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Author: Andrew Kernohan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521627535
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Kernohan argues that a liberal state committed to moral equality must accept a strong role in reforming our cultural environment.
Author: Andrew Kernohan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521627535
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 148
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Book Description
Kernohan argues that a liberal state committed to moral equality must accept a strong role in reforming our cultural environment.
Author: Abigail Levin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494280591
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
Rethinking Rights examines pornography and hate speech as test cases in advancing an argument for the liberal state to engage in activism in the name of equality for women and minorities. Such cases expose a core tension within liberalism between neutrality and equality, since state neutrality in the face of a systemically sexist and racist culture only reinforces that culture and further silences the speech of women and minorities within it. I argue that, on the liberal's own terms, the commitment to equality has priority over the commitment to neutrality. Once that has been established, I address two issues commonly raised by liberals against state activism: the question of how to ensure that the state is acting in the name of equality, rather than in its own, or some other, interest; and the issue that censorship, in any form, is anathema to liberalism. Both discussions raise issues of state power, particularly as it intersects with feminist speech act theory and with the work of Foucault and Judith Butler. These theories, taken together, turn both state power and the notion of censorship on their heads---no longer is hate speech about the power of the speaker, but about the power of the state in permitting or regulating it; no longer is censorship about state suppression after an utterance, but about the very production of utterances at all. Taking these insights on board, the liberal should be in a position to embrace state activism in the service of equality, not as a compromise of liberal principles, but as an entailment of those very principles.
Author: Hilton Kramer
Publisher: Ivan R. Dee
ISBN: 1461720419
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255
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Book Description
Just fifty years ago the literary critic Lionel Trilling spoke of liberalism as “not only the dominant but even the sole intellectual tradition” in American society. At the turn of the twentieth century this is clearly no longer the case, when conservative ideas have succeeded in many areas of public policy. Yet America’s mainstream institutions—the media, the academy, popular culture, religion, the law—remain largely under the sway of a liberal ethos. In this incisive collection of essays which appeared originally in The New Criterion, nine distinguished critics and observers examine the origins and prospects of liberalism, from its roots in thinkers such as Rousseau and Mill to its troubled legacy in twentieth-century pursuits. They are cogent in explaining the compromising effects of liberalism in the moral and intellectual life of our culture, and seek to disentangle what is beneficent from what is destructive in its ideas. At a time when basic liberal assumptions about man and society are so deeply entrenched that they go largely unrecognized—and unexamined—The Betrayal of Liberalism offers a rewarding and enriching analysis. Its contributors include Roger Scruton, Keith Windschuttle, Hadley Arkes, Robert Conquest, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Robert Kagan, John Silber, John O’Sullivan, Hilton Kramer, and Roger Kimball.
Author: Nicholas Capaldi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
The policy of affirmative action, today, more so than in the Civil Rights era, is under severe scrutiny. Nicholas Capaldi's Out of Order typifies the present-day criticism of affirmative action and shows how we have shifted from equality of opportunity and individual merit to the concept of group entitlement and statistical quality of result. Capaldi contends that affirmative action has not solved the problem of equal opportunity for which it was presumably designed, it has instead created a new moral dilemma in the form of reverse discrimination. Out of Order highlights key affirmative action issues from the time of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 through the Bakke decision, the Weber case of 1979, and beyond. Capaldi illuminates not only the historical/judicial complexion of affirmative action policies but also their philosophical and social implications. Capaldi questions the necessity of affirmative action, whether its creation was based upon a valid definition of the nature and extent of discrimination, and whether it is a suitable policy for dealing with discrimination. Capaldi maintains that the creation of affirmative action evolved more out of social theory than social reality. By carefully documenting the legislative and judicial history of the Civil Rights Act, the author argues that affirmative action is a bureaucratic fabrication, that it is not a solution to a problem but a policy in search of problems. The crux of Capaldi's thesis boldly claims that affirmative action is perpetuated by the self-interest of "modern liberals" who "guide and control the system from their superior vantage point." Moreover, affirmative action is centered on education and has its roots in doctrinaire liberalism. Since that social philosophy attaches a crucial role to education, and since the conflicting demands made upon the modern American university have exposed its inability to generate coherent policies, doctrinaire liberalism has undergone a crisis of confidence.
