/longitude, elements and minerals present, and associated rocks and their ages.
Author: Ronald Massawe
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Metasomatism (Mineralogy)
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Northern New Brunswick and the adjacent Gaspé Peninsula of Québec host numerous contact metasomatic Cu–Au skarn deposits commonly in proximity to small Siluro–Devonian intermediate to felsic stocks and/or dikes. In this region, specifically northern New Brunswick, skarn occurrences are principally hosted within the late Ordovician to early Silurian Matapédia Group, which consists of thin-bedded, dark grey argillaceous limestone and calcareous siltstone. This thesis investigated Cu–Ag skarn occurrences at the McKenzie Gulch (MG) area in northern New Brunswick by integrating field observations, petrographic, petrochemical, electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), fluid inclusions, geochronology (U–Pb zircon and titanite), stable S isotopes, and radiogenic Pb isotopes with the main objective being to understand the petrogenesis of skarn occurrences and establish their relationship to the intrusive rocks. This investigation involved the evaluation of porphyry dikes that are spatially and temporally related to these skarn systems by examining potential parameters that are known to be associated with the genesis of intrusion-related deposits. These magmatic aspects include oxidation state of the magma, water content, P–T conditions, in addition to magma source characteristics, formation, petrochemistry, evolution and emplacement conditions. As a result, two suites of porphyry dikes were recognized in the MG area during this evaluation: (1) plagioclase–hornblende (P–H), and (2) quartz–plagioclase (Q–P) porphyry suites. These Middle Devonian (386.0 ± 2.3 Ma) intrusive rocks are mildly oxidized, I-type granitoids with calc-alkaline affinity that range in composition from granodioritic to tonalitic (with few granitic), based on their petrochemical features. These dikes also exhibit adakite characteristics, a geochemical feature that has been widely associated with many porphyry Cu (and skarn) systems. Petrochemical features and cathodoluminescence (CL) characteristics of quartz crystals from these suites of dikes suggest that two magma chambers were responsible for evolution of these intrusive rocks. The three types of quartz crystals with contrasting CL features have been attributed to at least three different environments of crystallization: 1) a higher temperature environment (up to 915 oC) as recorded by cores of phenocrysts with high Ti concentrations (up to 200 ppm); 2) a moderate to high temperature (≥ 700 ≤ 750 oC) environment as recorded by the transition zones within quartz phenocrysts and microphenocrysts; and 3) a low temperature environment in which groundmass quartz quench crystallized during hypabyssal dike emplacement. Studies of the mineral chemistry showed that composition of calc-silicates (i.e., garnets and pyroxene) have intimate relationship with the dominant metal of the mineralized skarns. These calc-silicate phases plot in their respective compositional fields of Cu-dominated skarns. The investigation conducted on fluid inclusion, geochronology, stable isotope, and mineralization supports field observations, which indicates that skarn formations at the MG area have an association with the intruding porphyry dikes and that this skarn is very similar to and shows no difference with the characteristics of other world-class, intrusion-related skarn systems. Geochronological studies based on U–Pb zircon and hydrothermal titanite indicates a coeval relationship between mineralization and dikes emplacement, suggesting that mineralization in the MG area is short lived or it occurred near the end of magmatic-hydrothermal activity.
Author: Swapan Kumar Haldar
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323851363
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 437
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Book Description
Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology, second edition, presents the essentials of both disciplines through an approach accessible to industry professionals, academic researchers, and students alike. This new edition emphasizes the relationship between rocks and minerals, right from the structures created during rock formation through the economics of mineral deposits. While petrology is classified on the lines of geological evolution and rock formation, mineralogy speaks to the physical and chemical properties, uses, and global occurrences for each mineral, emphasizing the need for the growth of human development. The primary goal is for the reader to identify minerals in all respects, including host-rocks, and mineral deposits, with additional knowledge of mineral-exploration, resource, extraction, process, and ultimate use. To help provide a comprehensive analysis across ethical and socio-economic dimensions, a separate chapter describes the hazards associated with minerals, rocks, and mineral industries, and the consequences to humanity along with remedies and case studies. New to the second edition: includes coverage of minerals and petrology in extra-terrestrial environments as well as case studies on the hazards of the mining industry. Addresses the full scope of core concepts of mineralogy and petrology, including crystal structure, formation and grouping of minerals and soils, definition, origin, structure and classification of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks Features more than 250 figures, illustrations and color photographs to vividly explore the fundamental principles of mineralogy and petrology Offers a holistic approach to both subjects, beginning with the formation of geologic structures that is followed by the hosting of mineral deposits and the exploration and extraction of lucrative, usable products that improve the health of global economies Includes new content on minerals and petrology in extraterrestrial environments and case studies on hazards in the mining industry
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Geology, Economic
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Author: Sophie Decree
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119290538
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
