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Author: David E. Sadava
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716776741
Category : Biology
Languages : en
Pages : 566
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Book Description
This text aims to establish biology as a discipline not just a collection of facts. Life develops students' understanding of biological processes with scholarship, a smooth narrative, experimental contexts, art and effective pedagogy.
Author: David E. Sadava
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716776741
Category : Biology
Languages : en
Pages : 566
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Book Description
This text aims to establish biology as a discipline not just a collection of facts. Life develops students' understanding of biological processes with scholarship, a smooth narrative, experimental contexts, art and effective pedagogy.
Author: Martin L. Cody
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674224445
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 572
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Book Description
The evolution of species abundance and diversity; Competitive strategies of resource allocation; Community structure; Outlook.
Author: Kim Sterelny
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262552787
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 587
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Book Description
Essays from a range of disciplinary perspectives show the central role that cooperation plays in structuring our world. This collection reports on the latest research on an increasingly pivotal issue for evolutionary biology: cooperation. The chapters are written from a variety of disciplinary perspectives and utilize research tools that range from empirical survey to conceptual modeling, reflecting the rich diversity of work in the field. They explore a wide taxonomic range, concentrating on bacteria, social insects, and, especially, humans. Part I ("Agents and Environments") investigates the connections of social cooperation in social organizations to the conditions that make cooperation profitable and stable, focusing on the interactions of agent, population, and environment. Part II ("Agents and Mechanisms") focuses on how proximate mechanisms emerge and operate in the evolutionary process and how they shape evolutionary trajectories. Throughout the book, certain themes emerge that demonstrate the ubiquity of questions regarding cooperation in evolutionary biology: the generation and division of the profits of cooperation; transitions in individuality; levels of selection, from gene to organism; and the "human cooperation explosion" that makes our own social behavior particularly puzzling from an evolutionary perspective. Bradford Books imprint
Author: Eric R. Pianka
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780520234017
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 366
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Book Description
This book provides an overview of the diversity of lizards and their major adaptive features. The authors discuss the latest research findings and provide new hypotheses about lizard diversity.
Author: Dale H. Clayton
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022630227X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 325
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Book Description
For many of us, the mere mention of lice forces an immediate hand to the head, and recollection of childhood experience with nits, special shampoos, etc. But for a certain breed of biologist, lice make for fascinating scientific fodder, especially so if you are a scientist studying coevolution. Lice and their various hosts--humans, birds, etc. --provide a stunning example of the ecology of species coevolution. This system of complex symbiotic relations reveals some of the ecological principles of coevolutionary relations, one of the most exciting areas of research in evolutionary biology of recent. This work provides an introduction to coevolutionary concepts and approaches, ranging from microevolutionary (ecological) time to macroevolutionary time. The authors then use the system of parasitic lice and their hosts to illustrate some of these different concepts and approaches. They draw examples from a variety of other coevolving systems for comparative purposes, and emphasize the integration of cophylogenetic, comparative, and experimental data in testing coevolutionary hypotheses. Because lice are permanent parasites that spend their entire lifecycle on the body of the host, their close ecological association makes them ideally suited for this kind of synthetic overview of coevolution."
Author: Ernst Mayr
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674862500
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 376
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Book Description
This study, first published in 1942, helped to revolutionize evolutionary biology by offering a new approach to taxonomic principles, and correlating the ideas and findings of modern systematics with those of other life disciplines. This book is one of the foundational documents of the Evolutionary Synthesis. It is the book in which Ernst Mayr pioneered his concept of species based chiefly on such biological factors as interbreeding and reproductive isolation, taking into account ecology, geography and life history. In the introduction to this edition, Mayr reflects on the place of this work in the subsequent history of his field.
Author: Edward O. Wilson
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN: 9780393319408
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 468
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Book Description
This classic by the distinguished Harvard entomologist tells how life on earth evolved and became diverse, and now, how diversity and life are endangered by us, truly. While Wilson contributed a great deal to environmental ethics by calling for the preservation of whole ecosystems rather than individual species, his environmentalism appears too anthropocentric: "We should judge every scrap of biodiversity as priceless while we learn to use it and come to understand what it means to humanity." And: "Signals abound that the loss of life's diversity endangers not just the body but the spirit." This reprint of the 1992 Belknap Press publication contains a new foreword. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Dolph Schluter
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191588326
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
Adaptive radiation is the evolution of diversity within a rapidly multiplying lineage. It can cause a single ancestral species to differentiate into an impressively vast array of species inhabiting a variety of environments. Much of life's diversity has arisen during adaptive radiations. Some of the most famous recent examples include the East African cichlid fishes, the Hawaiian silverswords, and of course, Darwin's Gal--aacute--;pagos finches,. This book evaluates the causes of adaptive radiation. It focuses on the 'ecological' theory of adaptive radiation, a body of ideas that began with Darwin and was developed through the early part of the 20th Century. This theory proposes that phenotypic divergence and speciation in adaptive radiation are caused ultimately by divergent natural selection arising from differences in environment and competition between species. In The Ecology of Adaptive Radiation the author re-evaluates the ecological theory, along with its most significant extensions and challenges, in the light of all the recent evidence. This important book is the first full exploration of the causes of adaptive radiation to be published for decades, written by one of the world's best young evolutionary biologists.
