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Author: Yoshitsugu Hayashi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319065238
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
While intercity passenger transport counts for about 2% of the total passenger transport volume the share of the total passenger kilometers traveled is estimated more than one third. In many countries the major part of intercity transport is performed by car and air and as a result, the contribution to the carbon footprint is substantially higher than the share of overall passenger transport performance. This creates a challenge to develop a sustainable organization of intercity transport which requires a true joint effort of policy makers, industry sectors and households. This presupposes that all options for reducing the carbon footprint of the transport modes – car, air and rail – are fully exploited through modern propulsion technology, use of regenerative energy and efficient organization of transport processes. Basic conditions for meeting this requirement are an incentive compatible public framework of regulation, taxation, charging and education, the private willingness to adjust to new behavioral patterns and a consequent push of technological progress towards energy and CO2 savings. This book begins with an international comparison of intercity transport and the current state of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of this transport segment. A focus is given to comparing the situation in the EU, the US and Japan while describing the more recent development of intercity transport in China, followed by an analysis of intercity transport policies and their contribution to meet the global climate change issues. This book will be of interest to researchers in transportation economics and policy, as well as civil engineering and planning.
Author: Yoshitsugu Hayashi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319065238
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
While intercity passenger transport counts for about 2% of the total passenger transport volume the share of the total passenger kilometers traveled is estimated more than one third. In many countries the major part of intercity transport is performed by car and air and as a result, the contribution to the carbon footprint is substantially higher than the share of overall passenger transport performance. This creates a challenge to develop a sustainable organization of intercity transport which requires a true joint effort of policy makers, industry sectors and households. This presupposes that all options for reducing the carbon footprint of the transport modes – car, air and rail – are fully exploited through modern propulsion technology, use of regenerative energy and efficient organization of transport processes. Basic conditions for meeting this requirement are an incentive compatible public framework of regulation, taxation, charging and education, the private willingness to adjust to new behavioral patterns and a consequent push of technological progress towards energy and CO2 savings. This book begins with an international comparison of intercity transport and the current state of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) of this transport segment. A focus is given to comparing the situation in the EU, the US and Japan while describing the more recent development of intercity transport in China, followed by an analysis of intercity transport policies and their contribution to meet the global climate change issues. This book will be of interest to researchers in transportation economics and policy, as well as civil engineering and planning.
Author: Robin Hickman
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135108021
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 688
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Book Description
Sustainable mobility has long been sought after in cities around the world, particularly in industrialised countries, but also increasingly in the emerging cities in Asia. Progress however appears difficult to make as the private car, still largely fuelled by petrol or diesel, remains the mainstream mode of use. Transport is the key sector where carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions seem difficult to reduce. Transport, Climate Change and the City seeks to develop achievable and low transport CO2 emission futures in a range of international case studies, including in London, Oxfordshire, Delhi, Jinan and Auckland. The aim is that the scenarios as developed, and the consideration of implementation and governance issues, can help us plan for and achieve attractive future travel behaviours at the city level. The alternative is to continue with only incremental progress against CO2 reduction targets, to ‘sleepwalk’ into climate change difficulties, oil scarcity, a poor quality of life, and to continue with the high traffic casualty figures. The topic is thus critical, with transport viewed as central to the achievement of the sustainable city and reduced CO2 emissions.
Author: Philippe Barla
Publisher:
ISBN: 9782550603597
Category : Cities and towns
Languages : fr
Pages : 26
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Book Description
Depuis le milieu des annees 50, les villes nord-americaines se sont developpees suivant un processus d'etalement urbain caracterise par lapparition de quartiers de faible densite, presentant peu de diversite des usages et dependant fortement de l'automobile. Cette forme de developpement a engendre plusieurs inconvenients, notamment : une pression sur le milieu rural et les ecosystemes avoisinants; un accroissement du cout par habitant des infrastructures municipales; une aggravation des nuisances causees par l'automobile (congestion, pollution de lair, bruit, emissions de GES). Le mouvement du nouvel urbanisme ou de la croissance intelligente (smart growth) milite depuis les annees 70 pour un retour vers des quartiers plus denses combinant residences, commerces, emplois et espaces verts. Il recommande egalement la mise en place de systemes de transport en commun efficaces et d'agencements urbains favorisant le transport actif. Cette approche peut se resumer par la formule des 3D pour Densite, Diversite et Design. Selon ses partisans, en modifiant la forme urbaine (FU) et loffre de transport en commun (TC), il serait possible de reduire considerablement le role de l'automobile tout en ameliorant la qualite de vie des citoyens. Dans cet article, nous examinons les evidences empiriques recentes concernant les impacts de ces facteurs sur la mobilite des menages. Est-il effectivement possible de reduire la dependance automobile en maitrisant l'etalement urbain? Si oui, l'ampleur des effets justifie-t-elle des politiques de densification?
