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Author: Mathias Grote
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022662515X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Today's science tells us that our bodies are filled with molecular machinery that orchestrates all sorts of life processes. When we think, microscopic "channels" open and close in our brain cell membranes; when we run, tiny "motors" spin in our muscle cell membranes; and when we see, light operates "molecular switches" in our eyes and nerves. A molecular-mechanical vision of life has become commonplace in both the halls of philosophy and the offices of drug companies, where researchers are developing “proton pump inhibitors” or medicines similar to Prozac. Membranes to Molecular Machines explores just how late twentieth-century science came to think of our cells and bodies this way. This story is told through the lens of membrane research, an unwritten history at the crossroads of molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and the neurosciences, that directly feeds into today's synthetic biology as well as nano- and biotechnology. Mathias Grote shows how these sciences not only have made us think differently about life, they have, by reworking what membranes and proteins represent in laboratories, allowed us to manipulate life as "active matter" in new ways. Covering the science of biological membranes in the United States and Europe from the mid-1960s to the 1990s, this book connects that history to contemporary work with optogenetics, a method for stimulating individual neurons using light, and will enlighten and provoke anyone interested in the intersection of chemical research and the life sciences—from practitioner to historian to philosopher.
Author: Mathias Grote
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022662515X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Today's science tells us that our bodies are filled with molecular machinery that orchestrates all sorts of life processes. When we think, microscopic "channels" open and close in our brain cell membranes; when we run, tiny "motors" spin in our muscle cell membranes; and when we see, light operates "molecular switches" in our eyes and nerves. A molecular-mechanical vision of life has become commonplace in both the halls of philosophy and the offices of drug companies, where researchers are developing “proton pump inhibitors” or medicines similar to Prozac. Membranes to Molecular Machines explores just how late twentieth-century science came to think of our cells and bodies this way. This story is told through the lens of membrane research, an unwritten history at the crossroads of molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and the neurosciences, that directly feeds into today's synthetic biology as well as nano- and biotechnology. Mathias Grote shows how these sciences not only have made us think differently about life, they have, by reworking what membranes and proteins represent in laboratories, allowed us to manipulate life as "active matter" in new ways. Covering the science of biological membranes in the United States and Europe from the mid-1960s to the 1990s, this book connects that history to contemporary work with optogenetics, a method for stimulating individual neurons using light, and will enlighten and provoke anyone interested in the intersection of chemical research and the life sciences—from practitioner to historian to philosopher.
Author: Jubaraj Bikash Baruah
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9813223723
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
Actions of living beings at any stage of life are of general interest; molecular machines can be a replica of such activities. Stimuli guided movements and shape changes of molecules are one of the rapidly developing areas on which fundamental principles of molecular machine banks. Thus, the understanding of intriguing concepts of molecular machines is essential. Miniaturization, efficiency, stability and robustness in performing activities are some of the important points associated with molecular machines. Using molecular machines for practical purposes will further strengthen fundamentals of science and technology and also guide future market economy. Recent advent of techniques to handle materials at microscopic level has benefited the topic of molecular machines and is ready to be taken to a higher level as compared to other competing topics of science and technology. Molecular machines is a contemporary hot topic with future scope. The Nobel Prize in the year 2016 was shared by three scientists Prof. Ben Feringa, Prof. J Fraser Stoddart and Prof. Jean-Pierre Sauvage for their contribution to the topic. This book on molecular machines is aimed to cater to the need of graduate students and researchers by providing the fundamental aspects on molecular machines.
Author: Kenneth M. Merz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468485806
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 596
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Book Description
The interface between a living cell and the surrounding world plays a critical role in numerous complex biological processes. Sperm/egg fusion, virus/cell fusion, exocytosis, endocytosis, and ion permeation are a few examples of processes involving membranes. In recent years, powerful tools such as X-ray crystal lography, electron microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and infra-red and Raman spectroscopy have been developed to characterize the structure and dy namics of biomembranes. Despite this progress, many of the factors responsible for the function of biomembranes are still not well understood. The membrane is a very complicated supramolecular liquid-crystalline structure that is largely composed of lipids, forming a bilayer, to which proteins and other biomolecules are anchored. Often, the lipid bilayer environment is pictured as a hydropho bic structureless slab providing a thermodynamic driving force to partition the amino acids of a membrane protein according to their solubility. However, much of the molecular complexity of the phospholipid bilayer environment is ignored in such a simplified view. It is likely that the atomic details of the polar head group region and the transition from the bulk water to the hydrophobic core of the membrane are important. An understanding of the factors responsible for the function of biomembranes thus requires a better characterization at the molec ular level of how proteins interact with lipid molecules, of how lipids affect protein structure and of how lipid molecules might regulate protein function.
