Author: Thomas Davy Luke
Publisher: Wentworth Press
ISBN: 9780530756073
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 496
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Manual of Physio-Therapeutics
Author: Thomas Davy Luke
Publisher: Wentworth Press
ISBN: 9780530756073
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 496
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Publisher: Wentworth Press
ISBN: 9780530756073
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 496
Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Manual Physical Therapy of the Spine - E-Book
Author: Kenneth A. Olson
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323263070
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
Master the techniques and problem-solving skills needed to manage spinal and TMJ disorders! Manual Physical Therapy of the Spine, 2nd Edition provides guidelines to manipulation, manual physical therapy examination, and treatment procedures of the spine and temporomandibular joint. Informed by evidence-based research, this text offers detailed instructions for reaching an accurate diagnosis and developing a plan of care. Written by well-known spinal manipulation expert Kenneth Olson, this resource provides the complete information you need to make sound decisions during clinical interventions. - Descriptions of manual therapy techniques include evidence-based coverage of the examination and treatment of spine and TMJ disorders, along with discussions of alternative treatment methods and potential adverse effects and contraindications to manipulation. - Guidelines for completing a comprehensive spinal examination include medical screening, the patient interview, disability assessment, and tests and measures, along with an evaluation of the examination findings and the principles involved in arriving at a diagnosis and plan of care. - Impairment-based manual physical therapy approach includes a review of the evidence to support its use to evaluate and treat spinal and TMJ conditions. - Case studies demonstrate the clinical reasoning used in manual physical therapy. - Guide to Physical Therapist Practice terminology is incorporated throughout the book, using accepted terms familiar in physical therapy settings. - Expert author Ken Olson is a highly respected authority on the subject of spinal manipulation in physical therapy. - A clear, consistent format for explaining techniques makes this reference easy to use in the clinical setting. - NEW! Coverage of emerging topics includes soft tissue assessment, mobilization, dry needling, myofascial pain and trigger points, thoracic outlet syndrome, cervicogenic dizziness, and differentiation of headache types, plus expanded coverage of examination procedures and psychologically informed management strategies for chronic low back pain. - 120 NEW video clips are added to the companion website — over 200 videos in total provide unique 3-dimensional views of exam and manipulation techniques, showing each procedure step by step from frontal, lateral, and cranial perspectives. - NEW! Full-color design and photographs show essential concepts and procedures from multiple angles, illustrating hand and body placement and direction of force. - UPDATED evidence-based research provides the latest thinking on manual therapy of the spine.
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323263070
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 434
Book Description
Master the techniques and problem-solving skills needed to manage spinal and TMJ disorders! Manual Physical Therapy of the Spine, 2nd Edition provides guidelines to manipulation, manual physical therapy examination, and treatment procedures of the spine and temporomandibular joint. Informed by evidence-based research, this text offers detailed instructions for reaching an accurate diagnosis and developing a plan of care. Written by well-known spinal manipulation expert Kenneth Olson, this resource provides the complete information you need to make sound decisions during clinical interventions. - Descriptions of manual therapy techniques include evidence-based coverage of the examination and treatment of spine and TMJ disorders, along with discussions of alternative treatment methods and potential adverse effects and contraindications to manipulation. - Guidelines for completing a comprehensive spinal examination include medical screening, the patient interview, disability assessment, and tests and measures, along with an evaluation of the examination findings and the principles involved in arriving at a diagnosis and plan of care. - Impairment-based manual physical therapy approach includes a review of the evidence to support its use to evaluate and treat spinal and TMJ conditions. - Case studies demonstrate the clinical reasoning used in manual physical therapy. - Guide to Physical Therapist Practice terminology is incorporated throughout the book, using accepted terms familiar in physical therapy settings. - Expert author Ken Olson is a highly respected authority on the subject of spinal manipulation in physical therapy. - A clear, consistent format for explaining techniques makes this reference easy to use in the clinical setting. - NEW! Coverage of emerging topics includes soft tissue assessment, mobilization, dry needling, myofascial pain and trigger points, thoracic outlet syndrome, cervicogenic dizziness, and differentiation of headache types, plus expanded coverage of examination procedures and psychologically informed management strategies for chronic low back pain. - 120 NEW video clips are added to the companion website — over 200 videos in total provide unique 3-dimensional views of exam and manipulation techniques, showing each procedure step by step from frontal, lateral, and cranial perspectives. - NEW! Full-color design and photographs show essential concepts and procedures from multiple angles, illustrating hand and body placement and direction of force. - UPDATED evidence-based research provides the latest thinking on manual therapy of the spine.