Author: Amy Gutmann
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521228282
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
This book makes a significant contribution to the tradition of liberal political theory: it explores the foundations and limits of the idea of equality within that theory and offers a sustained argument for a persuasive new view of liberalism. Liberal thinking has always displayed a tension between the claims of liberty and those of equality. Professor Gutmann examines the contributions of liberal theorists from Locke to Rawls on the subject of two kinds of equality - equality of opportunity to participate and the equal distribution of economic goods. Valuing both, she shows that, far from being alternatives, the two ideals are compatible to a much greater degree than has previously been thought. Liberal Equality restores egalitarianism to political theory in a way that will forcefully challenge its critics to deeper reflection.
Author: Will Kymlicka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Communities
Languages : en
Pages : 568
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Book Description
Author: Clare Chambers
Publisher: Penn State Press
ISBN: 0271033029
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Autonomy is fundamental to liberalism. But autonomous individuals often choose to do things that harm themselves or undermine their equality. In particular, women often choose to participate in practices of sexual inequality&—cosmetic surgery, gendered patterns of work and childcare, makeup, restrictive clothing, or the sexual subordination required by membership in certain religious groups. In this book, Clare Chambers argues that this predicament poses a fundamental challenge to many existing liberal and multicultural theories that dominate contemporary political philosophy. Chambers argues that a theory of justice cannot ignore the influence of culture and the role it plays in shaping choices. If cultures shape choices, it is problematic to use those choices as the measure of the justice of the culture. Drawing upon feminist critiques of gender inequality and poststructuralist theories of social construction, she argues that we should accept some of the multicultural claims about the importance of culture in shaping our actions and identities, but that we should reach the opposite normative conclusion to that of multiculturalists and many liberals. Rather than using the idea of social construction to justify cultural respect or protection, we should use it to ground a critical stance toward cultural norms. The book presents radical proposals for state action to promote sexual and cultural justice.
Author: Associate Professor of Political Science Monique Deveaux
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199289794
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
This book offers a persuasive new argument for reconciling the tensions that arise when liberal democratic states try to protect two important kinds of equality: sexual equality and cultural equality.
Author: Clare Chambers
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192652745
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 295
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Book Description
Should the state recognise gender? Can a liberal state discourage traditional family structures? Is women's sport compatible with equality of opportunity? Should feminists defend women's freedom to choose cosmetic surgery? Is genital cutting always wrong, or is it only wrong for girls? Freedom and Equality investigates the contours of feminist liberalism: a philosophical approach that is appealing but elusive. Its hallmark is a liberalism that prioritises equality and individual autonomy, while offering a rigorous critique of using individuals' choices as the measure of justice. Liberalism without feminism prioritises individual choice, a strategy that has played a crucial role in the liberal defence of freedom against authoritarianism and conformity. However, as feminism shows, relying on individual choice is insufficient to render an outcome just, because people often choose things that harm or disadvantage themselves. From beauty norms to the gendered division of labour, from marriage to religion, women and men choose to arrange their lives in ways that perpetuate inequality. Often, these choices are made in response to social norms, including unjust, unequal, or harmful norms. It follows that relying on individual choice as a measure of justice actually leaves unjust social structures intact. Any defender of autonomy and equality must be prepared to criticise individuals' choices while prioritising individual choosers. The essays in this collection cover a wide range of issues fundamental to liberalism, to feminism, and to their intersection. They explore the foundational philosophical concepts of choice, equality of opportunity, ideology, and the state, and they engage directly with key political controversies, including women's sport, the state recognition of gender, the regulation of cosmetic and cultural surgeries, and state action to secure equality in the family. Clare Chambers argues that feminist liberalism is both possible and necessary. It is possible because the two doctrines of feminism and liberalism are compatible, their fundamental values of freedom and equality aligned. But feminism is necessary because liberalism has shown that it is simply not up to the task of securing gender equality and women's liberation alone.
Author: Utz Lars McKnight
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Free enterprise
Languages : en
Pages : 298
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Book Description
