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Author: Roland Adanmenou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
L'évaluation de la réaction et de la résistance au feu des matériaux est d'une importance capitale dans le cadre de la protection des biens et des personnes contre les incendies. Cette évaluation est réalisée généralement grâce à des essais normés qui sont longs et coûteux et qui nécessitent souvent des échantillons de grandes tailles. S'il existe dans la littérature plusieurs bancs d'essais qui permettent de reproduire à échelle réduite les conditions spécifiques de différents feux (feux électriques, feux de bâtiments...), les essais de matériaux exposés à des flux de chaleur élevés et dans des conditions extrêmes issues de feux comme les BLEVE, les feux de nappes et les jet fires sont toujours réalisés à grande échelle. C'est pourquoi dans cette thèse, une approche à échelle réduite a été menée pour développer un banc d'essais, qui permet de tester le comportement au feu de matériaux et de faire criblage rapide pour développer de nouveaux matériaux. Le banc d'essais développé, permet de reproduire à échelle réduite (laboratoire), dans des conditions parfaitement contrôlées, les contraintes thermiques issues de ces feux extrêmes. Ce banc unique doté d'équipements spécifiques avec une métrologie maîtrisée, permet aussi d'étudier les performances et les comportements de matériaux soumis à ces contraintes et de les discriminer. En considérant les flux thermiques générés par ces feux extrêmes, les étapes de développement du banc d'essais, la calibration et la validation avec des essais sur plaque acier sont présentés. Le banc développé permet de reproduire des flux de chaleur entre 100 et 300 kW/m2 (voire au-delà). Pour étudier les performances et les comportements de matériaux autres que l'acier des essais ont été effectués sur des peintures intumescentes à base d'époxy. Les résultats obtenus sont présentés et discutés et des modèles numériques simples sont proposés dans ce travail. Ces modèles numériques permettent d'une part de déterminer et de quantifier les conditions limites, en face exposée et d'autre part de simuler les performances d'une peinture intumescente testée sur le banc d'essais.
Author: Roland Adanmenou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 0
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Book Description
L'évaluation de la réaction et de la résistance au feu des matériaux est d'une importance capitale dans le cadre de la protection des biens et des personnes contre les incendies. Cette évaluation est réalisée généralement grâce à des essais normés qui sont longs et coûteux et qui nécessitent souvent des échantillons de grandes tailles. S'il existe dans la littérature plusieurs bancs d'essais qui permettent de reproduire à échelle réduite les conditions spécifiques de différents feux (feux électriques, feux de bâtiments...), les essais de matériaux exposés à des flux de chaleur élevés et dans des conditions extrêmes issues de feux comme les BLEVE, les feux de nappes et les jet fires sont toujours réalisés à grande échelle. C'est pourquoi dans cette thèse, une approche à échelle réduite a été menée pour développer un banc d'essais, qui permet de tester le comportement au feu de matériaux et de faire criblage rapide pour développer de nouveaux matériaux. Le banc d'essais développé, permet de reproduire à échelle réduite (laboratoire), dans des conditions parfaitement contrôlées, les contraintes thermiques issues de ces feux extrêmes. Ce banc unique doté d'équipements spécifiques avec une métrologie maîtrisée, permet aussi d'étudier les performances et les comportements de matériaux soumis à ces contraintes et de les discriminer. En considérant les flux thermiques générés par ces feux extrêmes, les étapes de développement du banc d'essais, la calibration et la validation avec des essais sur plaque acier sont présentés. Le banc développé permet de reproduire des flux de chaleur entre 100 et 300 kW/m2 (voire au-delà). Pour étudier les performances et les comportements de matériaux autres que l'acier des essais ont été effectués sur des peintures intumescentes à base d'époxy. Les résultats obtenus sont présentés et discutés et des modèles numériques simples sont proposés dans ce travail. Ces modèles numériques permettent d'une part de déterminer et de quantifier les conditions limites, en face exposée et d'autre part de simuler les performances d'une peinture intumescente testée sur le banc d'essais.
Author: Alexander B. Morgan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 111975206X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 608
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Book Description
NON-HALOGENATED FLAME RETARDANT HANDBOOK The 2nd edition of the definitive single book of information, regulations, and how to use non-halogenated flame retardant technology. This book focuses on non-halogenated flame retardants with an emphasis on practical and applied issues, and builds upon the 1st edition, but is not just a re-do/re-edit of 1st/sup edition content. While non-halogenated flame retardants have not greatly changed since the 1st edition was published in 2014, there have been enough advances and changes to merit a 2nd edition. The book includes chapters on regulation and drivers for non-halogenated flame retardants, specific chapters on each of the major classes of flame retardants, as well as some newer technologies/niche non-halogenated solutions which are either starting to enter the market (coatings / bio-derived flame retardants) or are at least being studied with enough detail to bring to the attention of the reader. As with the 1st edition, the 2nd edition still takes a practical approach to addressing the narrow subject of non-halogenated flame retardancy. It includes more emphasis on flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practical considerations in flame retardant material design, and what the strengths and limits of these various technologies are. Previous flame retardant material science books have covered non-halogenated flame retardants, but they focus more on how they work rather than how to use them. This book focuses more on the practical uses, hence the title of the book “Handbook”, which should make it of good use to industrial chemists and material scientists. Audience The primary audience is material scientists, industrial chemists, fire safety engineers who have to meet flame retardant needs to sell products. It will also be useful to academics working to develop new flame retardant solutions.