The Trigger Point Therapy Workbook
Author: Clair Davies
Publisher: New Harbinger Publications
ISBN: 1608824969
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 866
Book Description
Trigger point therapy is one of the fastest-growing and most effective pain therapies in the world. Medical doctors, chiropractors, physical therapists, and massage therapists are all beginning to use this technique to relieve patients’ formerly undiagnosable muscle and joint pain, both conditions that studies have shown to be the cause of nearly 25 percent of all doctor visits. This book addresses the problem of myofascial trigger points—tiny contraction knots that develop in a muscle when it is injured or overworked. Restricted circulation and lack of oxygen in these points cause referred pain. Massage of the trigger is the safest, most natural, and most effective form of pain therapy. Trigger points create pain throughout the body in predictable patterns characteristic to each muscle, producing discomfort ranging from mild to severe. Trigger point massage increases circulation and oxygenation in the area and often produces instant relief. The Trigger Point Therapy Workbook, Third Edition, has made a huge impact among health professionals and the public alike, becoming an overnight classic in the field of pain relief. This edition includes a new chapter by the now deceased author, Clair Davies’ daughter, Amber Davies, who is passionate about continuing her father’s legacy. The new edition also includes postural assessments and muscle tests, an illustrated index of symptoms, and clinical technique drawings and descriptions to assist both practitioners and regular readers in assessing and treating trigger points. If you have ever suffered from, or have treated someone who suffers from myofascial trigger point pain, this is a must-have book.
Publisher: New Harbinger Publications
ISBN: 1608824969
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 866
Book Description
Trigger point therapy is one of the fastest-growing and most effective pain therapies in the world. Medical doctors, chiropractors, physical therapists, and massage therapists are all beginning to use this technique to relieve patients’ formerly undiagnosable muscle and joint pain, both conditions that studies have shown to be the cause of nearly 25 percent of all doctor visits. This book addresses the problem of myofascial trigger points—tiny contraction knots that develop in a muscle when it is injured or overworked. Restricted circulation and lack of oxygen in these points cause referred pain. Massage of the trigger is the safest, most natural, and most effective form of pain therapy. Trigger points create pain throughout the body in predictable patterns characteristic to each muscle, producing discomfort ranging from mild to severe. Trigger point massage increases circulation and oxygenation in the area and often produces instant relief. The Trigger Point Therapy Workbook, Third Edition, has made a huge impact among health professionals and the public alike, becoming an overnight classic in the field of pain relief. This edition includes a new chapter by the now deceased author, Clair Davies’ daughter, Amber Davies, who is passionate about continuing her father’s legacy. The new edition also includes postural assessments and muscle tests, an illustrated index of symptoms, and clinical technique drawings and descriptions to assist both practitioners and regular readers in assessing and treating trigger points. If you have ever suffered from, or have treated someone who suffers from myofascial trigger point pain, this is a must-have book.
