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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are widely-distributed stimuli of cellular growth and functions, which are generated enzymatically from precursors in membranes of activated normal cells and at much higher levels from many types of cancers. A subfamily of 0 protein-coupled receptors encoded by endothelial differentiation genes (Edg Rs) bind and transduce cellular signals from LPA (Edg-2, -4, -7) and S1P (Edg-l, -3,-S, -6, and -8). Human breast cancer cells (BCCs) express principally Edg-3, less Edg-4, very low levels of Edg-2 and Edg-5, and no Edg-1, -6,-? or -8. BCCs have much higher levels of Edg-3 S1P Rs than normal human breast epithelial cells. These Edg Rs mediate proliferation of BCCs directly by signaling growth-related immediate-early genes, through a distinctive set of transcription factors, and indirectly by increasing BCCs secretion of several autocrine protein growth factors. Delivery of LPA to BCCs by specific plasma protein carriers, such as gelsolin, and novel mechanisms for regulation of expression of Edg-3 Rs also may distinguish mechanisms of action of SIP and LPA in BCCs from those in normal breast epithelial cells. Detection of elevated levels of Edg-3 Rs and splice variants of Edg-3 Rs may become a diagnostic index of breast cancer and Edg R- directed antagonists may suppress growth and dissemination of breast cancers.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are widely-distributed stimuli of cellular growth and functions, which are generated enzymatically from precursors in membranes of activated normal cells and at much higher levels from many types of cancers. A subfamily of 0 protein-coupled receptors encoded by endothelial differentiation genes (Edg Rs) bind and transduce cellular signals from LPA (Edg-2, -4, -7) and S1P (Edg-l, -3,-S, -6, and -8). Human breast cancer cells (BCCs) express principally Edg-3, less Edg-4, very low levels of Edg-2 and Edg-5, and no Edg-1, -6,-? or -8. BCCs have much higher levels of Edg-3 S1P Rs than normal human breast epithelial cells. These Edg Rs mediate proliferation of BCCs directly by signaling growth-related immediate-early genes, through a distinctive set of transcription factors, and indirectly by increasing BCCs secretion of several autocrine protein growth factors. Delivery of LPA to BCCs by specific plasma protein carriers, such as gelsolin, and novel mechanisms for regulation of expression of Edg-3 Rs also may distinguish mechanisms of action of SIP and LPA in BCCs from those in normal breast epithelial cells. Detection of elevated levels of Edg-3 Rs and splice variants of Edg-3 Rs may become a diagnostic index of breast cancer and Edg R- directed antagonists may suppress growth and dissemination of breast cancers.
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Publisher: ScholarlyEditions
ISBN: 1481644637
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
Lysophospholipid Receptors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Lysophospholipid Receptors in a compact format. The editors have built Lysophospholipid Receptors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Lysophospholipid Receptors in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Lysophospholipid Receptors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 7
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Book Description
Since the initiation of this proposal, we have demonstrated that while LPP1 and LPP3 mRNA levels are decreased approximately 2 fold in breast cancer cells, autotaxin levels are increased approximately 28 fold in breast cancer cells isolated directly from patients. This should result in increased LPA and S1P production by breast cancer cells in patients. Using a novel enzyme activity assay, we have demonstrated that autotaxin activity is not significantly different in blood from control and breast cancer patients. Thus, the increased mRNA levels in tumor cells are not translated into increased autotaxin activity in the blood stream. We have demonstrated that down regulation of autotaxin by RNAi results in a decreased signaling, a novel S phase arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. We have utilized a novel Si1P antibody to neutralize S1P in vitro and are currently treating mice with breast cancer xenografts to determine effects on cell growth. We have established transgenic mice expression the three LPA receptors as well as autotaxin in breast epithelium. We have obtained a LPP transgenic mouse to determine the effects of degradation of LPA and S1P on breast function and tumorigenesis by crossing to the above mice and to tumor prone mice.
Author: Jerold Chun
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118531302
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 836
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Book Description
The current state of the science supporting new research in lysophospholipids The study of lysophospholipids exploded with the discovery of cell surface receptors on both lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). Since then, thousands of original research reports ranging from fundamental cell signaling to the physiology and pathophysiology of individual organ systems have centered on lysophospholipids. This book draws together and analyzes the current literature to provide readers with a state-of-the-science review as well as current techniques that support research in all aspects of the field of lysophospholipid signaling. Lysophospholipid Receptors is divided into three sections: Receptors and other possible effectors Enzymes Physiology and pathophysiology Within each section, the authors explain the similarities and differences between LPA and S1P signaling. Examples are provided that demonstrate the underlying mechanisms of lysophospholipid signaling across a broad range of organ systems, such as S1P signaling in cardiovascular physiology and disease and the neural effects of LPA signaling. Extensive references at the end of each chapter provide a gateway to the literature and facilitate further research into individual topics. Each chapter has been authored by one or more leading international authorities in lysophospholipid research. Based on a thorough analysis of the current research, the authors set forth what is established science and offer their expert opinion and perspective on new and emerging areas of research, setting the stage for further investigations that will solve current problems in the field.
Author: George G. Harrigan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461503337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
It is evident that biochemical control is not strictly hierarchical and that intermediary metabolism can contribute to control of regulatory pathways. Metabolic studies are therefore increasingly important in gene function analyses, and an increased interest in metabolites as biomarkers for disease progression or response to therapeutic intervention is also evident in the pharmaceutical industry. This book offers guidelines to currently available technology and bioinformatics and database strategies now being developed. Evidence is presented that metabolic profiling is a valuable addition to genomics and proteomics strategies devoted to drug discovery and development, and that metabolic profiling offers numerous advantages.
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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 488
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Book Description
Author: Akhlaq A. Farooqui
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387774017
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
Information on bioactive ether lipids and their involvement in neurological disorders is currently scattered throughout the literature. This book provides readers with a comprehensive description of metabolism of bioactive ether lipids in the brain, activities of enzymes involved in their metabolism, and their involvement in neurological disorders. It is the first book to describe the involvement of these lipids with abnormal signal transduction processes in neurological disorders.
Author: Kwang W. Jeon
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123943086
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology presents current advances and comprehensive reviews in cell biology--both plant and animal. Articles address structure and control of gene expression, nucleocytoplasmic interactions, control of cell development and differentiation, and cell transformation and growth. Authored by some of the foremost scientists in the field Provides up-to-date information and directions for future research Valuable reference material for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and professional scientists
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 1796
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Book Description
Author: Li Feng
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420027654
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
Lipids play an essential role in cell signaling and subcellular structure. Systematic analysis of the total lipid structure of a cell or organism, the lipodome, can reveal novel avenues of therapeutic intervention and diagnosis. This analysis is best modeled after the lessons learned from proteomics. With contributions from pioneering researchers f