Author: Charles A. Wilkie
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1040035256
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 800
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Book Description
The third edition of Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials provides a single source for all aspects of this highly challenging field of applied research. This authoritative book covers design and non-fire requirements that drive how these materials are fire protected. Detailed study and consideration of chemistry, physics, materials science, economic issues and fire safety science is necessary to address considerations of mechanical, thermal, environmental, and end-use requirements on top of fire protection means that the field requires. This thoroughly revised new edition continues to offer comprehensive coverage of the scientific approach for those developing fire safe materials. It covers new topics such as bio-based materials, regulatory issues, recycling, newer flame retardant chemical classes, and more details on how to flame retard materials for specific market applications. Written by a team of experts, this book covers the fundamentals of polymer burning and combustion and how to apply fire protection or flame-retardant chemistries to specific material classes and applications. The book is written for material scientists and fire safety scientists who seek to develop new fire safe materials or understand why materials burn in our modern environment. Features Connects fundamentals of material flammability to practical fire safety needs Covers current fire safety requirements and regulations affecting flame retardant selection Provides information on chemical structure-property relationships for flame retardancy Provides practical guidance on how to design fire safe materials for specific fire risk scenarios The new edition is expanded to 32 chapters and all chapters are updated and revised with the newest information
Author: Alexander B. Morgan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118939204
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
A one-stop, practical handbook containing all of the current commercial non-halogenated flame retardant technologies as well as experimental systems near commercialization In response to the emphasis on replacing halogenated flame retardants with alternate technologies, this handbook focuses on existing non-halogenated flame retardants and the experimental close-to-production systems that are available today. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook starts with an overview of the regulations and customer perceptions driving non-halogenated flame retardant selections over older halogenated technologies. It then moves on to cover the known major classes of non-halogenated flame retardants, before concluding with the current niche-performing technologies and untried commercial contenders of the future. The Non-Halogenated Flame Retardant Handbook: Takes a practical approach to addressing the narrow subject of non-halogenated flame retardancy—placing more emphasis on flame retardant selection for specific plastics, practical considerations in flame retardant material design, and the various technologies’ strengths and limits Focuses on the proper use of non-halogenated flame retardants, rather than the mechanics of how they work Discusses important future trends in flame retardancy Features sections written by industrial and chemical experts who know how to apply the technology to polymers for fire safety needs
Author: Debarati Sanyal
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 1421429292
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 289
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Book Description
The Violence of Modernity turns to Charles Baudelaire, one of the most canonical figures of literary modernism, in order to reclaim an aesthetic legacy for ethical inquiry and historical critique. Works of modern literature are commonly theorized as symptomatic responses to the trauma of history. In a climate that tends to privilege crisis over critique, Debarati Sanyal argues that it is urgent to rethink literary experience in terms that recall its contestatory potential. Examining Baudelaire's poems afresh, she shifts the focus of critical attention toward an account of modernism as an active engagement with violence, specifically the violence of history in nineteenth-century France. Sanyal analyzes a literary current that uses the traditional hallmarks of modernism—irony, intertextuality, self-reflexivity, and formalism—to challenge the historical violence of modernity. Baudelaire and the committed ironists writing in his wake teach us how to read and resist the violence of history, and thereby to challenge the melancholy tenor of our contemporary "wound culture." In a series of provocative readings, Sanyal presents Baudelaire's poetry as an aesthetic form that contests historical violence through rhetorical strategies of complicity, counterviolence, and critique. The book develops a new account of Baudelaire's significance as a modernist by dislodging him both from his traditional status as a practitioner of "art for art's sake" and from his more recent incarnation as the poet of trauma. Following her extended analysis of Baudelaire's poetry, Sanyal in later chapters considers a number of authors influenced by his strategies—including Rachilde, Virginie Despentes, Albert Camus, and Jean-Paul Sartre—to examine the relevance of their interventions for our current climate of trauma and terror. The result is a study that underscores how Baudelaire's legacy continues to energize literary engagements with the violence of modernity.
Author:
Publisher: Getty Publications
ISBN: 089236551X
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 281
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Book Description
Building an Emergency Plan provides a step-by-step guide that a cultural institution can follow to develop its own emergency preparedness and response strategy. This workbook is divided into three parts that address the three groups generally responsible for developing and implementing emergency procedures—institution directors, emergency preparedness managers, and departmental team leaders—and discuss the role each should play in devising and maintaining an effective emergency plan. Several chapters detail the practical aspects of communication, training, and forming teams to handle the safety of staff and visitors, collections, buildings, and records. Emergencies covered include natural events such as earthquakes or floods, as well as human-caused emergencies, such as fires that occur during renovation. Examples from the Barbados Museum and Historical Society, the Museo de Arte Popular Americano in Chile, the Mystic Seaport Museum in Connecticut, and the Seattle Art Museum show how cultural institutions have prepared for emergencies relevant to their sites, collections, and regions.
Author: Collectif
Publisher: IRD Éditions
ISBN: 2709922207
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 736
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Book Description
This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.
Author: Linda Strande
Publisher: IWA Publishing
ISBN: 1780404735
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.
Author: International Development Research Centre (Canada)
Publisher: IDRC
ISBN: 088936852X
Category : Cover crops
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
Cover Crops in West Africa Contributing to Sustainable Agriculture
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 174
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Book Description
The Government and authorities in Brazil were faced with a tragic accident in Goiânia resulting from the misuse of a strongly radioactive medical teletherapy source not under radiation protection surveillance. The present report is divided into four parts: a chronology of destruction of the source, discovery of the accident and initial response; a description of the human consequences and the dosimetry and treatment of seriously exposed and contaminated persons; an account of the assessment of the environmental contamination and the remedial actions taken; and observations and recommendations. Appendices and annexes give an assessment of the effectiveness of international co-operation in the emergency response, and provide further information on: public communications; radiological survey equipment; guidelines for the discharge of patients; radiological protection; chemical decontamination; and the lessons learned.
