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One of the biggest challenges in the study of the nucleon structure is the understanding of the transition from partonic degrees of freedom to hadronic degrees of freedom. In 1970, Bloom and Gilman noticed that structure function data taken at SLAC in the resonance region average to the scaling curve of deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Early theoretical interpretations suggested that these two very different regimes can be linked under the condition that the quark-gluon and quark-quark interactions are suppressed. Substantial efforts are ongoing to investigate this phenomenon both experimentally and theoretically. Quark-hadron duality has been confirmed for the unpolarized structure function F2 of the proton and the deuteron using data from the experimental Hall C at Jefferson Lab (JLab). Indications of duality have been seen for the proton polarized structure function g1 and the virtual photon asymmetry A1 at JLab Hall B and HERMES. Because of the different resonance behavior, it is expected that the onset of duality for the neutron will happen at lower momentum transfer than for the proton. Now that precise spin structure data in the DIS region are available at large x, data in the resonance region are greatly needed in order to test duality in spin-dependent structure functions. The goal of experiment E01-012 was to provide such data on the neutron (3He) in the moderate momentum transfer (Q2) region, 1.0
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Languages : en
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Book Description
One of the biggest challenges in the study of the nucleon structure is the understanding of the transition from partonic degrees of freedom to hadronic degrees of freedom. In 1970, Bloom and Gilman noticed that structure function data taken at SLAC in the resonance region average to the scaling curve of deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Early theoretical interpretations suggested that these two very different regimes can be linked under the condition that the quark-gluon and quark-quark interactions are suppressed. Substantial efforts are ongoing to investigate this phenomenon both experimentally and theoretically. Quark-hadron duality has been confirmed for the unpolarized structure function F2 of the proton and the deuteron using data from the experimental Hall C at Jefferson Lab (JLab). Indications of duality have been seen for the proton polarized structure function g1 and the virtual photon asymmetry A1 at JLab Hall B and HERMES. Because of the different resonance behavior, it is expected that the onset of duality for the neutron will happen at lower momentum transfer than for the proton. Now that precise spin structure data in the DIS region are available at large x, data in the resonance region are greatly needed in order to test duality in spin-dependent structure functions. The goal of experiment E01-012 was to provide such data on the neutron (3He) in the moderate momentum transfer (Q2) region, 1.0
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Languages : en
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Book Description
One of the biggest challenges in the study of the nucleon structure is the understanding of the transition from partonic degrees of freedom to hadronic degrees of freedom. In 1970, Bloom and Gilman noticed that structure function data taken at SLAC in the resonance region average to the scaling curve of deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Early theoretical interpretations suggested that these two very different regimes can be linked under the condition that the quark-gluon and quark-quark interactions are suppressed. Substantial efforts are ongoing to investigate this phenomenon both experimentally and theoretically. Quark-hadron duality has been confirmed for the unpolarized structure function F2 of the proton and the deuteron using data from the experimental Hall C at Jefferson Lab (JLab). Indications of duality have been seen for the proton polarized structure function g1 and the virtual photon asymmetry A1 at JLab Hall B and HERMES. Because of the different resonance behavior, it is expected that the onset of duality for the neutron will happen at lower momentum transfer than for the proton. Now that precise spin structure data in the DIS region are available at large x, data in the resonance region are greatly needed in order to test duality in spin-dependent structure functions. The goal of experiment E01-012 was to provide such data on the neutron (3He) in the moderate momentum transfer (Q2) region, 1.0
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Languages : en
Pages : 214
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One of the biggest challenges in the study of the nucleon structure is the understanding of the transition from partonic degrees of freedom to hadronic degrees of freedom. In 1970, Bloom and Gilman noticed that structure function data taken at SLAC in the resonance region average to the scaling curve of deep inelastic scattering (DIS). Early theoretical interpretations suggested that these two very different regimes can be linked under the condition that the quark-gluon and quark-quark interactions are suppressed. Substantial efforts are ongoing to investigate this phenomenon both experimentally and theoretically. Quark-hadron duality has been confirmed for the unpolarized structure function F2 of the proton and the deuteron using data from the experimental Hall C at Jefferson Lab (JLab). Indications of duality have been seen for the proton polarized structure function g1 and the virtual photon asymmetry A1 at JLab Hall B and HERMES. Because of the different resonance behavior, it is expected that the onset of duality for the neutron will happen at lower momentum transfer than for the proton. Now that precise spin structure data in the DIS region are available at large x, data in the resonance region are greatly needed in order to test duality in spin-dependent structure functions. The goal of experiment E01-012 was to provide such data on the neutron (3He) in the moderate momentum transfer (Q2) region, 1.0 Qsup2/sup 4.0 (GeV/csup2/sup), where duality is expected to hold. The experiment ran successfully in early 2003 at Jefferson Lab in Hall B. It was an inclusive measurement of longitudinally polarized electrons scattering from a longitudinally or transversely polarized sup3/supHe target. Asymmetries and cross section differences were measured in order to extract the sup3/supHe spin structure function gsub1/sub and virtual photon asymmetry Asub1/sub in the resonance region. A test of quark-hadron duality has then been performed for the sup3/supHe and neutron structure functions. The study of spin duality for the neutron will provide a better understanding of the mechanism of the strong interaction. Moreover, if duality is well understood, our resonance data will bring information on the high x region where theoretical predictions for A
Author: Yelena Alexandrovna Prok
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Languages : en
Pages : 554
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Experiment E143 at SLAC measured the proton and deuteron spin structure functions g[sub 1][sup p], g[sub 2][sup p], g[sub 1][sup d] and g[sub 2][sup d] using polarized electrons at beam energies of 29, 16, and 9.7 GeV incident on polarized [sup 15]NHY[sub 3] and [sup 15]ND[sub 3] targets. Two spectrometers detected the scattered electrons at the angles 4.5[sup o] and 7.0[sup o], covering a kinematic range of x> 0.03 and 0.3
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Languages : en
Pages : 52303
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We present an overview of the measurements for polarized electron scattering from polarized NH_3, ND_3, and ^3He targets at JLab. All three experimental halls are involved in this program. The data span a range in Q^2 up to about 3.5 GeV^2 and a range in the gamma*N invariant mass W up to 3.5 GeV. The photon absorption function A_1 and the spin structure function g1 for the proton and deuteron have been extracted from data obtained with the CLAS spectrometer. The photon absorption functions, A_1 and A_2, and the spin structure functions g_1 and g_2 for ^3He have been obtained from Hall A data.