Evidence-based Therapeutic Massage
Author: Elizabeth A. Holey
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702049018
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 294
Book Description
Now in its third edition, this practical clinical guide for both students and practitioners is further strengthened by the addition of online video clips which demonstrate how to apply a range of massage techniques. The text's research-base and references are fully updated, aiming to provide the reader with the most pertinent evidence to support the use of massage for particular injuries and conditions. - New, improved and expanded chapter on Massage in Sport, including section on athletes with disabilities. Written by a sports specialist physiotherapist with experience of working with national teams at world and Olympic level - Expanded chapters on Relaxation Massage (formerly Sedative Massage) & Reflex Therapies (formerly Specialized Techniques) - Case studies throughout the chapters - Evolve Resources – use your unique PIN code to access video clips of tutorials and demonstrations of massage techniques as identified in the book
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702049018
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 294
Book Description
Now in its third edition, this practical clinical guide for both students and practitioners is further strengthened by the addition of online video clips which demonstrate how to apply a range of massage techniques. The text's research-base and references are fully updated, aiming to provide the reader with the most pertinent evidence to support the use of massage for particular injuries and conditions. - New, improved and expanded chapter on Massage in Sport, including section on athletes with disabilities. Written by a sports specialist physiotherapist with experience of working with national teams at world and Olympic level - Expanded chapters on Relaxation Massage (formerly Sedative Massage) & Reflex Therapies (formerly Specialized Techniques) - Case studies throughout the chapters - Evolve Resources – use your unique PIN code to access video clips of tutorials and demonstrations of massage techniques as identified in the book
Fascia: The Tensional Network of the Human Body
Author: Robert Schleip
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702052280
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 566
Book Description
This book is the product of an important collaboration between clinicians of the manual therapies and scientists in several disciplines that grew out of the three recent International Fascia Research Congresses (Boston, Amsterdam, and Vancouver). The book editors, Thomas Findley MD PhD, Robert Schleip PhD, Peter Huijing PhD and Leon Chaitow DO, were major organizers of these congresses and used their extensive experience to select chapters and contributors for this book. This volume therefore brings together contributors from diverse backgrounds who share the desire to bridge the gap between theory and practice in our current knowledge of the fascia and goes beyond the 2007, 2009 and 2012 congresses to define the state-of-the-art, from both the clinical and scientific perspective. Prepared by over 100 specialists and researchers from throughout the world, Fascia: The Tensional Network of the Human Body will be ideal for all professionals who have an interest in fascia and human movement - physiotherapists, osteopathic physicians, osteopaths, chiropractors, structural integration practitioners, manual therapists, massage therapists, acupuncturists, yoga or Pilates instructors, exercise scientists and personal trainers - as well as physicians involved with musculoskeletal medicine, pain management and rehabilitation, and basic scientists working in the field. - Reflects the efforts of almost 100 scientists and clinicians from throughout the world - Offers comprehensive coverage ranging from anatomy and physiology, clinical conditions and associated therapies, to recently developed research techniques - Explores the role of fascia as a bodywide communication system - Presents the latest information available on myofascial force transmission which helps establish a scientific basis for given clinical experiences - Explores the importance of fascia as a sensory organ - for example, its important proprioceptive and nociceptive functions which have implications for the generation of low back pain - Describes new imaging methods which confirm the connectivity of organs and tissues - Designed to organize relevant information for professionals involved in the therapeutic manipulation of the body's connective tissue matrix (fascia) as well as for scientists involved in basic science research - Reflects the increasing need for information about the properties of fascia, particularly for osteopaths, massage therapists, physiotherapists and other complementary health care professionals - Offers new insights on the fascial related foundations of Traditional Chinese Medicine Meridians and the fascial effects of acupuncture
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702052280
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 566
Book Description
This book is the product of an important collaboration between clinicians of the manual therapies and scientists in several disciplines that grew out of the three recent International Fascia Research Congresses (Boston, Amsterdam, and Vancouver). The book editors, Thomas Findley MD PhD, Robert Schleip PhD, Peter Huijing PhD and Leon Chaitow DO, were major organizers of these congresses and used their extensive experience to select chapters and contributors for this book. This volume therefore brings together contributors from diverse backgrounds who share the desire to bridge the gap between theory and practice in our current knowledge of the fascia and goes beyond the 2007, 2009 and 2012 congresses to define the state-of-the-art, from both the clinical and scientific perspective. Prepared by over 100 specialists and researchers from throughout the world, Fascia: The Tensional Network of the Human Body will be ideal for all professionals who have an interest in fascia and human movement - physiotherapists, osteopathic physicians, osteopaths, chiropractors, structural integration practitioners, manual therapists, massage therapists, acupuncturists, yoga or Pilates instructors, exercise scientists and personal trainers - as well as physicians involved with musculoskeletal medicine, pain management and rehabilitation, and basic scientists working in the