Microstructural and Kinetic Effects on the Behavior of Energetic Materials PDF Download
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Languages : en
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Author: Ulrich Teipel
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527604936
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 643
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Book Description
Incorporation of particular components with specialized properties allows one to tailor the end product's properties. For instance, the sensitivity, burning behavior, thermal or mechanical properties or stability of energetic materials can be affected and even controllably varied through incorporation of such ingredients. This book examines particle technologies as applied to energetic materials such as propellants and explosives, thus filling a void in the literature on this subject. Following an introduction covering general features of energetic materials, the first section of this book describes methods of manufacturing particulate energetic materials, including size reduction, crystallization, atomization, particle formation using supercritical fluids and microencapsulation, agglomeration phenomena, special considerations in mixing explosive particles and the production of nanoparticles. The second section discusses the characterization of particulate materials. Techniques and methods such as particle size analysis, morphology elucidation and the determination of chemical and thermal properties are presented. The wettability of powders and rheological behavior of suspensions and solids are also considered. Furthermore, methods of determining the performance of particular energetic materials are described. Each chapter deals with fundamentals and application possibilities of the various methods presented, with particular emphasis on issues applicable to particulate energetic materials. The book is thus equally relevant for chemists, physicists, material scientists, chemical and mechanical engineers and anyone interested or engaged in particle processing and characterization technologies.
Author: M. Nastasi
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401117659
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 616
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In an attempt to meet the demand for new ultra-high strength materials, the processing of novel material configurations with unique microstructure is being explored in systems which are further and further from equilibrium. One such class of emerging materials is the so-called nanophased or nanostructured materials. This class of materials includes metals and alloys, ceramics, and polymers characterized by controlled ultra-fine microstructural features in the form oflayered, fibrous, or phase and grain distribution. While it is clear that these materials are in an early stage of development, there is now a sufficient body of literature to fuel discussion of how the mechanical properties and deformation behavior can be controlled through control of the microstructure. This NATO-Advanced Study Institute was convened in order to assess our current state of knowledge in the field of mechanical properties and deformation behavior in materials with ultra fine microstructure, to identify opportunities and needs for further research, and to identify the potential for technological applications. The Institute was the first international scientific meeting devoted to a discussion on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of materials having grain sizes down to a few nanometers. Included in these discussions were the topics of superplasticity, tribology, and the supermodulus effect. Lectures were also presented which covered a variety of other themes including synthesis, characterization, thermodynamic stability, and general physical properties.
Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1422345599
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 5
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Mechanical initiation of chemical reactions in energetic materials depends on microstructural details of the materials. Several models are described in the literature that are appropriate for a continuum, such as energy dissipation from plastic flow, or shear bands. A technique is presented here for developing initiation models using relations between macroscopic variables and conditions at inter-grain contact areas in a granular material. The chemical processes that lead to initiation are included by using a 2-D numerical heat transfer model of energy flux on a surface spot of a half-space medium with multiple species chemical reactions. A number of calculations are done and the time to ignition at a given fluence is obtained as a function of spot size. Then simple kinematic relations between macroscopic stresses and the inter-grain contact forces are developed and the shearing velocity at the contact region is related to the macroscopic shear strain rate. Combining these relations leads to an ignition criterion in terms of macroscopic pressure, shear-strain rate and time. Even though very simple approximations for most relations are used, the overall result is similar to commonly used detonation initiation criterion. Experiments to define the constants in the model are under development and will be described.
Author: John C. Mauro
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128242167
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 554
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Book Description
Materials Kinetics: Transport and Rate Phenomena provides readers with a clear understanding of how physical-chemical principles are applied to fundamental kinetic processes. The book integrates advanced concepts with foundational knowledge and cutting-edge computational approaches, demonstrating how diffusion, morphological evolution, viscosity, relaxation and other kinetic phenomena can be applied to practical materials design problems across all classes of materials. The book starts with an overview of thermodynamics, discussing equilibrium, entropy, and irreversible processes. Subsequent chapters focus on analytical and numerical solutions of the diffusion equation, covering Fick’s laws, multicomponent diffusion, numerical solutions, atomic models, and diffusion in crystals, polymers, glasses, and polycrystalline materials. Dislocation and interfacial motion, kinetics of phase separation, viscosity, and advanced nucleation theories are examined next, followed by detailed analyses of glass transition and relaxation behavior. The book concludes with a series of chapters covering molecular dynamics, energy landscapes, broken ergodicity, chemical reaction kinetics, thermal and electrical conductivities, Monte Carlo simulation techniques, and master equations. Covers the full breadth of materials kinetics, including organic and inorganic materials, solids and liquids, theory and experiments, macroscopic and microscopic interpretations, and analytical and computational approaches Demonstrates how diffusion, viscosity microstructural evolution, relaxation, and other kinetic phenomena can be leveraged in the practical design of new materials Provides a seamless connection between thermodynamics and kinetics Includes practical exercises that reinforce key concepts at the end of each chapter
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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Employing advanced tools of continuum thermomechanics, we have developed a fully three-dimensional framework, which in its most general form is able to model all the mentioned behaviors of energetic materials. The concept of microforces, forces that drive changes in material microstructure, is employed to generate consistent equations of evolution for combustion and phase transitions. The method of generating equations for thermomechanical behavior using microforces begins with the generation of a free-energy function that encompasses all the material changes. The Clausius-Duhem inequality, a statement of the second law of thermodynamics, is then applied, restricting the material behavior to be thermodynamically correct a prori. Appropriate forms of coupling behavior and dissipation functions are derived.
Author: John A. Goldak
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387232885
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Computational Welding Mechanics (CWM) provides readers with a complete introduction to the principles and applications of computational welding including coverage of the methods engineers and designers are using in computational welding mechanics to predict distortion and residual stress in welded structures, thereby creating safer, more reliable and lower cost structures. Drawing upon years of practical experience and the study of computational welding mechanics the authors instruct the reader how to: - understand and interpret computer simulation and virtual welding techniques including an in depth analysis of heat flow during welding, microstructure evolution and distortion analysis and fracture of welded structures, - relate CWM to the processes of design, build, inspect, regulate, operate and maintain welded structures, - apply computational welding mechanics to industries such as ship building, natural gas and automobile manufacturing. Ideally suited for practicing engineers and engineering students, Computational Welding Mechanics is a must-have book for understanding welded structures and recent technological advances in welding, and it provides a unified summary of recent research results contributed by other researchers.
Author: The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319487655
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 899
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Power resources
Languages : en
Pages : 526
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