Author: Werner Rothengatter
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781461428527
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 316
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Book Description
Transportation contributes to roughly a fifth of greenhouse gas emissions, and as a growing sector of the economy, its contribution to climate change, if remained unchanged, could even grow. This is particularly true in the developing world, where the growth rates of air and ship transport are expected to exceed those of the EU, and worldwide objectives to curb greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 by sixty to eighty percent could be placed in serious jeopardy. This book addresses the key issues of controlling transportation growth and identifying and implementing measures that would significantly reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from transport while maintaining its vital role in generating prosperity and mobility for future generations. This book describes the challenge that transport constitutes today as well as its role in the future for climate policy. It will discuss and provide hands-on suggestions for transportation policy that will mitigate the greenhouse gas emissions from transport. The book is organized into five parts. Part One presents an overview of transport and climate policy in the context of the recent economic crisis. Part Two examines the problems and proposed solutions for curbing emissions from transport in industrialized countries while Parts Three and Four deal with the developing world, with a particular focus on India and China. Part Five discusses tested solutions and provides policy recommendations making this book of interest to a broad audience of both policy-makers and academics concerned with the role of transport in reducing global climate change.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Book Description
Author: Daniel Sperling
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781402069789
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 250
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Book Description
More than 250 experts from around the world gathered at the Asilomar Transportation and Energy Conference in August 2007 to tackle what many agree is the greatest environmental challenge the world faces: climate change. This 11th Biennial Conference, organized under the auspices of the Energy and Alternative Fuels Committees of the U.S. Transportation Research Board, examined key climate change policy issues and strategies to combat climate impacts from the transportation sector, a leading source of greenhouse gas emissions. This book includes chapters by leading presenters at the Asilomar Conference that reflect the most current views of the world’s experts about a critical and rapidly evolving energy and environmental problem. The chapters in this book examine increasing worldwide emissions of greenhouse gases, uncertain oil supply, evolving climate change science, public attitudes toward climate change, and the implications for the U.S. of growth in China, India and elsewhere. They propose methods to reduce growth in vehicle travel through alternative fuel, new technologies, and land use planning. They examine the costs and the potential for greenhouse gas reduction through deployment of advanced technology and alternative fuels and propose strategies to motivate consumers to buy fuel efficient and alternative fuel vehicles, including heavy duty trucks.
Author:
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9789264296787
Category : Greenhouse gas mitigation
Languages : fr
Pages : 74
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Book Description
80 % des émissions de CO2 dues au transport proviennent du transport routier, ce qui correspond à plus de 20 % des émissions globales. Quelles mesures et stratégies ont déjà été adoptées par les pays de l'OCDE pour stabiliser ou réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre dues au transport routier? Quels cadres sont utilisés pour évaluer l'impact et l'efficacité de ces mesures et stratégies? Sont-ils adaptés? Sur la base des prévisions d'une croissance continue de la motorisation et des distances parcourues, quelles sont les tendances à attendre en termes d'émissions de CO2 et quelles en seront les conséquences pour la mise en oeuvre du Protocole de Kyoto? Quels sont les modèles disponibles pour prévoir le niveau des émissions de CO2? Comment sont-ils utilisés? A partir de nombreux cas pratiques et pragmatiques, ce rapport, préparé par un groupe de travail de l'OCDE, fournit des éléments de réponse à ces questions importantes.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309314852
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 276
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Book Description
The growing problem of changing environmental conditions caused by climate destabilization is well recognized as one of the defining issues of our time. The root problem is greenhouse gas emissions, and the fundamental solution is curbing those emissions. Climate geoengineering has often been considered to be a "last-ditch" response to climate change, to be used only if climate change damage should produce extreme hardship. Although the likelihood of eventually needing to resort to these efforts grows with every year of inaction on emissions control, there is a lack of information on these ways of potentially intervening in the climate system. As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses albedo modification - changing the fraction of incoming solar radiation that reaches the surface. This approach would deliberately modify the energy budget of Earth to produce a cooling designed to compensate for some of the effects of warming associated with greenhouse gas increases. The prospect of large-scale albedo modification raises political and governance issues at national and global levels, as well as ethical concerns. Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth discusses some of the social, political, and legal issues surrounding these proposed techniques. It is far easier to modify Earth's albedo than to determine whether it should be done or what the consequences might be of such an action. One serious concern is that such an action could be unilaterally undertaken by a small nation or smaller entity for its own benefit without international sanction and regardless of international consequences. Transparency in discussing this subject is critical. In the spirit of that transparency, Climate Intervention: Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth was based on peer-reviewed literature and the judgments of the authoring committee; no new research was done as part of this study and all data and information used are from entirely open sources. By helping to bring light to this topic area, this book will help leaders to be far more knowledgeable about the consequences of albedo modification approaches before they face a decision whether or not to use them.
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821379887
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
In the crowded field of climate change reports, 'WDR 2010' uniquely: emphasizes development; takes an integrated look at adaptation and mitigation; highlights opportunities in the changing competitive landscape; and proposes policy solutions grounded in analytic work and in the context of the political economy of reform.
Author: Mckee
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN: 0335226442
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
While there may be consensus on the broader issues of the core objectives of the health care system, expectations differ between EU countries, and European national policy-makers. This book seeks firstly to assess the impact of the enlargement process and then to analyse the challenges that lie ahead in the field of health and health policy.
