Author: Gavian, S.
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 4

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Book Description

Author: Eskinder Zinabu Belachew
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000011712
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 114

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Book Description
This book is an initial attempt to estimate the loads of heavy metal and nutrient loads into an industrial effluent receiving rivers of a typical industrializing catchment. It shows the effects and impacts of diffuse and point sources of these loads into the rivers, and illuminate management, capacity and policy gaps of riverine water and sediment monitoring in the sub-Saharan countries perspective from Ethiopia. The study was done in semi-arid catchments of Kombolcha city with industrialising urban and peri-urban areas in north-central Ethiopia. The Leyole and Worka rivers, which receives industrial effluent and wash-off from the catchments’ areas, were monitored for two years. This book contribute to our understanding on applicable methods to quantify loads of diffuse and point sources in data poor areas, and the most important contribution is to address the gaps in in controlling emission changes and. The results of this book contribute to the theory of river protection and understanding of water quality management of sub-Saharan African tropical rivers and sediments and provides policy options for improvement in rivers water quality of the sub-Saharan countries. In bridging this gap, this book proposed a model to estimate the total loads of nitrogen and phosphorus from a catchment.

Author:
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9291461555
Category : Animal industry
Languages : en
Pages : 109

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Book Description

Author: Klaus Deininger
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Book Description
Although a large theoretical literature discusses the possible inefficiency of sharecropping contracts, the empirical evidence on this phenomenon has been ambiguous at best. Household-level fixed-effect estimates from about 8,500 plots operated by households that own and sharecrop land in the Ethiopian highlands provide support for the hypothesis of Marshallian inefficiency. At the same time, a factor adjustment model suggests that the extent to which rental markets allow households to attain their desired operational holding size is extremely limited. Our analysis points towards factor market imperfections (no rental for oxen), lack of alternative employment opportunities, and tenure insecurity as possible reasons underlying such behavior, suggesting that, rather than worrying almost exclusively about Marshallian inefficiency, it is equally warranted to give due attention to the policy framework within which land rental markets operate.

Author: Simeon Ehui
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9789291461202
Category : Agricultural productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Book Description
This paper argues that partial productivity measures are inappropriate and at times misleading for assessing the performance of agricultural production technologies and systems. This is especially true where substantial changes in resource stock and flows accompany the production process. Superlative-index based total factor productivity measures are a more appropriate technique to compare production efficiency and sustainability of alternative systems. Mathematical formulations of intertemporal and interspatial total factor productivity measures with and without considering changes in resource stock and flows are shown. Then three case studies from sub-Saharan Africa in which this approach was applied are reviewed. These studies show that total factor productivity measures are biased if changes in resource stock and flows are not appropriately accounted for in intertemporal comparisons, and differences in input intensity are not accounted for in interspatial comparisons.

Author: Hosaena Ghebru Hagos
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 48

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Book Description
While there are ample empirical studies that claim the potential disincentive effects of sharecropping arrangements, the existing literature is shallow in explaining why share tenancy contracts are prevalent and diffusing in many developing countries. Using a unique tenant-landlord matched dataset from the Tigray region of Ethiopia, we are able to show how the tenants’ strategic response to the varying economic and tenure-security status of the landlords can explain sharecroppers’ productivity differentials. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use tenant–landlord matched data that accounts for both the supply (landlord) and demand (tenant) side characteristics in analyzing sharecroppers’ level of effort and productivity. The study reveals that sharecroppers’ yields are significantly lower on plots leased from landlords who are non-kin, who are female, who have lower income-generating opportunity, and who are tenure insecure than on plots leased from landlords with the opposite characteristics. While, on aggregate, the results show no significant efficiency loss on kin-operated sharecropped plots, more decomposed analyses indicate strong evidence of Marshallian inefficiency on kin-operated plots leased from landlords with weaker bargaining power and higher tenure insecurity. This study thus shows how failure to control for the heterogeneity of landowners’ characteristics can explain the lack of clarity in the existing empirical literature on the extent of moral hazard problems in sharecropping contracts.

Author: Tesfaye Teklu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Land reform
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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Book Description

Author: International Livestock Research Institute
Publisher: ILRI (aka ILCA and ILRAD)
ISBN: 9789291460809
Category : Livestock
Languages : en
Pages : 90

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Book Description

Author: Getnet Alemu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Book Description

Author: Nico Heerink
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9783790813517
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 404

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Book Description
This book provides an overview of quantitative approaches to analyse the effects of economic policy reforms on sustainable land use in less developed countries (LDCs). Its purpose is to assess recent advances in modelling approaches, to identify key issues in quantifying the relationships, and to formulate recommendations on future research directions that may add to further improve our understanding of the potential effects of economic policy instruments on soil quality changes in LDCs. Special attention is paid to modelling the responses of farm households to policy incentives.