Author: Linda Gregory (Ph. D.)
Publisher: Research & Education Assoc.
ISBN: 9780878911783
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 526
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Book Description
Master the SAT II Biology E/M Subject Test and score higher... Our test experts show you the right way to prepare for this important college exam. REA''s SAT II Biology E/M test prep covers all biology topics to appear on the actual exam including in-depth coverage of cell processes, genetics, fungi, plants, animals, human biological functions, and more. The book features 6 full-length practice SAT II Biology E/M exams. Each practice exam question is fully explained to help you better understand the subject material. Use the book''s glossary for speedy look-ups and smarter searches. Follow up your study with REA''s proven test-taking strategies, powerhouse drills and study schedule that get you ready for test day. DETAILS - Comprehensive review of every biology topic to appear on the SAT II subject test - Flexible study schedule tailored to your needs - Packed with proven test tips, strategies and advice to help you master the test - 6 full-length practice SAT II Biology E/M Subject tests. Each test question is answered in complete detail with easy-to-follow, easy-to-grasp explanations. - The book''s glossary allows for quicker, smarter searches of the information you need most TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION: PREPARING FOR THE SAT II: BIOLOGY E/M SUBJECT TEST About the SAT II: Biology E/M Format of the SAT II: Biology E/M About this Book How to Use this Book Test-Taking Tips Study Schedule Scoring the SAT II: Biology E/M Scoring Worksheet The Day of the Test CHAPTER 1 - CHEMISTRY OF LIFE General Chemistry Definitions Chemical Bonds Acids and Bases Chemical Changes Laws of Thermodynamics Organic Chemistry Biochemical Pathways Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration ATP and NAD The Respiratory Chain (Electron Transport System) Anaerobic Pathways Molecular Genetics DNA: The Basic Substance of Genes CHAPTER 2 - THE CELL Cell Structure and Function Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells Exchange of Materials Between Cell and Environment Cellular Division Equipment and Techniques Units of Measurement Microscopes CHAPTER 3 - GENETICS: THE SCIENCE OF HEREDITY Mendelian Genetics Definitions Laws of Genetics Patterns of Inheritance, Chromosomes, Genes, and Alleles The Chromosome Principle of Inheritance Genes and the Environment Improving the Species Sex Chromosomes Sex-linked Characteristics Inheritance of Defects Modern Genetics How Living Things are Classified CHAPTER 4 - A SURVEY OF BACTERIA, PROTISTS, AND FUNGI Diversity and Characteristics of the Monera Kingdom Archaebacteria Eubacteria The Kingdom Protista The Kingdom Fungi CHAPTER 5 - A SURVEY OF PLANTS Diversity, Classification, and Phylogeny of the Plant Kingdom Adaptations to Land The Life Cycle (Life History): Alternation of Generations in Plants Anatomy, Morphology, and Physiology of Vascular Plants Transport of Food in Vascular Plants Plant Tissues Reproduction and Growth in Seed Plants Photosynthesis Plant Hormones: Types, Functions, Effects on Plant Growth Environmental Influences on Plants and Plant Responses to Stimuli CHAPTER 6 - ANIMAL TAXONOMY AND TISSUES Diversity, Classification, and Phylogeny Survey of Acoelomate, Pseudocoelomate, Protostome, and Deuterostome Phyla Structure and Function of Tissues, Organs, and Systems Animal Tissues Nerve Tissue Blood Epithelial Tissue Connective (Supporting) Tissue CHAPTER 7 - DIGESTION/NUTRITION The Human Digestive System Ingestion and Digestion Digestive System Disorders Human Nutrition Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins CHAPTER 8 - RESPIRATION AND CIRCULATION Respiration in Humans Breathing Lung Disorders Respiration in Other Organisms Circulation in Humans Blood Lymph Circulation of Blood Transport Mechanisms in Other Organisms CHAPTER 9 - THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The Human Endocrine System Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Gland Pituitary Gland Pancreas Adrenal Glands Pineal Gland Thymus Gland Sex Glands Hormones of the Alimentary Canal Disorders of the Endocrine System The Endocrine System in Other Organisms CHAPTER 10 - THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The Nervous System Neurons Nerve Impulse Synapse Reflex Arc The Human Nervous System The Central Nervous System The Peripheral Nervous System Some Problems of the Human Nervous System Relationship Between the Nervous System and the Endocrine System The Nervous Systems In Other Organisms CHAPTER 11 - SENSING THE ENVIRONMENT Components of Nervous Coordination Photoreceptors Vision Defects Chemoreceptors Mechanoreceptors Receptors in Other Organisms CHAPTER 12 - THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM Excretion in Humans Skin Lungs Liver Urinary System Excretory System Problems Excretion in Other Organisms CHAPTER 13 - THE SKELETAL SYSTEM The Skeletal System Functions Growth and Development Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Articulations (Joints) The Skeletal Muscles Functions Structure of a Skeletal Muscle Mechanism of a Muscle Contraction CHAPTER 14- HUMAN PATHOLOGY Diseases of Humans How Pathogens Cause Disease Host Defense Mechanisms Diseases Caused by Microbes Sexually Transmitted Diseases Diseases Caused by Worms Other Diseases CHAPTER 15 - REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT Reproduction