field. - Reflects the efforts of almost 100 scientists and clinicians from throughout the world - Offers comprehensive coverage ranging from anatomy and physiology, clinical conditions and associated therapies, to recently developed research techniques - Explores the role of fascia as a bodywide communication system - Presents the latest information available on myofascial force transmission which helps establish a scientific basis for given clinical experiences - Explores the importance of fascia as a sensory organ - for example, its important proprioceptive and nociceptive functions which have implications for the generation of low back pain - Describes new imaging methods which confirm the connectivity of organs and tissues - Designed to organize relevant information for professionals involved in the therapeutic manipulation of the body's connective tissue matrix (fascia) as well as for scientists involved in basic science research - Reflects the increasing need for information about the properties of fascia, particularly for osteopaths, massage therapists, physiotherapists and other complementary health care professionals - Offers new insights on the fascial related foundations of Traditional Chinese Medicine Meridians and the fascial effects of acupuncture
Multidisciplinary Management of Migraine
Author: César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN: 1449600506
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
The first textbook that focused on the multidisciplinary treatment of migraine including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. This comprehensive text discusses epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of patients with migraine headache integrating clinical experience and expertise with current evidence-based best practices. The authors are worldwide experts recognized in migraine and headache with experience in academic, research, and practice settings. This book reviews the options for medical management of patients with migraine by way of: pharmacological interventions; musculoskeletal interventions including muscle and joint.centered interventions, manual therapy, and dry needling; and complementary and alternative medicine techniques including naturopathy, acupuncture, and placebo. With a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach, this comprehensive resource provides a variety of therapeutic tools for students and practitioners to provide excellent care and medical management of patients with migraine headache
Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers
ISBN: 1449600506
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 464
Book Description
The first textbook that focused on the multidisciplinary treatment of migraine including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. This comprehensive text discusses epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of patients with migraine headache integrating clinical experience and expertise with current evidence-based best practices. The authors are worldwide experts recognized in migraine and headache with experience in academic, research, and practice settings. This book reviews the options for medical management of patients with migraine by way of: pharmacological interventions; musculoskeletal interventions including muscle and joint.centered interventions, manual therapy, and dry needling; and complementary and alternative medicine techniques including naturopathy, acupuncture, and placebo. With a multimodal and multidisciplinary approach, this comprehensive resource provides a variety of therapeutic tools for students and practitioners to provide excellent care and medical management of patients with migraine headache
Science, Theory and Clinical Application in Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy: Applied Science and Theory
Author: Ola Grimsby
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0615254519
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 558
Book Description
This long awaited textbook from The Ola Grimsby Institute provides decades of clinical experience and reasoning, with both historical and current evidence, with rationale for both passive and active treatments in orthopaedic manual therapy. Practical guidelines for joint mobilization and exercise rehabilitation are presented with this logical and exciting work. Incorporating experience and science, this book provides new approaches and treatment principles to make what you already do more effective. Extensive Content: Over 535 pages and 275 illustrations, photographs and tables Ola Grimsby and his co-authors have compiled a significant resource for the practicing physical therapist, manual therapist or osteopath.
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0615254519
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 558
Book Description
This long awaited textbook from The Ola Grimsby Institute provides decades of clinical experience and reasoning, with both historical and current evidence, with rationale for both passive and active treatments in orthopaedic manual therapy. Practical guidelines for joint mobilization and exercise rehabilitation are presented with this logical and exciting work. Incorporating experience and science, this book provides new approaches and treatment principles to make what you already do more effective. Extensive Content: Over 535 pages and 275 illustrations, photographs and tables Ola Grimsby and his co-authors have compiled a significant resource for the practicing physical therapist, manual therapist or osteopath.
Guide to Reprints
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Editions
Languages : en
Pages : 988
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Editions
Languages : en
Pages : 988
Book Description
A System of Orthopaedic Medicine - E-Book
Author: Ludwig Ombregt
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702052957
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1271
Book Description
