Author: Yigal Horowitz
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080462936
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 501
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Book Description
One of the aims of this book was to focus the attention of specialists to the diversity of the effects of the ionising radiation on biological and physical systems. Special emphasis has been placed on the exquisite complexities/differences introduced by high ionisation density versus low ionisation density irradiation in both biological and physical systems (Scholz – Chapter 1, Horowitz – Chapter 2, Olko – Chapter 3). As well we wanted to point out the need for novel experimental and theoretical approaches required to advance the important fields of micro and nanodosimetry. Important first steps have already been taken, for example, the accelerated application of semiconductor detectors in their various forms to microdosimetry and as well to practical, important applications in the radiation dosimetry of oncological procedures (Rosenfeld – Chapter 6). The vast number of applications of TLD to radiation dosimetry are not neglected; a special chapter is devoted to the application of TLDs to medical dosimetry applications (Mobit and Kron – Chapter 7) as well as a tutorial approach in an additional chapter to the cavity theories required to extrapolate dose from the detector medium to the tissue medium (Mobit and Sandison - Chapter 5). One of the major features of this book is the intensive, in depth, coverage of the theory and modelling of TL both from the solid state physics point of view (Chen – Chapter 4) and the microdosimetic point of view (Horowitz – Chapter 2 and Olko – Chapter 3). The many puzzling, quaint, quizzical features of TL science can now be understood in the framework of these advanced theoretical models, explained in straightforward, understandable terms.· Quantifies/unifies the effects of ionising radiation in both the biological and physical systems· Authoritative treatment of applications of semiconductor detectors and thermoluminescence dosemeters in medica l radiation dosimetry· Basic and advanced aspects of microdosimetry applied to both biological and physical systems· In-depth review of the effects of the density of ionising radiation in tsl and osl · Concise and elegant treatment of cavity theory in medical oncological dosimetry· Comprehensive review of this important interdisciplinary field including hundreds of ilustrations and references
Author: Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Author: Arash Darafsheh
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351005367
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 847
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Book Description
This comprehensive book covers the everyday use and underlying principles of radiation dosimeters used in radiation oncology clinics. It provides an up-to-date reference spanning the full range of current modalities with emphasis on practical know-how. The main audience is medical physicists, radiation oncology physics residents, and medical physics graduate students. The reader gains the necessary tools for determining which detector is best for a given application. Dosimetry of cutting edge techniques from radiosurgery to MRI-guided systems to small fields and proton therapy are all addressed. Main topics include fundamentals of radiation dosimeters, brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy dosimetry, and dosimetry of imaging modalities. Comprised of 30 chapters authored by leading experts in the medical physics community, the book: Covers the basic principles and practical use of radiation dosimeters in radiation oncology clinics across the full range of current modalities. Focuses on providing practical guidance for those using these detectors in the clinic. Explains which detector is more suitable for a particular application. Discusses the state of the art in radiotherapy approaches, from radiosurgery and MR-guided systems to advanced range verification techniques in proton therapy. Gives critical comparisons of dosimeters for photon, electron, and proton therapies.
Author: Joao Seco
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000455564
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
Thoroughly updated throughout, this second edition of Monte Carlo Techniques in Radiation Therapy: Applications to Dosimetry, Imaging, and Preclinical Radiotherapy, edited by Joao Seco and Frank Verhaegen, explores the use of Monte Carlo methods for modelling various features of internal and external radiation sources. Monte Carlo methods have been heavily used in the field of radiation therapy in applications such as dosimetry, imaging, radiation chemistry, modelling of small animal irradiation units, etc. The aim of this book is to provide a compendium of the Monte Carlo methods that are commonly used in radiation therapy applications, which will allow students, postdoctoral fellows, and university professors to learn and teach Monte Carlo techniques. This book provides concise but detailed information about many Monte Carlo applications that cannot be found in any other didactic or scientific book. This second edition contains many new chapters on topics such as: Monte Carlo studies of prompt gamma emission Developments in proton imaging Monte Carlo for cone beam CT imaging Monte Carlo modelling of proton beams for small animal irradiation Monte Carlo studies of microbeam radiation therapy Monte Carlo in micro- and nano-dosimetry GPU-based fast Monte Carlo simulations for radiotherapy This book is primarily aimed at students and scientists wishing to learn and improve their knowledge of Monte Carlo methods in radiation therapy.
