Methyl Ester Sulfonate Production Process - Cost Analysis - MES E11A PDF Download
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Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) production from palm oil. The process examined consists of two steps: a transesterification step similar to Lurgi Transesterification process and a sulfonation step similar to Chemithon process. In this process, palm oil and methanol are reacted forming methyl ester, which is then sulfonated to Methyl Ester Sulfonate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8288574, issued to Lurgi in 2012 (2) Handbook of Detergents, Part F: Production Keywords: Methyl Alcohol, Sulfur Burning, Air/SO3 Sulfonation
Author: Intratec
Publisher: Intratec Solutions
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 102
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Book Description
This report presents a cost analysis of Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) production from palm oil. The process examined consists of two steps: a transesterification step similar to Lurgi Transesterification process and a sulfonation step similar to Chemithon process. In this process, palm oil and methanol are reacted forming methyl ester, which is then sulfonated to Methyl Ester Sulfonate. This report was developed based essentially on the following reference(s): (1) US Patent 8288574, issued to Lurgi in 2012 (2) Handbook of Detergents, Part F: Production Keywords: Methyl Alcohol, Sulfur Burning, Air/SO3 Sulfonation
Author: S. Roussos
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401702039
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 449
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Book Description
The practice of biotechnology, though different in style, scale and substance in globalizing science for development involves all countries. Investment in biotechnology in the industrialised, the developing, and the least developed countries, is now amongst the widely accepted avenues being used for economie development. The simple utilization of kefir technology, the detoxification of injurious chemical pesticides e.g. parathion, the genetic tailoring of new crops, and the production of a first of a kind of biopharmaceuticals illustrate the global scope and content of biotechnology research endeavour and effort. In the developing and least developed nations, and in which the 9 most populous countries· are encountered, problems concerning management of the environment, food security, conservation of human health resources and capacity building are important factors that influence the path to sustainable development. Long-term use of biotechnology in the agricultural, food, energy and health sectors is expected to yield a windfall of economic, environmental and social benefits. Already the prototypes of new medicines and of prescription fruit vaccines are available. Gene based agriculture and medieine is increasingly being adopted and accepted. Emerging trends and practices are reflected in the designing of more efficient bioprocesses, and in new research in enzyme and fermentation technology, in the bioconversion of agro industrial residues into bio-utility products, in animal healthcare, and in the bioremediation and medical biotechnologies. Indeed, with each new day, new horizons in biotechnology beckon.
Author: Richard Eugene Frye
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811053111
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Focusing on the practical use of N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) in medicine, this book provides a comprehensive review of the basic biological and clinical studies documenting its benefits in treating medical disease. NAC is perhaps best known as an antidote for acetaminophen, but its therapeutic effect in a wide range of medical diseases has recently been realized. In addition to its well recognized use in radiological contrast prophylaxis for renal disease and pulmonary disorders, studies have suggested significant promise in psychiatric and neurological disorders such as addiction, Alzheimer’s disease, ataxia, autism, bipolar disorder, depression, epilepsy, neuropathy, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, traumatic brain injury and trichotillomania in addition to promising studies in audiology, cardiology, exercise physiology, gastroenterology, hematology, infectious disease, infertility and ophthalmology. Given the promising studies for a wide range of medical conditions, coupled with a excellent safety profile, the potential for NAC in the treatment of human disease appears considerable. Dr Leonore A Herzenberg from Stanford University, a pioneer of redox physiology and the use of NAC, provides a succinct history of the development of the therapeutic use of NAC for medical disease. This is followed by a series of basic science chapters outlining the role of NAC in important physiological processes, including modulation of dopamine and glutamate neurotransmitter systems, redox and mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis and inflammation. The last section of the book is dedicated to clinically oriented chapters that comprehensively review the literature on medical disorders in which NAC has been found to be effective, including toxicity and cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, psychiatric, pulmonary and renal disorders. Each chapter reviews the theoretical biological mechanisms of NAC for the specific diseases reviewed, rates the clinical studies using a standardized criteria in order to provide an objective level of evidence and grade of recommendation for the use of NAC for specific medical conditions and outlines the ongoing clinical trials examining NAC for the treatment of specific diseases. Final chapters review the clinical evidence verifying that specific theoretical biological mechanisms are actually being targeted by NAC in medical disease. Studies on the pharmacology, formulation and potential adverse effects of NAC are also reviewed. A final chapter synthesizes the clinical studies to suggest that the effectiveness of NAC may signal a new basic physiological disorder, glutathione deficiency, which may be an important pathophysiological mechanism of many diseases.
