Long Non-coding RNA Regulation of Immune Homeostasis PDF Download
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Author: Jonathan J. Kotzin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
The immune system is comprised of diverse cell types that work together to protect the host from infection and maintain tissue homeostasis. To achieve this complex balance, extracellular cues determine highly specific epigenetic landscapes and transcriptional profiles of each immune cell subtype. New evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in mammals. Here we identify the lncRNA Morrbid, and examine its role in immune function. In Chapter 2, we assess the function of Morrbid at homeostasis and describe its role in finely tuning the lifespan of short-lived myeloid cells. In Chapter 3, we examine Morrbid under inflammatory conditions and illustrate its role in restraining CD8 T cell responses following viral infection. These data demonstrate that lncRNAs can function as highly cell-type specific effectors of extracellular cues to control immunological processes that require rapid and strict regulation.
Author: Jonathan J. Kotzin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 262
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Book Description
The immune system is comprised of diverse cell types that work together to protect the host from infection and maintain tissue homeostasis. To achieve this complex balance, extracellular cues determine highly specific epigenetic landscapes and transcriptional profiles of each immune cell subtype. New evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in mammals. Here we identify the lncRNA Morrbid, and examine its role in immune function. In Chapter 2, we assess the function of Morrbid at homeostasis and describe its role in finely tuning the lifespan of short-lived myeloid cells. In Chapter 3, we examine Morrbid under inflammatory conditions and illustrate its role in restraining CD8 T cell responses following viral infection. These data demonstrate that lncRNAs can function as highly cell-type specific effectors of extracellular cues to control immunological processes that require rapid and strict regulation.
Author: Adam Williams
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889669173
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 68
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Book Description
We acknowledge the initiation and support of this Research Topic by the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS). We hereby state publicly that the IUIS has had no editorial input in articles included in this Research Topic, thus ensuring that all aspects of this Research Topic are evaluated objectively, unbiased by any specific policy or opinion of the IUIS.
Author: Alfons Navarro
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781071615836
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This volume presents techniques needed for the study of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer from their identification to functional characterization. Chapters guide readers through identification of lncRNA expression signatures in cancer tissue or liquid biopsies by RNAseq, single Cell RNAseq, Phospho RNAseq or Nanopore Sequencing techniques; validation of lncRNA signatures by Real time PCR, digital PCR or in situ hybridization; and functional analysis by siRNA or CRISPR based methods for lncRNA silencing or overexpression. Lipid based nanoparticles for delivery of siRNAs in vivo, lncRNA-protein interactions, viral lncRNAs and circRNAs are also treated in this volume. Written in the format of the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, each chapter includes an introduction to the topic, lists necessary materials and reagents, includes tips on troubleshooting and known pitfalls, and step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols. Authoritative and practical, Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer aims to provide a collection of laboratory protocols, bioinformatic pipelines, and review chapters to further research in this vital field.
Author: Bristy Sabikunnahar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Adipose tissues
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are one of the most commonly transcribed functional non-coding RNAs in mammalian genomes, yet majority of them remain understudied. Recent advancement in high throughput sequencing and computational knowledge have revealed the identity of thousands of lncRNAs and their association with numerous diseases and cellular processes. In the last two decades, flurries of studies showed experimentally that lncRNAs regulate a myriad of essential biological processes including immune system. Although a large number of lncRNAs have been identified in a variety of immune cells, only a handful of them have been characterized for biological function and mechanisms. In this dissertation, we functionally characterized a mouse lncRNA named U90926, which was previously identified in our lab from transcriptomic data in activated macrophages.First, we have investigated the role of U90926 in macrophage function. We generated a U90926-deficient mice (U9-KO) to study U90926 function. We showed that the expression of U90926 is highly induced in macrophages and dendritic cells by toll-like receptor activation, in a p38 MAP kinase- and MyD88-dependent manner. Then, we have investigated the role of U90926 in regulating macrophage function upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, such as cytokine secretion, expression of co- stimulatory molecules and gene expression. Surprisingly, we found minimal effects of U90926 deficiency in cultured macrophages. The lack of macrophage-intrinsic effect by U90926, led us to explore protein-coding potential aspect of this putative lncRNA. Interestingly, we found that U90926 RNA localizes to the cytosol, associates with ribosomes, and contains an open reading frame that encodes a novel glycosylated protein (termed U9-ORF), which is secreted from the cell. This led us to use an in vivo model of endotoxic shock where macrophages interact with many other cell types, for further characterization of U90926. Our data show that in comparison with WT mice, U9-KO mice exhibited increased sickness responses and mortality. Mechanistically, serum levels of IL- 6 were elevated in U9-KO mice, and IL-6 neutralization improved endotoxemia outcomes in U9-KO mice. Taken together, these results suggest that U90926 expression is protective during endotoxic shock, which is potentially mediated by the paracrine and/or endocrine actions of the novel U9-ORF protein secreted by activated myeloid cells. We have also examined the role of U90926 in adipose tissue homeostasis, using our U9-KO mouse model. U90926 has been characterized as a repressor of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by another group. This led us to hypothesize that U90926 deficiency in vivo will enhance adipogenesis or obesity-related phenotypes. However, we did not find any effect of U90926 in weight gain or other obesity-related phenotypes like fat mass, adipose tissue morphology, metabolic parameters, and adipose tissue gene expression, both in the context of a normal diet or high-fat diet. Taken together, these data suggest that U90926 may not have an essential role in adipocyte biology beyond its role in myeloid cell-mediated inflammation.