Author: Benot Roux
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814343447
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 288
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Book Description
Molecular machines are complex biomolecules (protein, DNA, RNA and carbohydrates that consume energy in order to perform specific functions. To understand how these systems perform their functions, it is necessary to have detailed knowledge of the conformational states of these molecular machines, as well as the reaction pathways connecting them. Many of these conformational transitions take place on a timescale that is far beyond what is attainable with current molecular dynamics simulations on large and complex systems. On the other hand, experimental methods are often unable to detect the short-lived transient features occurring during such conformational transitions. Thus, breaking new ground toward a complete knowledge of the reaction pathways of molecular machines requires a novel paradigm permitting a seamless integration of structural, dynamical and functional data among existing theories, models and simulations. This review volume provides the most updated summary on the cutting-edge research of many molecular machines, ranging from ATPase, DNA polymerase, ribosome, calcium pump, chloride channel, neurotransmitters transporter, chaperon GroEL for protein folding, microtubes and chromatin, voltage-gating proteins, membrane fusion snare proteins, actin and myosin, DNA base flipping enzymes and proteins that are responsible for our immune system. It contains results from both theoretical and experimental fronts, thus giving students and researches in biosciences a pedagogically integrated picture of this critical network that we called "Life."
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cell proliferation
Languages : en
Pages : 636
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Book Description
Author: Jürgen-Hinrich Fuhrhop
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 0851867324
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
Membranes and Molecular Assemblies: The Synkinetic Approach contains 118 colour illustrations and a further 70 in black and white. Great care has been taken to choose graphics that illustrate difficult concepts. The book describes the wealth of membrane structures realized by chemists mainly within the last two decadesmicelles, vesicles, fibres, and surface monolayers - from the point of view of supramolecular chemistry. It puts new emphasis on "synkinetic" procedures for the preparation of non-covalent assemblies as well as their structural characterization by electron microscopy, solid state NMR spectroscopy, and comparison to X-ray crystal structures. The supramolecular structure of well-defined molecular assemblies and their use as complex reaction systems is also emphasized. Stereoselective surface recognition, asymmetric membranes, vectorial photoreactions, solid molecular bilayers in the form of tubules or helical rods, and sealable nanopores in membranes or on electrode surfaces are a few outstanding examples. In addition, the importance of well-defined gaps on surfaces and within membranes and crystals is discussed in context for the first time. Membranes and Molecular Assemblies will provide a fascinating read for graduates, researchers, and teachers in bio-organic chemistry, with interests in membranes and surface and colloid structure.
Author: Milton H.Jr. Saier
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
There is something fascinating about science. One gets such wholesale returns of conjecture out of such a trifling investment of fact. Mark Twain The recent explosion in ou. r knowledge of basis physiologic processes, molecular biology, and genetic regulatory mech anisms has resulted, in large measure, from a single concep tual advance: the realization that, at the molecular level, evolutionarily divergent organisms are more similar than different. Thus, in Escherichia coli and Homo sapiens, the enzymatic pathways for the utilization of galactose and glu cose are the same, although more than a single sequence of enzymatic reactions can lead to the utilization of either sugar. Also, extensive studies have revealed the essential of the genetic code, the mechanism of decxy universality ribonucleic acid (DNA) repli~ation, and the processes by which genetic information is transcribed to ribonucleic acid (RNA) and RNA is translated into protein. A detailed com parative examination of anyone area of biologic interest, of course, reveals differences among phylogenetically distinct organisms. In prokaryotic organisms protein synthesis is initiated with N-formyl methionyl-transfer RNA (tRNA), whereas methionyl tRNA serves this function in the cyto plasm of the eukaryote. Mechanistic differences may have evolved to accommodate the differing degrees of com plexity of cellular construction or to coordinate functions of differentiated cells in a multicellular organism. Yet, we must realize that the basic, life-endowing molecular pro cesses had to exist prior to extensive evolutionary diverg ence-before the appearance of two distinct cell types.
Author: Ross Dalbey
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080552161
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 651
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Book Description
This volume of The Enzymes features high-caliber thematic articles on the topic of molecular machines involved in protein transport across cellular membranes. The book consists of five parts which span the range of membranes including bacterial, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial, chloroplast, and peroxismal.
Author: Anthony Gordon Lee
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780854325771
Category : Biochemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Author: Roy Jerome Levin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biological transport
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
