Les Néandertaliens : l'âge d'or de l'Europe PDF Download
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Author: Marcel Otte
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2415006025
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 137
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Book Description
Durant au moins 200 000 ans, l’Europe a été occupée par une population unique, les Néandertaliens, à travers des climats d’une grande diversité. Un tel phénomène est exceptionnel dans l’histoire humaine. C’est ce phénomène que Marcel Otte s’efforce ici d’appréhender. Il montre que les Néandertaliens avaient mis en place des modes de vie harmonieux et respectueux des équilibres naturels. Ces modes de vie – consommation alimentaire, techniques de fabrication d’outils, chasse, productions symboliques et artistiques, spiritualité – sont à la source de l’extraordinaire puissance adaptative des sociétés néandertaliennes. Loin d’être figés, sujets à des variations culturelles infinies, ils témoignent que les Néandertaliens avaient élaboré des sociétés dont la sophistication n’avait rien à envier à celle de l’homme moderne. Formé par André Leroi-Gourhan et Claude Lévi-Strauss, Marcel Otte est professeur émérite à l’Université de Liège, président de la commission « Paléolithique supérieur d’Eurasie » (UISPP, Unesco) et collaborateur scientifique à l’Institut de paléontologie humaine à Paris. Il a écrit de nombreux ouvrages, dont À l’aube spirituelle de l’humanité (2012), L’Audace de Sapiens (2018) et Sommes-nous si différents des hommes préhistoriques ? (2020) publiés chez Odile Jacob.
Author: Marcel Otte
Publisher: Odile Jacob
ISBN: 2415006025
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 137
Get Book Here
Book Description
Durant au moins 200 000 ans, l’Europe a été occupée par une population unique, les Néandertaliens, à travers des climats d’une grande diversité. Un tel phénomène est exceptionnel dans l’histoire humaine. C’est ce phénomène que Marcel Otte s’efforce ici d’appréhender. Il montre que les Néandertaliens avaient mis en place des modes de vie harmonieux et respectueux des équilibres naturels. Ces modes de vie – consommation alimentaire, techniques de fabrication d’outils, chasse, productions symboliques et artistiques, spiritualité – sont à la source de l’extraordinaire puissance adaptative des sociétés néandertaliennes. Loin d’être figés, sujets à des variations culturelles infinies, ils témoignent que les Néandertaliens avaient élaboré des sociétés dont la sophistication n’avait rien à envier à celle de l’homme moderne. Formé par André Leroi-Gourhan et Claude Lévi-Strauss, Marcel Otte est professeur émérite à l’Université de Liège, président de la commission « Paléolithique supérieur d’Eurasie » (UISPP, Unesco) et collaborateur scientifique à l’Institut de paléontologie humaine à Paris. Il a écrit de nombreux ouvrages, dont À l’aube spirituelle de l’humanité (2012), L’Audace de Sapiens (2018) et Sommes-nous si différents des hommes préhistoriques ? (2020) publiés chez Odile Jacob.
Author: Jennifer C. French
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110858411X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 723
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Book Description
In this book, Jennifer French presents a new synthesis of the archaeological, palaeoanthropological, and palaeogenetic records of the European Palaeolithic, adopting a unique demographic perspective on these first two-million years of European prehistory. Unlike prevailing narratives of demographic stasis, she emphasises the dynamism of Palaeolithic populations of both our evolutionary ancestors and members of our own species across four demographic stages, within a context of substantial Pleistocene climatic changes. Integrating evolutionary theory with a socially oriented approach to the Palaeolithic, French bridges biological and cultural factors, with a focus on women and children as the drivers of population change. She shows how, within the physiological constraints on fertility and mortality, social relationships provide the key to enduring demographic success. Through its demographic focus, French combines a 'big picture' perspective on human evolution with careful analysis of the day-to-day realities of European Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer communities—their families, their children, and their lives.
Author: Paul Mellars
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 9780691034935
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 508
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Book Description
Good books on Neanderthals have been a pleasing feature of the last few years; especially notable being The Neanderthals (Trinkhaus and Shipman 1994) and the prize-winning, In Search of the Neanderthals (Stringer and Gamble 1994).
Author: David Reich
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192554387
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
The past few years have seen a revolution in our ability to map whole genome DNA from ancient humans. With the ancient DNA revolution, combined with rapid genome mapping of present human populations, has come remarkable insights into our past. This important new data has clarified and added to our knowledge from archaeology and anthropology, helped resolve long-existing controversies, challenged long-held views, and thrown up some remarkable surprises. The emerging picture is one of many waves of ancient human migrations, so that all populations existing today are mixes of ancient ones, as well as in many cases carrying a genetic component from Neanderthals, and, in some populations, Denisovans. David Reich, whose team has been at the forefront of these discoveries, explains what the genetics is telling us about ourselves and our complex and often surprising ancestry. Gone are old ideas of any kind of racial 'purity', or even deep and ancient divides between peoples. Instead, we are finding a rich variety of mixtures. Reich describes the cutting-edge findings from the past few years, and also considers the sensitivities involved in tracing ancestry, with science sometimes jostling with politics and tradition. He brings an important wider message: that we should celebrate our rich diversity, and recognize that every one of us is the result of a long history of migration and intermixing of ancient peoples, which we carry as ghosts in our DNA. What will we discover next?
