Magnetic Domain Structure and Magnetization Reversal in Submicron-scale Co Dots PDF Download
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Languages : en
Pages : 25
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We present a magnetic force microscopy (MFM) analysis of arrays of submicron-scale Co dots fabricated by interference lithography. The dots are thin (180-300 A) and are elliptical in shape. MFM of these structures reveals that they relax into highly ordered remanent states whose symmetry and configuration are governed by their shape anisotropy. In particular, when the dots are saturated along the easy-axis, a uniformly magnetized state persists at remanence. However, when the dots are saturated in hard-axis, they relax into a single-vortex state in which the circulation can have either sign. Both remanent states are characterized by smoothly varying magnetization patterns and a high degree of uniformity across the array. We attribute the ordered behavior of these structures to the film microstructure, which allows the shape anisotropy to dominate over magnetocrystalline anisotropy. By imaging a series of minor-loop remanent states, we show that magnetization reversal in these structures occurs via the nucleation and annihilation of a single vortex. Magnetic hysteresis loop measurements are consistent with these observations and provide additional details. Furthermore, we present the results of micromagnetic simulations, which are in excellent agreement with both the MFM images and the hysteresis loop measurements.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 25
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Book Description
We present a magnetic force microscopy (MFM) analysis of arrays of submicron-scale Co dots fabricated by interference lithography. The dots are thin (180-300 A) and are elliptical in shape. MFM of these structures reveals that they relax into highly ordered remanent states whose symmetry and configuration are governed by their shape anisotropy. In particular, when the dots are saturated along the easy-axis, a uniformly magnetized state persists at remanence. However, when the dots are saturated in hard-axis, they relax into a single-vortex state in which the circulation can have either sign. Both remanent states are characterized by smoothly varying magnetization patterns and a high degree of uniformity across the array. We attribute the ordered behavior of these structures to the film microstructure, which allows the shape anisotropy to dominate over magnetocrystalline anisotropy. By imaging a series of minor-loop remanent states, we show that magnetization reversal in these structures occurs via the nucleation and annihilation of a single vortex. Magnetic hysteresis loop measurements are consistent with these observations and provide additional details. Furthermore, we present the results of micromagnetic simulations, which are in excellent agreement with both the MFM images and the hysteresis loop measurements.
Author: Luis M. Liz-Marzán
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940100143X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This volume contains papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) Dynamic Interactions in Quantum Dot Systems held at Hotel Atrium in Puszczykowo, near Poznan, Poland, May 16-19,2002. The term low-dimensional systems, which is used in the title of this volume, refers to those systems which contain at least one dimension that is intermediate between those characteristic ofatoms/molecules and those ofthe bulk material. Depending on how many dimensions lay within this range, we generally speak of quantum wells, quantum wires, and quantum dots. As such an intermediate state, some properties of low-dimensional systems are very different to those of their molecular and bulk counterparts. These properties generally include optical, electronic, and magnetic properties, and all these are partially covered in this book. The main goal of the workshop was to discuss the actual state of the art in the broad area ofnanotechnology. The initial focus was on the innovative synthesis of nanomaterials and their properties such as: quantum size effects, superparamagnetism, or field emission. These topics lead us into the various field based interactions including plasmon- magnetic spin- and exciton coupling. The newer, more sophisticated methods for characterization of nanomaterials were discussed, as well as the methods for possible industrial applications. In general, chemists and physicists, as well as experts on both theory and experiments on nanosized regime structures were brought together, to discuss the general phenomena underlying their fields ofinterest from different points ofview.
Author: Bharat Bhushan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642104975
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 823
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Book Description
This book presents the physical and technical foundation of the state of the art in applied scanning probe techniques. It constitutes a timely and comprehensive overview of SPM applications. The chapters in this volume relate to scanning probe microscopy techniques, characterization of various materials and structures and typical industrial applications, including topographic and dynamical surface studies of thin-film semiconductors, polymers, paper, ceramics, and magnetic and biological materials. The chapters are written by leading researchers and application scientists from all over the world and from various industries to provide a broader perspective.