Author: Jozef Samaj
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540726179
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
Plant Proteomics highlights rapid progress in this field, with emphasis on recent work in model plant species, sub-cellular organelles, and specific aspects of the plant life cycle such as signaling, reproduction and stress physiology. Several chapters present a detailed look at diverse integrated approaches, including advanced proteomic techniques combined with functional genomics, bioinformatics, metabolomics and molecular cell biology, making this book a valuable resource for a broad spectrum of readers.
Author: Md Amin Hashim
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9812875050
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 403
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Book Description
This book includes selected papers from the ICGSCE 2014 with focus on the current trends of global resources used to meet the growing demands to improve life style coupled with environmental and social problems related to the resource consumption with emphasize to move towards sustainable development. It provides a platform for scientists and academicians from local and international universities and industries to promote, share and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of Chemical Engineering with respect to global sustainability. Under the sustainability umbrella the topics covered are; alternative energy sources, alternative feedstock for energy and chemicals, alternative raw materials for household commodity, green process with minimal environmental impact, process intensification, waste minimization, recycling of wastes and providing quality water, food and medicines. Other topics covered include: 1. Oil and gas, Biofuel, Fuel cell, Renewable energy 2. Green technology, Sustainability, Environmental, Carbon sequestration, Carbon footprint, Natural resources 3. Chemical processes, Separation technology, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Food technology, Particle technology, Corrosion, Pharmaceutical, Phytochemical, Oleochemical 4. Process modeling, Process Simulation, Process control 5. Advanced material, Polymer, Catalyst, Enzyme 6. Policy, Regulations, Strategy and implementation, Safety, Management of science, Engineering education 7. Process Safety and Loss Prevention, Environmental and chemical risk assessment, Transportation risk analysis, Inherent safety.
Author: Stefan Jurga
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030716120
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 632
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Book Description
This book reviews a novel and exciting field of cellular and molecular biology called epitranscriptomics, which focuses on changes in an organism’s cells resulting from the posttranscriptional modification of cellular RNA. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a crucial role in these posttranscriptional modifications and also support several cellular processes necessary for maintaining RNA homeostasis. Exploring the mechanisms underlying RNA modifications and RBP function is an emerging area of biomedical research, taking the study of gene regulation a step beyond epigenetics. This book reveals that the RNA molecule is not just an information-carrying molecule with some secondary structures. Accordingly, how RNA is modified, regulated, packaged, and controlled is an important aspect. Leading experts address questions such as where the over 170 distinct posttranscriptional RNA modifications are located on the genome, what percentage of mRNAs and noncoding RNAs these modifications include, and how an RNA modification impacts a person’s biology. In closing, the book reviews the role of RNA modifications and RBPs in a variety of diseases and their pathogenesis. Addressing some of the most exciting challenges in epitranscriptomics, this book provides a valuable and engaging resource for researchers in academia and industry studying the phenomena of RNA modification.
