Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Low Carbon Equivalent Austempered Ductile Iron [microform] PDF Download
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![Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Low Carbon Equivalent Austempered Ductile Iron [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/O1hOXwAACAAJ?fife=w150-h200)
Author: Amir Hossein Behravesh
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780315892859
Category : Iron, Nodular
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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![Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Low Carbon Equivalent Austempered Ductile Iron [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/O1hOXwAACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Amir Hossein Behravesh
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN: 9780315892859
Category : Iron, Nodular
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Author: Ranjit Kumar Panda
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659697043
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Even since its discovery in 1948, the use of ductile iron is increasing continuously, this is due to the combination of its various excellent mechanical properties. Excessive amount of research is being carried out to develop even better properties. Austempererd ductile iron is the most recent development in the area of ductile iron or S.G. iron. This is formed by an isothermal heat treatment of the ductile iron. The newly developed austempered ductile iron is now replacing steel in many fields so it has becoming very important to various aspects of this material. In the present work the effect of copper along with the process variables (austempering temperature and austempering time) on the properties (Hardness, Tensile strength and Elongation) and microstructure of ductile iron is studied. With increasing austempering time hardness, tensile strength and elongation are increasing but with increasing austempering temperature hardness and tensile strength are decreasing and elongation increasing. Austempered ductile iron with copper is showing some higher strength, hardness and lower elongation than the austempered ductile iron without copper. In microstructure ferrite is increasing
Author: Kathy L. Hayrynen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Author: Robyn A. Johnson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Gregory P. Faubert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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Author: Walter L. Riggs
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 202
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Author: Nawras Darwish
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Author: Duncan Colin Putman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has a microstructure consisting mainly of high carbon austenite, bainitic ferrite and graphite nodules, produced by a two stage austenitisation and austempering heat treatment. The resulting microstructure gives these materials a combination of high strength and toughness, making them attractive for a wide range of applications. To increase surface hardness, ductile iron alloys can also be cast into chilled moulds to induce carbide formation in the required areas of components. These chilled ductile iron alloys can also be subjected to austenitisation and austempering heat treatments, therefore further improving the mechanical properties of the components core, whilst retaining the hard carbides present in the surface layers. This work encompasses three main areas; two are concerned with the production of generic microstructure models, which work in conjunction with thermodynamic modelling software MTDATA, and one relates to high temperature X-ray diffraction experiments. The first modelling section details how a computer program was developed that can be used to investigate how chemical composition influences the chill tendency of ductile iron alloys. The model predictions were shown to be in good agreement with a wide range of experimental measurements. The second modelling section considers ADI alloys. A computer program was developed which, given the chemical composition and austenitisation and austempering temperatures, produces a prediction of the microstructure of the alloy at the end of stage 1 of the austempering heat treatment, taking into account segregation of alloying elements. Experimental segregation profiles produced during this work showed good agreement with the model predictions. Furthermore, predictions of the stage 1 transformation kinetics as a function of alloying element segregation, are also made by the model. Therefore, the local microstructural transformation times during austempering can be predicted. Good agreement has been observed between phase volume fractions, transformation times and mechanical property predictions made using the model and those found in literature, therefore a useful tool for new alloy development has been produced. High temperature X-ray diffraction experiments were also performed as part of this work. Microstructures typical of ADI alloys were produced during these experiments, although small quantities of pearlite were observed in the samples, and care was taken to minimise any effects of decarburisation and/or oxidation. The austenite carbon content was monitored during austenitisation and austempering, enabling comparisons to be made between high temperature and low temperature X-ray diffraction measurements in ADI alloys.
Author: Saranya Panneerselvam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Materials science
Languages : en
Pages : 199
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Austempered Ductile Cast Iron is emerging as an important engineering materials in recent years because of its excellent combination of mechanical properties such as high strength with good ductility, good fatigue strength and fracture toughness together with excellent wear resistance. These combinations of properties are achieved by the microstructure consisting of acicular ferrite and high carbon austenite. Refining of the ausferritic microstructure will further enhance the mechanical properties of ADI and the presence of proeutectoid ferrite in the microstructure will considerably improve the ductility of the material. Thus, the focus of this investigation was to develop nanostructured austempered ductile cast iron (ADI) consisting of proeutectoid ferrite, bainitic ferrite and high carbon austenite and to determine its microstructure-property relationships. Compact tension and cylindrical tensile test samples were prepared as per ASTM standards, subjected to various heat treatments and the mechanical tests including the tensile tests, plane strain fracture toughness tests, hardness tests were performed as per ASTM standards. Microstructures were characterized by optical metallography, X-ray diffraction, SEM and TEM. Nanostructured ADI was achieved by a unique heat treatment consisting of austenitization at a high temperature and subsequent plastic deformation at the same austenitizing temperature followed by austempering. The investigation also examined the effect of cryogenic treatment, effect of intercritical austenitizing followed by single and two step austempering, effect of high temperature plastic deformation on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the low alloyed ductile cast iron. The mechanical and thermal stability of the austenite was also investigated. An analytical model has been developed to understand the crack growth process associated with the stress induced transformation of retained austenite to martensite.
Author: Y. Iio
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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