Author: Surender Kumar Sharma
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498797245
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
This timely book covers basic mechanisms, characterization, theoretical simulations, and applications for exchange bias in granular nanosystems, thin films, and bulk systems. After an overview of the field and key principles, the next section covers nanogranular (core-shell) systems, followed by chapters on thin films, bilayers/multilayers nanostructures, dilute magnetic semiconductors, and multiferroic systems. A final section turns to bulk systems, such as those consisting of perovskite structures, rare earth-transition metal intermetallic, and ion implantations. Readers of this book will obtain A complete, modern overview on exchange bias phenomena, covering synthesis, characterization techniques, and applications An introduction to all the important phenomenological models proposed for thin films, bulk materials, and nanoparticles Detailed discussion of the importance of size, shape, cooling field, and temperature on exchange bias properties Understanding of novel applications of exchange bias systems
Author: Nguyen TK Thanh
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439869324
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 613
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Book Description
Offering the latest information in magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) research, Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Fabrication to Clinical Applications provides a comprehensive review, from synthesis, characterization, and biofunctionalization to clinical applications of MNPs, including the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. This book, written by some of the most qualified experts in the field, not only fills a hole in the literature, but also bridges the gaps between all the different areas in this field. Translational research on tailored magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications spans a variety of disciplines, and putting together the most significant advances into a practical format is a challenging task. Balancing clinical applications with the underlying theory and foundational science behind these new discoveries, Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Fabrication to Clinical Applications supplies a toolbox of solutions and ideas for scientists in the field and for young researchers interested in magnetic nanoparticles.
Author: Helmut Kronmüller
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 534
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Book Description
From the first application of the oxide magnetite as a compass in China in ancient times, and from the early middle ages in Europe, magnetic materials have become an indispensable part of our daily life. Magnetic materials are used ubiquitously in the modern world, in fields as diverse as, for example, electrical energy transport, high-power electro-motors and generators, telecommunication systems, navigation equipment, aviation and space operations, micromechanical automation, medicine, magnetocaloric refrigeration, computer science, high density recording, non-destructive testing of materials, and in many household applications. Research in many of these areas continues apace. The progress made in recent years in computational sciences and advanced material preparation techniques has dramatically improved our knowledge of fundamental properties and increased our ability to produce materials with highly-tailored magnetic properties, even down to the nanoscale dimension. Containing approximately 120 chapters written and edited by acknowledged world leaders in the field, The Handbook of Magnetism and Advanced Magnetic Materials provides a state-of-the-art, comprehensive overview of our current understanding of the fundamental properties of magnetically ordered materials, and their use in a wide range of sophisticated applications. The Handbook is published in five themed volumes, as follows: Volume 1- Fundamentals and Theory Volume 2- Micromagnetism Volume 3- Novel Techniques for Characterizing and Preparing Samples Volume 4- Novel Materials Volume 5- Spintronics and Magnetoelectronics
Author: F. Petroff
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780444205032
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
The Symposium on Magnetic Ultrathin Films, Multilayers and Surfaces, hosted by the European Materials Research Society, was held at the Palais de la Musique et des Congré in Strasbourg, France on June 4-7, 1996. Its central theme was the relationship of magnetic properties and device performance to structure at the nano and micrometer length scale. Research on the magnetism of surfaces, ultrathin films and multilayers has increased dramatically during recent years. This development was triggered by the discovery of coupling between ferromagnetic layers across nonmagnetic spacer layers and of the giant magnetoresistance effect in systems of reduced dimension using various micro and nanofabrication techniques has become a subject of special interest. It is certainly the promising application potential of these effects in new magnetic recording device geometries which causes this intensive research, which is done both by companies and at universities and research institutes. A selection of invited and contributed papers presented at the Symposium and accepted for publication is contained in this volume. The contents of these proceedings are organized into seven sections. A. Nanowires, Nanoparticles, Nanostructuring B. Ultrathin Films and Surfaces, Characterization C. Giant Magnetoresistance D. Coupling, Tunneling E. Growth, Structure, Magnetism F. Growth, Structure, Magnetoresistance G. Coupling, Magnetic processes, Magneto-optics. The first four sections contain invited and oral contributed papers in the listed research domains, while the last three sections contain the contributions presented during three large poster sessions.
Author: G.C. Hadjipanayis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401006245
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Book Description
An up-to-date and comprehensive review of magnetic storage systems, including particulate and rigid media, magnetic heads, tribology, signal processing spintronics, and other, future systems. A thorough theoretical discussion supplements the experimental and technical aspects. Each section commences with a tutorial paper, which is followed by technical discussions of current research in the area. Written at a level suitable for advanced graduate students.
Author: Burkard Hillebrands
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540411917
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 363
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Book Description
Introductory chapters help newcomers to understand the basic concepts, and the more advanced chapters give the current state of the art for most spin dynamic issues in the milliseconds to femtoseconds range. Emphasis is placed on both the discussion of the experimental techniques and on the theoretical work. The comprehensive presentation of these developments makes this volume very timely and valuable for every researcher working in the field of magnetism.
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Languages : en
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