Author: Karl M. Kadish
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
This is the first set of Handbook of Porphyrin Science.Porphyrins, phthalocyanines and their numerous analogues and derivatives are materials of tremendous importance in chemistry, materials science, physics, biology and medicine. They are the red color in blood (heme) and the green in leaves (chlorophyll); they are also excellent ligands that can coordinate with almost every metal in the Periodic Table. Grounded in natural systems, porphyrins are incredibly versatile and can be modified in many ways; each new modification yields derivatives demonstrated new chemistry, physics and biology, with a vast array of medicinal and technical applications.As porphyrins are currently employed as platforms for study of theoretical principles and applications in a wide variety of fields, the Handbook of Porphyrin Science represents a timely ongoing series dealing in detail with the synthesis, chemistry, physicochemical and medical properties and applications of polypyrrole macrocycles. Professors Karl Kadish, Kevin Smith and Roger Guilard are internationally recognized experts in the research field of porphyrins, each having his own separate area of expertise in the field. Between them, they have published over 1500 peer-reviewed papers and edited more than three dozen books on diverse topics of porphyrins and phthalocyanines. In assembling the new volumes of this unique Handbook, they have selected and attracted the very best scientists in each sub-discipline as contributing authors of the chaptersThis Handbook will prove to be a modern authoritative treatise on the subject as it is a collection of up-to-date works by world-renowned experts in the field. Complete with hundreds of figures, tables and structural formulas, and thousands of literature citations, all researchers and graduate students in this field will find the Handbook of Porphyrin Science an essential, major reference source for many years to come.
Author: National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Semiconductors
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Book Description
Author: Bharat Bhushan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364235792X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 485
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Book Description
Examining the physical and technical foundation for recent progress with this technique, Applied Scanning Probe Methods offers a timely and comprehensive overview of SPM applications, now that industrial applications span topographic and dynamical surface studies of thin-film semiconductors, polymers, paper, ceramics, and magnetic and biological materials. First it lays the theoretical background of static and dynamic force microscopies, including sensor technology and tip characterization, contributions detail applications such as macro- and nanotribology, polymer surfaces, and roughness investigations. The final part on industrial research addresses special applications of scanning force nanoprobes such as atomic manipulation and surface modification, as well as single electron devices based on SPM.
Author: Ana M. Fortes
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889452727
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 438
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Book Description
Fleshy Fruits are a late acquisition of plant evolution. In addition of protecting the seeds, these specialized organs unique to plants were developed to promote seed dispersal via the contribution of frugivorous animals. Fruit development and ripening is a complex process and understanding the underlying genetic and molecular program is a very active field of research. Part of the ripening process is directed to build up quality traits such as color, texture and aroma that make the fruit attractive and palatable. As fruit consumers, humans have developed a time long interaction with fruits which contributed to make the fruit ripening attributes conform our needs and preferences. This issue of Frontiers in Plant Science is intended to cover the most recent advances in our understanding of different aspects of fleshy fruit biology, including the genetic, molecular and metabolic mechanisms associated to each of the fruit quality traits. It is also of prime importance to consider the effects of environmental cues, cultural practices and postharvest methods, and to decipher the mechanism by which they impact fruit quality traits. Most of our knowledge of fleshy fruit development, ripening and quality traits comes from work done in a reduced number of species that are not only of economic importance but can also benefit from a number of genetic and genomic tools available to their specific research communities. For instance, working with tomato and grape offers several advantages since the genome sequences of these two fleshy fruit species have been deciphered and a wide range of biological and genetic resources have been developed. Ripening mutants are available for tomato which constitutes the main model system for fruit functional genomics. In addition, tomato is used as a reference species for climacteric fruit which ripening is controlled by the phytohormone ethylene. Likewise, grape is a reference species for non-climacteric fruit even though no single master switches controlling ripening initiation have been uncovered yet. In the last period, the genome sequence of an increased number of fruit crop species became available which creates a suitable situation for research communities around crops to get organized and information to be shared through public repositories. On the other hand, the availability of genome-wide expression profiling technologies has enabled an easier study of global transcriptional changes in fruit species where the sequenced genome is not yet available. In this issue authors will present recent progress including original data as well as authoritative reviews on our understanding of fleshy fruit biology focusing on tomato and grape as model species.
