Long-term Performance of Corrosion Inhibitors Used in Repair of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Components PDF Download
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Author: Moavin Islam
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428995242
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
The primary objective of the project was to determine the effectiveness of cathodic protection, electrochemical chloride extraction, and corrosion-inhibitor treatment systems installed during the SHRP effort through the long-term evaluation of 32 field test sites and a number of laboratory concrete slab specimens. The FHWA program required monitoring the long-term performance of corrosion inhibitor treatments on selected components of four bridges that were treated and evaluated under SHRP C-103. Three evaluations over a period of 5 years were conducted on structures located in Minnesota, New York and Pennsylvania, and two evaluations were conducted on a structure in Washington State. An analysis of the results concluded that neither of the corrosion inhibitors evaluated in this study, using the specified repairs and exposed to the specific environments, provided any corrosion-inhibiting benefit. Shrinkage cracking plagued repairs at all test sites except for the Washington site.
Author: Moavin Islam
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428995242
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 58
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Book Description
The primary objective of the project was to determine the effectiveness of cathodic protection, electrochemical chloride extraction, and corrosion-inhibitor treatment systems installed during the SHRP effort through the long-term evaluation of 32 field test sites and a number of laboratory concrete slab specimens. The FHWA program required monitoring the long-term performance of corrosion inhibitor treatments on selected components of four bridges that were treated and evaluated under SHRP C-103. Three evaluations over a period of 5 years were conducted on structures located in Minnesota, New York and Pennsylvania, and two evaluations were conducted on a structure in Washington State. An analysis of the results concluded that neither of the corrosion inhibitors evaluated in this study, using the specified repairs and exposed to the specific environments, provided any corrosion-inhibiting benefit. Shrinkage cracking plagued repairs at all test sites except for the Washington site.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
Eleven systems containing epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) in combination with another corrosion-protection system are evaluated using the rapid macrocell, southern exposure, cracked beam, linear polarization resistance, and field tests. The systems include bars pretreated with zinc chromate to improve the adhesion between the epoxy and the reinforcing steel, two epoxies with improved adhesion to the reinforcing steel, one inorganic corrosion inhibitor (calcium nitrite), two organic corrosion inhibitors (Rheocrete® 222+ and HycreteTM), an epoxy-coated bar with a primer containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite, three epoxy-coated bars with improved adhesion combined with the corrosion inhibitor calcium nitrite, and multiple-coated (MC) bars with an initial 50-microm (2-mil) coating of 98 percent zinc and 2 percent aluminum followed by a conventional epoxy coating. The systems are compared with conventional uncoated reinforcement and conventional ECR. The coatings on all bars are penetrated to simulate the effects of damage during fabrication and placement in the field. The results presented in this report indicate that the coated bars provide superior corrosion protection to the reinforcing steel and that bars with damaged coatings initiate corrosion at chloride contents within concrete that are several times greater and corrode at rates that are typically two orders of magnitude below those exhibited by conventional reinforcement. Limited additional protection is achieved using bars with the primer coating, MC bars, and concrete containing the corrosion inhibitors calcium nitrite and one of the organic corrosion inhibitors, although the latter resulted in reduced compressive strength and reduced resistance to surface scaling. The differences in costs over a 75-year design life are relatively small for coated bars. Cracks in concrete directly over and parallel to the reinforcement, such as found in bridge decks, result in earlier corrosion initiation and higher corrosion rates than obtained with intact concrete for all systems. Epoxies that provide initially high adhesion to the underlying steel provide no advantage over conventional epoxy coatings. All coated bars that were evaluated exhibited corrosion losses at openings through the coating. A reduction in adhesion between an epoxy coating and the reinforcing steel occurs after a period of exposure to corrosive conditions. This reduction increases with increasing chloride content in the concrete and in the presence of cracks and decreases with the use of corrosion inhibitors, with the use of MC reinforcement, and with electrical isolation of the epoxy-coated bars from each other. Corrosion products form under the coating where adhesion has been reduced. For periods up to five years under exposure conditions representative of those in bridge decks, the reduction in adhesion between an epoxy coating and the reinforcing steel did not affect the rate at which coated bars corrode.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Ali Akbar Sohanghpurwala
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
ISBN: 0309098629
Category : Bridges, Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 72
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Book Description
Author: Brian D. Prowell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete bridges
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Author: M Raupach
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 1845692284
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 337
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Book Description