Since its first publication, almost two decades ago, A System of Orthopaedic Medicine has proven to be a reliable resource and guide for those clinicians working in the field of orthopaedic medicine who assess and treat the effects of musculoskeletal pain. This third edition remains focused on clinical reasoning and diagnosis, with detailed guidance on palpation of the anatomical structures and the correct performance of each therapeutic technique. Following the 'System', the clinician first completes a systematic clinical assessment of the joints involved, and then, after interpreting the results, groups the disorders and conditions into clinical syndromes. Finally, the natural history and the conservative treatment of each condition are discussed accordingly. NEW! Building on the previous edition, A System of Orthopaedic Medicine now comes with access to online resources designed to support and enhance the learning experience of each and every clinician using the book. The new edition has been streamlined for easier access and handling by transferring all the applied anatomy chapters, references, links and other selected chapters onto the online resources. LOG ON TO www.orthopaedicmedicineonline.com TO START YOUR EXPERIENCE AND ACCESS: - x100 video clips of examination and treatment techniques (referenced in the book) - all the references with access to the abstracts on Medline - online only chapters which includes applied anatomy (referenced in the book) - A logical, step-by-step approach to examination and assessment which helps identify the source of the problem more quickly and surely - Fully comprehensive – the entire musculoskeletal system is addressed - Summary charts and tables facilitate quick reference and easy revision - Multiple illustrations supplement and further clarify the text - Differential diagnosis flowcharts summarize the deductive thought sequence which should be followed for each joint examination - Access to online resources which include videos of techniques and much more! – www.orthopaedicmedicineonline.com
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0702052957
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1271
Book Description
Since its first publication, almost two decades ago, A System of Orthopaedic Medicine has proven to be a reliable resource and guide for those clinicians working in the field of orthopaedic medicine who assess and treat the effects of musculoskeletal pain. This third edition remains focused on clinical reasoning and diagnosis, with detailed guidance on palpation of the anatomical structures and the correct performance of each therapeutic technique. Following the 'System', the clinician first completes a systematic clinical assessment of the joints involved, and then, after interpreting the results, groups the disorders and conditions into clinical syndromes. Finally, the natural history and the conservative treatment of each condition are discussed accordingly. NEW! Building on the previous edition, A System of Orthopaedic Medicine now comes with access to online resources designed to support and enhance the learning experience of each and every clinician using the book. The new edition has been streamlined for easier access and handling by transferring all the applied anatomy chapters, references, links and other selected chapters onto the online resources. LOG ON TO www.orthopaedicmedicineonline.com TO START YOUR EXPERIENCE AND ACCESS: - x100 video clips of examination and treatment techniques (referenced in the book) - all the references with access to the abstracts on Medline - online only chapters which includes applied anatomy (referenced in the book) - A logical, step-by-step approach to examination and assessment which helps identify the source of the problem more quickly and surely - Fully comprehensive – the entire musculoskeletal system is addressed - Summary charts and tables facilitate quick reference and easy revision - Multiple illustrations supplement and further clarify the text - Differential diagnosis flowcharts summarize the deductive thought sequence which should be followed for each joint examination - Access to online resources which include videos of techniques and much more! – www.orthopaedicmedicineonline.com
The Earthwise Herbal, Volume I
Author: Matthew Wood
Publisher: North Atlantic Books
ISBN: 9781556436925
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 596
Book Description
The first part in a comprehensive two-volume guide on the use of medicinal plants in Western herbal medicine—from an author who has almost forty years of clinical experience The first in a two-volume set, The Earthwise Herbal profiles Old World plants (volume two will treat American plants). Organized alphabetically, the book encompasses all the major, and many of the secondary, herbs of traditional and modern Western herbalism. Author Matthew Wood describes characteristic symptoms and conditions in which each plant has proved useful in the clinic, often illustrated with appropriate case histories. He also takes a historical view based on his extensive study of ancient and traditional herbal literature. Written in an easy, engaging, non-technical style, The Earthwise Herbal offers insight into the “logic” of the plant: how it works; in what areas of the body it works; how it has been used in the past; what its pharmacological constituents indicate about its use; and how all these different factors hang together to produce a portrait of the plant as a whole entity. Ideal for beginners, serious students, or advanced practitioners, The Earthwise Herbal is also useful for homeopaths and flower essence practitioners as it bridges these fields in its treatment of herbal medicines.
Publisher: North Atlantic Books
ISBN: 9781556436925
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 596
Book Description
The first part in a comprehensive two-volume guide on the use of medicinal plants in Western herbal medicine—from an author who has almost forty years of clinical experience The first in a two-volume set, The Earthwise Herbal profiles Old World plants (volume two will treat American plants). Organized alphabetically, the book encompasses all the major, and many of the secondary, herbs of traditional and modern Western herbalism. Author Matthew Wood describes characteristic symptoms and conditions in which each plant has proved useful in the clinic, often illustrated with appropriate case histories. He also takes a historical view based on his extensive study of ancient and traditional herbal literature. Written in an easy, engaging, non-technical style, The Earthwise Herbal offers insight into the “logic” of the plant: how it works; in what areas of the body it works; how it has been used in the past; what its pharmacological constituents indicate about its use; and how all these different factors hang together to produce a portrait of the plant as a whole entity. Ideal for beginners, serious students, or advanced practitioners, The Earthwise Herbal is also useful for homeopaths and flower essence practitioners as it bridges these fields in its treatment of herbal medicines.