Reproduction in Humans Development Stages of Embryonic Development Reproduction and Development in Other Organisms CHAPTER 16 - EVOLUTION The Origin of Life Evidence for Evolution Historical Development of the Theory of Evolution The Five Principles of Evolution Mechanisms of Evolution Mechanisms of Speciation Evolutionary Patterns How Living Things Have Changed The Record of Prehistoric Life Geological Eras Human Evolution CHAPTER 17 - BEHAVIOR Behavior of Animals Learned Behavior Innate Behavior Voluntary Behavior Plant Behavior Behavior of Protozoa Behavior of Other Organisms Drugs and Human Behavior CHAPTER 18 - PATTERNS OF ECOLOGY Ecology Populations Life History Characteristics Population Structure Population Dynamics Communities Components of Communities Interactions within Communities Consequences of Interactions Ecosystems Definitions Energy Flow Through Ecosystems Biogeochemical Cycles Hydrological Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Carbon Cycle Phosphorus Cycle Types of Ecosystems Human Influences on Ecosystems Use of Non-renewable Resources Use of Renewable Resources Use of Synthetic Chemicals Suggested Readings PRACTICE TESTS Biology-E Practice Tests SAT II: Biology E/M Practice Test 1 SAT II: Biology E/M Practice Test 2 SAT II: Biology E/M Practice Test 3 Biology-M Practice Tests SAT II: Biology E/M Practice Test 4 SAT II: Biology E/M Practice Test 5 SAT II: Biology E/M Practice Test 6 ANSWER SHEETS EXCERPT About Research & Education Association Research & Education Association (REA) is an organization of educators, scientists, and engineers specializing in various academic fields. Founded in 1959 with the purpose of disseminating the most recently developed scientific information to groups in industry, government, high schools, and universities, REA has since become a successful and highly respected publisher of study aids, test preps, handbooks, and reference works. REA''s Test Preparation series includes study guides for all academic levels in almost all disciplines. Research & Education Association publishes test preps for students who have not yet completed high school, as well as high school students preparing to enter college. Students from countries around the world seeking to attend college in the United States will find the assistance they need in REA''s publications. For college students seeking advanced degrees, REA publishes test preps for many major graduate school admission examinations in a wide variety of disciplines, including engineering, law, and medicine. Students at every level, in every field, with every ambition can find what they are looking for among REA''s publications. While most test preparation books present practice tests that bear little resemblance to the actual exams, REA''s series presents tests that accurately depict the official exams in both degree of difficulty and types of questions. REA''s practice tests are always based upon the most recently administered exams, and include every type of question that can be expected on the actual exams. REA''s publications and educational materials are highly regarded and continually receive an unprecedented amount of praise from professionals, instructors, librarians, parents, and students. Our authors are as diverse as the fields represented
Author: Joan Roughgarden
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520957970
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 491
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Book Description
In this innovative celebration of diversity and affirmation of individuality in animals and humans, Joan Roughgarden challenges accepted wisdom about gender identity and sexual orientation. A distinguished evolutionary biologist, Roughgarden takes on the medical establishment, the Bible, social science—and even Darwin himself. She leads the reader through a fascinating discussion of diversity in gender and sexuality among fish, reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals, including primates. Evolution's Rainbow explains how this diversity develops from the action of genes and hormones and how people come to differ from each other in all aspects of body and behavior. Roughgarden reconstructs primary science in light of feminist, gay, and transgender criticism and redefines our understanding of sex, gender, and sexuality. Witty, playful, and daring, this book will revolutionize our understanding of sexuality. Roughgarden argues that principal elements of Darwinian sexual selection theory are false and suggests a new theory that emphasizes social inclusion and control of access to resources and mating opportunity. She disputes a range of scientific and medical concepts, including Wilson's genetic determinism of behavior, evolutionary psychology, the existence of a gay gene, the role of parenting in determining gender identity, and Dawkins's "selfish gene" as the driver of natural selection. She dares social science to respect the agency and rationality of diverse people; shows that many cultures across the world and throughout history accommodate people we label today as lesbian, gay, and transgendered; and calls on the Christian religion to acknowledge the Bible's many passages endorsing diversity in gender and sexuality. Evolution's Rainbow concludes with bold recommendations for improving education in biology, psychology, and medicine; for democratizing genetic engineering and medical practice; and for building a public monument to affirm diversity as one of our nation's defining principles.