Given the widespread use of reinforced concrete in infrastructure, understanding the corrosion of this material is of major importance. As a result there has been a wealth of research into catalysts, inhibitors and effective means of monitoring the rate of corrosion. Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete: mechanisms, monitoring, inhibitors and rehabilitation techniques summarises some of the most significant research and its implications.The book begins by reviewing findings from various experiments designed to test the corrosion rate of metals induced by a range of factors. Later chapters discuss techniques for monitoring and testing for corrosion. The book concludes by assessing important methods of prevention, including corrosion inhibitors, protective coatings and electrochemical methods for protection, together with rehabilitation procedures for susceptible structures.Filled with practical examples and written by a distinguished team of international contributors, Corrosion of reinforcement in concrete: mechanisms, monitoring, inhibitors and rehabilitation techniques is an essential reference for civil engineers using reinforced concrete. Summarises research into catalysts, inhibitors and effective means of monitoring the rate of corrosion Concludes by assessing important methods of prevention
Author: E. Escalante
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bridges, Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Brian D. Chambers
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Corrosion and anti-corrosives
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
The corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete is estimated to affect more than 50% of the 575,000 bridges in the United States. One approach to mitigating this problem is to use corrosion-inhibitive compounds admixed into the concrete paste. This study sought to examine the corrosion inhibition performance of a series of compounds admixed into high-quality concrete and to delineate the effects of these compounds on the concrete with regard to the corrosion process. A series of eight compounds were admixed into Type A4 concrete. The compounds tested were aminoethylethanolamine, aminothiophenol, di-sodium Beta-glycerophosphate, calcium nitrite, di-n-butyl sulfoxide, lithium nitrate, sodium metasilicate, and nitrilotriphosphonic acid. Concrete blocks were cast, into which were placed 0.009-in.-diameter 1040 steel wires. The corrosion rate was assessed via a resistance change measurement (RCM) of these wires over time using a temperature-corrected four-point resistance measurement. The time-to-open circuit for the wires was also monitored. RCM was compared to (1) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results of tests conducted in a simulated pore solution, and (2) chloride permeability measurements of the concrete as per ASTM C 1202. The effect of the admixtures on the compressive strength and density of the concrete was also assessed. RCM and time-to-open circuit results showed that four test inhibitors had equal or better corrosion prevention at 2 years of testing compared to a widely used commercial mix (DCI). These test inhibitors included di-sodium Beta-glycerophosphate (0.283 mol/cu ft and 0.815 mol/cu ft), aminoethylethanolamine (0.815 mol/cu ft), lithium nitrate (0.815 mol/cu ft), and sodium metasilicate (0.815 mol/cu ft). After 100 weeks, 33% to 44% of the wires were active in concrete admixed with these test compounds, whereas only 25% of the wires were active in concrete admixed with DCI. This research has also shown that the performance of a corrosion inhibitor in high-quality concrete is a function of numerous interrelated factors that are not predicted from any single laboratory test. These tests provide promising results for alternative inhibitive admixtures for standard Type A4 concrete. It is recommended that additional tests be conducted on concrete mixtures containing slag and fly ash using multiple concentrations of the four most promising inhibitors. Further testing may lead to the implementation of a better corrosion-inhibiting admixture, thus increasing the service life of bridges.
Author: Luca Bertolini
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527651713
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
Steel-reinforced concrete is used ubiquitously as a building material due to its unique combination of the high compressive strength of concrete and the high tensile strength of steel. Therefore, reinforced concrete is an ideal composite material that is used for a wide range of applications in structural engineering such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, harbor quays, foundations, tanks and pipes. To ensure durability of these structures, however, measures must be taken to prevent, diagnose and, if necessary, repair damage to the material especially due to corrosion of the steel reinforcement. The book examines the different aspects of corrosion of steel in concrete, starting from basic and essential mechanisms of the phenomenon, moving up to practical consequences for designers, contractors and owners both for new and existing reinforced and prestressed concrete structures. It covers general aspects of corrosion and protection of reinforcement, forms of attack in the presence of carbonation and chlorides, problems of hydrogen embrittlement as well as techniques of diagnosis, monitoring and repair. This second edition updates the contents with recent findings on the different topics considered and bibliographic references, with particular attention to recent European standards. This book is a self-contained treatment for civil and construction engineers, material scientists, advanced students and architects concerned with the design and maintenance of reinforced concrete structures. Readers will benefit from the knowledge, tools, and methods needed to understand corrosion in reinforced concrete and how to prevent it or keep it within acceptable limits.
Author: J. Mietz
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000122433
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
This book compiles the full papers presented in the successful session "Corrosion of Steel in Concrete" at EUROCORR '97. It highlights the areas of technical development in this field, including monitoring of steel reinforcement corrosion, prevention of corrosion and electrochemical repair methods.