Author: Rebecca Wragg Sykes
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1472937481
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 417
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Book Description
** WINNER OF THE PEN HESSELL-TILTMAN PRIZE 2021 ** 'Beautiful, evocative, authoritative.' Professor Brian Cox 'Important reading not just for anyone interested in these ancient cousins of ours, but also for anyone interested in humanity.' Yuval Noah Harari Kindred is the definitive guide to the Neanderthals. Since their discovery more than 160 years ago, Neanderthals have metamorphosed from the losers of the human family tree to A-list hominins. Rebecca Wragg Sykes uses her experience at the cutting edge of Palaeolithic research to share our new understanding of Neanderthals, shoving aside clichés of rag-clad brutes in an icy wasteland. She reveals them to be curious, clever connoisseurs of their world, technologically inventive and ecologically adaptable. Above all, they were successful survivors for more than 300,000 years, during times of massive climatic upheaval. Much of what defines us was also in Neanderthals, and their DNA is still inside us. Planning, co-operation, altruism, craftsmanship, aesthetic sense, imagination, perhaps even a desire for transcendence beyond mortality. Kindred does for Neanderthals what Sapiens did for us, revealing a deeper, more nuanced story where humanity itself is our ancient, shared inheritance.
Author: Charles River Editors
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN: 9781727354102
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
*Includes pictures *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading In popular culture, the term Neanderthal is used as a colloquial insult for a degenerate or someone perceived as stupid. This seems to have been the case even from the first recognition of the Neanderthals as a species. The first Neanderthal fossil discovery was that of a child's skull in Belgium in 1829, but it was badly damaged. Another would be discovered in 1856 in a limestone mine of the Neanderthal region of what is present-day Germany, and a skull with differing distinct traits (indicating a different species than the Neanderthals) would be discovered just over a decade later in southwestern France. The latter specimen would come to be recognized as an example of the species Homo Sapiens, and these anatomically modern humans arrived in Europe between 45,000 and 43,000 years ago, around the time the Neanderthals are believed to started going extinct. The Neanderthals are a member of the genus Homo just like Homo sapiens and share roughly 99.7% of their DNA with modern humans (Reynolds and Gallagher 2012). Both species even lived briefly during the same time in Eurasia. However, the Neanderthals evolved separately in Europe, away from modern humans, who evolved in Africa. The Neanderthals lived in Europe and Asia for nearly 200,000 years and thrived in these regions, but they went extinct between 40,000 and 30,000 years ago, around the same time that modern humans began arriving in Europe. This has prompted much speculation as to the nature of the interactions between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens, especially since some researchers believe they interacted with each other for over 5,000 years before the Neanderthals began going extinct at different times across Europe. One hypothesis is that Homo sapiens displaced the Neanderthals and were better suited for the environment, and it is obviously possible if not likely that these two groups had become competitors for food and other resources, with Homo sapiens being more successful in the end. If such close interactions were taking place, there is also a possibility that the relatively new-to-Europe Homo sapiens brought pathogens from Africa with them that were unknown to the Neanderthal's immune system. A more recent example of this type of resulting interaction is the European expansion into the Americas, which brought diseases like smallpox that the natives of America had never experienced before, especially diseases resulting from the domestication of animals. It is possible that the domestication of the dog by Homo sapiens may have contributed in spreading foreign diseases among the Neanderthals. Whether or not this occurred, it is highly likely that the interactions between the two groups became much more intimate at one point. The Neanderthals were able to make and use a diverse set of sophisticated tools, control fire, make and wear clothing, and create decorations and ornaments. There is even evidence that the Neanderthal buried their dead with grave offerings, a practice that is also associated with later Homo sapiens, which suggests the two species were exchanging ideas such as tool making and rituals. Archaeological sites from Spain to Russia have been discovered that contain transitional stone tools associated with either Homo sapiens or Neanderthals. From the archaeological evidence alone, it is difficult to determine the level of interactions that were held at these sites. These sites may have been used at the same time. The Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon: The History and Legacy of the First People to Migrate to Europe looks at the evolution of both and examines the theories regarding their histories and interactions. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Neanderthals and Cro-Magnon like never before.
Author: Clive Finlayson
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139449710
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
Neanderthals and Modern Humans develops the theme of the close relationship between climate change, ecological change and biogeographical patterns in humans during the Pleistocene. In particular, it challenges the view that Modern Human 'superiority' caused the extinction of the Neanderthals between 40 and 30 thousand years ago. Clive Finlayson shows that to understand human evolution, the spread of humankind across the world and the extinction of archaic populations, we must move away from a purely theoretical evolutionary ecology base and realise the importance of wider biogeographic patterns including the role of tropical and temperate refugia. His proposal is that Neanderthals became extinct because their world changed faster than they could cope with, and that their relationship with the arriving Modern Humans, where they met, was subtle.
Author: Steven E. Churchill
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118590872
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Thin on the Ground: Neandertal Biology, Archeology and Ecology synthesizes the current knowledge about our sister species the Neandertals, combining data from a variety of disciplines to reach a cohesive theory behind Neandertal low population densities and relatively low rate of technological innovation. The book highlights and contrasts the differences between Neandertals and early modern humans and explores the morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptive solutions which led to the extinction of the Neandertals and the population expansion of modern humans. Written by a world recognized expert in physical anthropology, Thin on the Ground: Neandertal Biology, Archaeology and Ecology will be a must have title for anyone interested in the rise and fall of the Neandertals.
Author: Ian Gilligan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108470084
Category : Design
Languages : en
Pages : 347
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Book Description
The first book on the origin of clothes shows why climate change was crucial - for the origin of agriculture too.
Author: John F. Hoffecker
Publisher: Rutgers University Press
ISBN: 9780813529929
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
The burning question, of course, is why a creature that originated in cozy tropical Africa would go live in a cold and dry place, especially at its coldest and driest, between 300,000 and 12,000 years ago. Alas, no pioneer journals survive, at least translated into a modern European language; and Hoffecker (U. of Colorado-Boulder), a specialist in the archaeology of people in cold environments, true to his sources, remains silent on the issue. He summarizes the Ice Age settlement of Eastern European during the transition from Neanderthals to immediate human ancestors, within the context of human evolution as a whole. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