Author: Paul Edgar Raines
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Languages : en
Pages : 207
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Languages : en
Pages : 216
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Since the 1980's, the study of nucleon (proton or neutron) spin structure has been an active field both experimentally and theoretically. One of the primary goals of this work is to test our understanding of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the fundamental theory of the strong interaction. In the high energy region of asymptotically free quarks, QCD has been verified. However, verifiable predictions in the low energy region are harder to obtain due to the complex interactions between the nucleon's constituents: quarks and gluons. In the non-pertubative regime, low-energy effective field theories such as chiral perturbation theory provide predictions for the spin structure functions in the form of sum rules. Spin-dependent sum rules such as the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule are important tools available to study nucleon spin structure. Originally derived for real photon absorption, the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn (GDH) sum rule was first extended for virtual photon absorption in 1989. The extension of the sum rule provides a unique relation, valid at any momentum transfer ($Q{̂2}$), that can be used to study the nucleon spin structure and make comparisons between theoretical predictions and experimental data. Experiment E97-110 was performed at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab) to examine the spin structure of the neutron and ${̂3}$He. The Jefferson Lab longitudinally-polarized electron beam with incident energies between 1.1 and 4.4 GeV was scattered from a longitudinally or transversely polarized ${̂3}$He gas target in the Hall A end station. Asymmetries and polarized cross-section differences were measured in the quasielastic and resonance regions to extract the spin structure functions $g_{1}(x,Q{̂2})$ and $g_{2}(x,Q{̂2})$ at low momentum transfers (0.02 $
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Spin structure functions of the nucleon in the region of large x and small to moderate Q2 continue to be of high current interest. The first moment of the spin structure function g1, [Gamma]1, goes through a rapid transition from the photon point (Q2=0), where it is constrained by the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule, to the deep inelastic limit where it is sensitive to the nucleon spin fraction carried by quarks. The interesting behavior in the transition region is dominated by baryon resonance excitations. We concluded an experiment to measure these observables for deuterium as part of the ''EG1'' run group in Jefferson Lab's Hall B. We used a highly polarized electron beam with energies from 1.6 GeV to 5.7 GeV and a cryogenic polarized ND3 target together with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) to accumulate over 11 billion events. In this thesis, we present results for the spin structure function g1{sup d} (x, Q2), as well as its first moment, [Gamma]1{sup d}(Q2) in and above the resonance region over a Q2 range from 0.05 to 5 Gev2, based on the data taken with beam energies of 1.6 and 5.7 GeV. We also extract the behavior of A1{sup d}(x) at large x. Our data are consistent with the Hyperfine-perturbed quark model calculation which predicts that A1{sup d} (x 2!1) 2!1. We also see evidence for duality in g1{sup d} (x, Q2) at Q2> GeV2.
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The spin dependent cross sections,?{sup T}12 and?{sup T}32, and asymmetries, A{sub {parallel}} and A{sub {perp}}, for 3He have been measured at the Jefferson Lab's Hall A facility. The inclusive scattering process 3{vec He}({vec e}, e)X was performed for initial beam energies ranging from 0.86 to 5.1 GeV, at a scattering angle of 15.5°. Data includes measurements from the quasielastic peak, resonance region, and the deep inelastic regime. An approximation for the extended Gcrasimov-Drell-Hcarn integral is presented at a 4-momentum transfer Q2 of 0.2-1.0 GeV2 . Also presented are results on the performance of the polarized 3He target. Polarization of 3He vvas achieved by the process of spin-exchange collisions with optically pumped rubidium vapor. The 3He polarization was monitored using the NMR technique of adiabatic fast passage (AFP). The average target polarization was approximately 35% and was determined to have a systematic uncertainty of roughly ±4% relative.
