Author: Dudley Chelton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Pacific Coast (North America)
Languages : en
Pages : 474

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309255945
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
Tide gauges show that global sea level has risen about 7 inches during the 20th century, and recent satellite data show that the rate of sea-level rise is accelerating. As Earth warms, sea levels are rising mainly because ocean water expands as it warms; and water from melting glaciers and ice sheets is flowing into the ocean. Sea-level rise poses enormous risks to the valuable infrastructure, development, and wetlands that line much of the 1,600 mile shoreline of California, Oregon, and Washington. As those states seek to incorporate projections of sea-level rise into coastal planning, they asked the National Research Council to make independent projections of sea-level rise along their coasts for the years 2030, 2050, and 2100, taking into account regional factors that affect sea level. Sea-Level Rise for the Coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington: Past, Present, and Future explains that sea level along the U.S. west coast is affected by a number of factors. These include: climate patterns such as the El Niño, effects from the melting of modern and ancient ice sheets, and geologic processes, such as plate tectonics. Regional projections for California, Oregon, and Washington show a sharp distinction at Cape Mendocino in northern California. South of that point, sea-level rise is expected to be very close to global projections. However, projections are lower north of Cape Mendocino because the land is being pushed upward as the ocean plate moves under the continental plate along the Cascadia Subduction Zone. However, an earthquake magnitude 8 or larger, which occurs in the region every few hundred to 1,000 years, would cause the land to drop and sea level to suddenly rise.

Author: Dong-Ping Wang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Languages : en
Pages : 15

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fisheries
Languages : en
Pages : 530

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Author: Kelly Lee Perry
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sea level
Languages : en
Pages : 132

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Author: T. P. Barnett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sea level
Languages : en
Pages : 48

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Author: John A. Church
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN: 1444323288
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 472

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Book Description
Understanding Sea-Level Rise and Variability identifies the major impacts of sea-level rise, presents up-to-date assessments of past sea-level change, thoroughly explores all of the factors contributing to sea-level rise, and explores how sea-level extreme events might change. It identifies what is known in each area and what research and observations are required to reduce the uncertainties in our understanding of sea-level rise so that more reliable future projections can be made. A synthesis of findings provides a concise summary of past, present and future sea-level rise and its impacts on society. Key Features: Book includes contributions from a range of international sea level experts Multidisciplinary Four color throughout Describes the limits of our understanding of this crucial issue as well as pointing to directions for future research The book is for everyone interested in sea-level rise and its impacts, including policy makers, research funders, scientists, students, coastal managers and engineers. Additional resources for this book can be found at: http://www.wiley.com/go/church/sealevel.

Author: Prajakta Niphadkar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coastal zone management
Languages : en
Pages : 127

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Regional sea levels vary considerably more than the global mean, and these variations affect communities and developments near coastal floodplains. Sea level variability is particularly relevant to New Zealand, a dynamic, coastally-dominated landscape located in the south Pacific Ocean. This study investigates the low-frequency variability in relative and absolute mean sea level around New Zealand's coastlines, using observed data from tide gauges and satellite altimetry, and simulated sea level from a high-resolution, eddy-resolving ocean circulation model, the Ocean Forecasting Australia Model 3 (OFAM3). Temporal signals in tide gauges are extracted using Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), an adaptive time-frequency analysis technique that includes monotonically time-varying long-term trends. Spatial variability in sea level is assessed using an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on both altimeter and OFAM3 sea levels. The OFAM3 sea levels are tested with a range of techniques to compare the simulation with both temporal and spatial observations of sea level variability, in order to assess its suitability as a tool for locally-relevant future sea level projections. The results show evidence of significant interannual signals in temporal sea level, and distinct associations with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in spatial patterns. The analysis of longterm sea level behaviour using the EEMD reveals no significant accelerations or decelerations. Single spatial patterns (the first EOFs) of sea level in the altimeter and OFAM3 explain high proportions (73.4% and 82.2%, respectively) of total variance in sea level along the coasts. The patterns also highlight the northwest coast as a hotspot for greater magnitudes of variability. Evaluation of the OFAM3 reveals that it compares very well with absolute mean sea level data from the satellite altimetry, and adequately simulates interannual signals observed within the tide gauges. The OFAM3 is recommended for modelling future sea level that is more detailed and better describes sea level at the coast than coarser global models. This study reveals major gaps in relative sea level information by the lack of adequate tide gauge data around the country, particularly along the west coasts, and non-uniformity in the existing spatial coverage. Furthermore, it highlights the need for continued GPS monitoring at tide gauge sites in order to provide improved estimates of vertical land motion for future analyses.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fishes
Languages : en
Pages : 684

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coast changes
Languages : en
Pages : 640

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