The latest knowledge on mineral ore genesis and the exploration of ore deposits Global demand for metals has risen considerably over the past decade. Geologists are developing new approaches for studying ore deposits and discovering new sources. Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation is a compilation of diverse case studies on new prospects in ore deposit geology including atypical examples of mineral deposits and new methods for ore exploration. Volume highlights include: Presentation of the latest research on a range of ore deposit types Application of ore deposits to multiple areas of geology and geophysical exploration Emphasis on diverse methods and tools for the study of ore deposits Useful case studies for geologists in both academia and industry Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation is a valuable resource for economic geologists, mineralogists, petrologists, geochemists, mining engineers, research professionals, and advanced students in relevant areas of academic study. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/developments-in-the-continuing-search-for-new-mineral-deposits
Author: Kula Misra
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401139253
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 857
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Book Description
Mineral deposits have supplied useful or valuable material for human consumption long before they became objects of scientific curiosity or commercial exploitation. In fact, the earliest human interest in rocks was probably because of the easily accessible, useful (e. g. , red pigment in the form of earthy hematite) or valuable (e. g. , native gold and gemstones) materials they contained at places. In modem times, the study of mineral deposits has evolved into an applied science employing detailed field observations, sophisticated laboratory techniques for additional information, and computer modeling to build complex hypotheses. Understanding concepts that would someday help geologists to find new mineral deposits or exploit the known ones more efficiently have always been, and will continue to be, at the core of any course on mineral deposits, but it is a fascinating subject in its own right, even for students who do not intend to be professional economic geologists. I believe that a course on mineral deposits should be designed as a "capstone course" that illustrates a comprehensive application of concepts from many other disciplines in geology (mineralogy, stratigraphy and sedimentation, structure and tectonics, petrology, geochemistry, paleontology, geomorphology, etc. ). This book is intended as a text for such an introductory course in economic geology, primarily for senior undergraduate and graduate students in colleges and universities. It should also serve as a useful information resource for professional economic geologists.
Author: Wayne David Goodfellow
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1080
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Book Description
Author: Jingwen Mao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540279466
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1580
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Book Description
In June 1965, a small group of European economic geologists gathered in Heidelberg, Germany, at the invitation of Professor G. C. Amstutz and decided to establish the Society for Geology Applied to Mineral Deposits (SGA) and to start a journal to be called Mineralium Deposita. The first issue of the journal came out in May 1966, and has now matured to a leading journal in economic geology The first Biennial SGA Meeting was held successfully in Nancy, France, in 1991, with subsequent meetings in Grenada (Spain; 1993), Prague (Czech Republic; 1995), Turku (Finland; 1997), London (United Kingdom; 1999), Krakov (Poland; 2001) and Athens (Greece; 2003). In 2002, th the SGA Council decided that its 8 Biennial Meeting in 2005 should be held in Beijing, China, making this the first Biennial Meeting to be convened outside - th rope. Significantly, 2005 also marks the 40 anniversary of the SGA. The decision to host this year’s premier meeting in Beijing reflects the Society’s successful transition from its traditional European focus to a truly global organization, with 24% of SGA members situated in North America, 13% in Australia and Oceania, and 5% in Asia. Over the last 27 years China has made dramatic progress towards political and economic reform, and opening the nation to the outside world. China’s rapid e- nomic development demands increasing amounts of minerals, fuels and materials, and this is currently a major driver for the global economic markets.
Author: Alain Chauvet
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038977845
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256
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Book Description
"Structural Control” remains a crucial point that frequently lacks in any scientific and/or economic analysis of ore deposits, whatever their type and class. The case of lode deposits is exemplary, although also other deposits, like breccia pipe, stockwerk, massive sulphides, skarn, etc., can, surprisingly, be concerned. Several concepts like the gold-bearing shear zone have not proven valid during the last few decades in terms of our understanding of gold deposit and have been totally abandoned. Additionally, the relationships between magmatism, regional tectonic context, and mineralization remain uncertain and have been debated in several recent publications. This demonstrates that this issue is still relevant, and its solution may help in the distinction between intrusion-related and orogenic deposits. In this Special Issue, we particularly invite any case study of mineral deposits, in which it has been demonstrated that structural geology may have a significant role in the establishment of the deposit model of formation and/or on exploration and exploitation programs. Examples in which the structural model diverges from those described in the classical literature are particularly welcomed, including studies in which relationships with magmatism can be suspected and/or demonstrated. Indeed, all cases that illustrate concepts that differ from the classic ones and from theoretical models may represent significant contributions to this volume.