Author: Julia A. Chekanova
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493990443
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
This volume focuses on various approaches to studying long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including techniques for finding lncRNAs, localization, and observing their functions. The chapters in this book cover how to catalog lncRNAs in various plant species; determining subcellular localization; protein interactions; structures; and RNA modifications. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and innovative, Plant Long Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource that aids researchers in understanding the functions of lncRNAs in different plant species, and helps them explore currently uncharted facets of plant biology.
Author: M.R.S. Rao
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811052034
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
This contributed volume offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of the various aspects of long non-coding RNAs and discusses their emerging significance. Written by leading experts in the field, it motivates young researchers around the globe, and offers graduate and postgraduate students fascinating insights into genes and their regulation in eukaryotes and higher organisms.
Author: Stefan Jurga
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303044743X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 545
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Book Description
This book offers a comprehensive and detailed overview of various aspects of long non-coding RNAs. It discusses their emerging significance in molecular medicine, ranging from human cancers to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Transcriptomic studies have demonstrated that the majority of genomes found in complex organisms are expressed in highly dynamic and cell-specific patterns, producing huge numbers of intergenic, antisense and intronic long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Thousands of lncRNAs have been identified, and unlike mRNA, they have no protein-coding capacity. A large repertoire of ncRNAs, actively transcribed from the mammalian genome, control diverse cellular processes, both in terms of development and diseases, through a variety of gene regulatory mechanisms. IncRNAs have emerged as a new paradigm in epigenetic regulation of the genome. Given its scope, the book will be of particular interest to molecular, chemical, cell and developmental biologists, as well as specialists in translational medicine involved in disease-oriented research. It also offers a valuable resource for in silico experts seeking a deeper understanding of lncRNA expression and function through computational analysis of the NGS data.
Author: Santosh Kumar Upadhyay
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128214635
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
The growth of human population has increased the demand for improved yield and quality of crops and horticultural plants. However, plant productivity continues to be threatened by stresses such as heat, cold, drought, heavy metals, UV radiations, bacterial and fungal pathogens, and insect pests. Long noncoding RNAs are associated with various developmental pathways, regulatory systems, abiotic and biotic stress responses and signaling, and can provide an alternative strategy for stress management in plants. Long Noncoding RNAs in Plants: Roles in development and stress provides the most recent advances in LncRNAs, including identification, characterization, and their potential applications and uses. Introductory chapters include the basic features and brief history of development of lncRNAs studies in plants. The book then provides the knowledge about the lncRNAs in various important agricultural and horticultural crops such as cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and fiber crop cotton, and their roles and applications in abiotic and biotic stress management. Includes the latest advances and research in long noncoding RNAs in plants Provides alternative strategies for abiotic and biotic stress management in horticultural plants and agricultural crops Focuses on the application and uses of long noncoding RNAs
Author: Edwin L. Cooper
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319767682
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1048
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Book Description
Immunologists, perhaps understandably, most often concentrate on the human immune system, an anthropocentric focus that has resulted in a dearth of information about the immune function of all other species within the animal kingdom. However, knowledge of animal immune function could help not only to better understand human immunology, but perhaps more importantly, it could help to treat and avoid the blights that affect animals, which consequently affect humans. Take for example the mass death of honeybees in recent years – their demise, resulting in much less pollination, poses a serious threat to numerous crops, and thus the food supply. There is a similar disappearance of frogs internationally, signaling ecological problems, among them fungal infections. This book aims to fill this void by describing and discussing what is known about non-human immunology. It covers various major animal phyla, its chapters organized in a progression from the simplest unicellular organisms to the most complex vertebrates, mammals. Chapters are written by experts, covering the latest findings and new research being conducted about each phylum. Edwin L. Cooper is a Distinguished Professor in the Laboratory of Comparative Immunology, Department of Neurobiology at UCLA’s David Geffen School of Medicine.
Author: Mathieu Rederstorff
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493949038
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This volume contains state-of-the-art methods tackling all aspects of small non-coding RNAs biology. Small Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols guides readers through customized dedicated protocols and technologies that will be of valuable help to all those willing to contribute deciphering the numerous functions of small non-coding RNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods of Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubles troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Instructive and practical, Small Non-Coding RNAs: Methods and Protocols reaches out to biochemists, cellular and molecular biologists already working in the field of RNA biology and to those just starting to study small non-coding RNAs.