Author: Reuven Chen
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1786345803
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 527
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Book Description
In this volume, international leading experts in the study of thermally and optically stimulated luminescence give an up-to-date, comprehensive coverage of the theoretical and experimental aspects of these subjects, as well as their applications.The theory of thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) are discussed in detail including mainly solid state models of localized and delocalized transitions. These models cover the effects occurring during the excitation by irradiation and the read-out by heating or by exposure to light. The methods described consist of analytical mathematical considerations as well as numerical simulations.The main application of these effects, namely radiation dosimetry, includes personal and environmental dosimetry, as well as retrospective dosimetry and the dosimetry of cosmic radiation and space missions. Also discussed in detail are archaeological and geological dating, the use of luminescence dosimetry in medical physics as well as general applications in geosciences, other model subjects such as time-resolved luminescence and thermally assisted OSL, and the sister-subject of thermoluminescence in photosynthetic materials.
Author: Antonio Giulietti
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319315633
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
This book deals with the new method of laser-driven acceleration for application to radiation biophysics and medicine. It provides multidisciplinary contributions from world leading scientist in order to assess the state of the art of innovative tools for radiation biology research and medical applications of ionizing radiation. The book contains insightful contributions on highly topical aspects of spatio-temporal radiation biophysics, evolving over several orders of magnitude, typically from femtosecond and sub-micrometer scales. Particular attention is devoted to the emerging technology of laser-driven particle accelerators and their application to spatio-temporal radiation biology and medical physics, customization of non-conventional and selective radiotherapy and optimized radioprotection protocols.
Author: Slavik Tabakov
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1482224844
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 898
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Book Description
Co-published by the European Medical Imaging Technology e-Encyclopaedia for Lifelong Learning (EMITEL) consortium and supported by the International Organization for Medical Physics (IOMP), Encyclopaedia of Medical Physics contains nearly 2,800 cross-referenced entries relating to medical physics and associated technologies. Split into two convenie
Author: Glenn F. Knoll
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470131489
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 857
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Book Description
Known for its comprehensive coverage and up-to-date literature citations, this classic text provides students and instructors with the most complete coverage available of radiation detection and measurement. Over the decade that has passed since the publication of the 3rd edition, technical developments continue to enhance the instruments and techniques available for the detection and spectroscopy of ionizing radiation. The Fourth Edition of this invaluable resource incorporates the latest developments and cutting-edge technologies to make this the most up-to-date guide to the field available: ? Covers many new materials that are emerging as scintillators that can achieve energy resolution that is better by a factor of two compared with traditional materials ? Presents new material on ROC curves, micropattern gas detectors, new sensors for scintillation light, thick film semiconductors, and digital techniques in detector pulse processing ? Includes updated discussions on TLDs, neutron detectors, cryogenic spectrometers, radiation backgrounds, and the VME instrumentation standard
Author: Sanjay J. Dhoble
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0323854729
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 546
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Book Description
Radiation Dosimetry Phosphors provides an overview of the synthesis, properties and applications of materials used for radiation dosimetry and reviews the most appropriate phosphor materials for each radiation dosimetry technique. The book describes the available phosphors used commercially for their applications in the medical field for dose measurements. Although radiation dosimetry phosphors are commercially available, continuous efforts have been made by the worldwide research community to develop new materials or improve already existing materials used in different areas with low or high levels of radiation. Moreover, researchers are still working on developing dosimetric phosphors for OSL, ML, LL and RPL dosimetry. This book provides an overall view of the phosphors available, low cost synthesis methods, mechanisms involved, emerging trends and new challenges for the development of emerging materials for radiation dosimetry. It is suitable for those working in academia and R&D laboratories in the discipline of materials science and engineering, along with practitioners working in radiation and dosimetry. - Provides the fundamental concepts, historical context and review of current phosphors available for radiation dosimetry - Reviews low-cost material methods to synthesize and characterize rare earth doped inorganic phosphors for different kinds of radiation dosimetry techniques - Discusses key barriers and potential solutions for enabling commercial realization phosphors for radiation dosimetry applications
Author: Vijay B. Pawade
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323906508
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
Phosphor Handbook: Process, Properties and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advances in research on the synthesis, characterization and applications of organic and inorganic phosphors. There is detailed information presented on the characterization of the relevant phosphor groups, such as up-conversion and down-conversion phosphors, inorganic LED phosphors, organic LED phosphors and thermoluminescence and dosimetric phosphors using various physical and chemical advances. Finally, the advances in phosphor technologies are discussed, including current barriers to their use in commercial applications and emerging opportunities. This book is suitable for researchers and practitioners in academia and those working in R&D in industry in the disciplines of materials science and engineering, materials chemistry, materials physics, photonics science and technology, nanotechnology and physical chemistry. - Introduces fundamentals of phosphor materials, including their mechanisms, properties and technologies - Reviews the most important categories of phosphor materials (inorganic and organic) for use in light-emitting diodes and dosimetry - Discusses advances in physical and chemical methods to synthesize and characterize phosphor materials
