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Author: Damien Charbonnier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 48
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Book Description
Contexte : En France, le cancer du sein était le premier cancer diagnostiqué et la première cause de décès par cancer, chez la femme. La balance bénéfice risque du dépistage organisé du cancer du sein (DOCS) faisait l'objet de controverses scientifiques, en particulier au sujet des surdiagnostics. La conférence citoyenne et certaines sociétés savantes réclamaient une meilleure information des femmes. L'objectif de cette étude était d'analyser les différents outils d'aide à la décision et documents d'information tant sur le fond que sur la forme. Méthode : Une revue de la littérature a été réalisée par 3 chercheurs sur la période 2006-2016. Les articles originaux inclus, en langue française ou anglaise, traitaient des documents d'informations ou d'outils d'aide à la décision dans le DOCS sans restriction sur le type d'étude. Résultats : Les 69 articles inclus montraient qu'une progression des connaissances chez les participantes n'était pas corrélée à une augmentation de l'intention de participer ni à une augmentation de la participation. La forme de l'information (brochures, vidéos...) ne semblait pas influer sur ces taux. Les participantes appréciaient les entretiens avec un interlocuteur formé. Dans un tiers des études, la population était incluse sur des critères ethniques et sociaux. Huit études abordaient le surdiagnostic. Conclusion : Cette revue rappelle l'importance des entretiens répétés support d'une décision médicale partagée. Des interventions spécifiques comme le concept de « patient navigator » pourraient lutter contre les inégalités sociales de santé. L'incertitude actuelle concernant le taux de surdiagnostics doit être communiquée aux patientes.
Author: Damien Charbonnier
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 48
Get Book Here
Book Description
Contexte : En France, le cancer du sein était le premier cancer diagnostiqué et la première cause de décès par cancer, chez la femme. La balance bénéfice risque du dépistage organisé du cancer du sein (DOCS) faisait l'objet de controverses scientifiques, en particulier au sujet des surdiagnostics. La conférence citoyenne et certaines sociétés savantes réclamaient une meilleure information des femmes. L'objectif de cette étude était d'analyser les différents outils d'aide à la décision et documents d'information tant sur le fond que sur la forme. Méthode : Une revue de la littérature a été réalisée par 3 chercheurs sur la période 2006-2016. Les articles originaux inclus, en langue française ou anglaise, traitaient des documents d'informations ou d'outils d'aide à la décision dans le DOCS sans restriction sur le type d'étude. Résultats : Les 69 articles inclus montraient qu'une progression des connaissances chez les participantes n'était pas corrélée à une augmentation de l'intention de participer ni à une augmentation de la participation. La forme de l'information (brochures, vidéos...) ne semblait pas influer sur ces taux. Les participantes appréciaient les entretiens avec un interlocuteur formé. Dans un tiers des études, la population était incluse sur des critères ethniques et sociaux. Huit études abordaient le surdiagnostic. Conclusion : Cette revue rappelle l'importance des entretiens répétés support d'une décision médicale partagée. Des interventions spécifiques comme le concept de « patient navigator » pourraient lutter contre les inégalités sociales de santé. L'incertitude actuelle concernant le taux de surdiagnostics doit être communiquée aux patientes.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241547006
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Most women who die from cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries, are in the prime of their life. They may be raising children, caring for their family, and contributing to the social and economic life of their town or village. Their death is both a personal tragedy, and a sad and unnecessary loss to their family and their community. Unnecessary, because there is compelling evidence, as this Guide makes clear, that cervical cancer is one of the most preventable and treatable forms of cancer, as long as it is detected early and managed effectively. Unfortunately, the majority of women in developing countries still do not have access to cervical cancer prevention programmes. The consequence is that, often, cervical cancer is not detected until it is too late to be cured. An urgent effort is required if this situation is to be corrected. This Guide is intended to help those responsible for providing services aimed at reducing the burden posed by cervical cancer for women, communities and health systems. It focuses on the knowledge and skills needed by health care providers, at different levels of care.
Author: Alan D. Lopez
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821362631
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 511
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Book Description
Strategic health planning, the cornerstone of initiatives designed to achieve health improvement goals around the world, requires an understanding of the comparative burden of diseases and injuries, their corresponding risk factors and the likely effects of invervention options. The Global Burden of Disease framework, originally published in 1990, has been widely adopted as the preferred method for health accounting and has become the standard to guide the setting of health research priorities. This publication sets out an updated assessment of the situation, with an analysis of trends observed since 1990 and a chapter on the sensitivity of GBD estimates to various sources of uncertainty in methods and data.
Author: David HouŽto
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 1291761152
Category : Reference
Languages : fr
Pages : 327
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Book Description
Le terme promotion de la santé en Afrique, près de 30 ans après l'adoption de la Charte d'Ottawa, continue d'avoir des connotations complètement hors du sens que lui confère cette charte. Cela n'est pas étonnant quand on sait que la notion de santé dans ce contexte africain équivaut à la lutte contre la maladie à travers les soins de santé dispensés par des professionnels de la santé dans des formations sanitaires et les hôpitaux. L'évolution que connait le continent depuis quelques décennies est de donner un peu plus de place à la communauté à travers les relais communautaires dans une participation communautaire vidée de son contenu, car le pouvoir n'est jamais passé entre les mains des communautés.C'est au vu de tout ceci que le présent ouvrage à sa raison d'être pour expliquer les fondements de l'autonomisation communautaire et de la promotion de la santé avec leur importance pour la région africaine en proie aux mauvais indicateurs de santé comparativement aux autres régions du monde.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241548120
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 166
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Book Description
These guidelines have been developed to support countries to relieve pain in their paediatric populations. These guidelines address persisting pain in children caused by conditions such as cancer, HIV/AIDS, sickle-cell disease, burns, trauma, and phantom limb pain. Recommendations -- developed following a careful and transparent appraisal of available evidence -- are presented for the pharmacological treatment of mild, moderate and severe pain. The guidelines include chapters on the various systems used to classify pain and on the evaluation of pain, which reviews the available tools for routine pain measurement in children. Provision of sustainable pain relief within health care systems is covered in a separate chapter. Since morphine and other opioid analgesics -- required for the relief of moderate-to-severe pain in children -- are listed under the 1961 UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the new guidelines include an annex explaining the Convention's requirements for the handling and procurement of opioid analgesics for the relief of pain.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241544825
Category : Analgesia
Languages : en
Pages : 74
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Book Description
The second edition of a guide, which introduced a simple, yet highly effective method for the relief of cancer pain. Thoroughly revised and updated, the new edition further refines the WHO method, which advocates the use of a small number of relatively inexpensive drugs, including morphine. Revisions draw on experiences with millions of patients around the world as well as new knowledge about the specific pain syndromes unique to cancer. Completely new are chapters describing the international system by which morphine and other opioids are made available for medical purposes. The book has two parts. Part one provides a practical guide to the relief of cancer pain, concentrating on drug treatment as the mainstay of pain management. The most extensive section sets out detailed guidelines for the selection and prescribing of non-opioid analgesics, opioid analgesics, drugs for neuropathic pain, and adjuvant drugs for the treatment of adverse effects, the enhancement of pain relief and the management of concomitant psychological disturbances. Information ranges from explanations of how specific drugs work, through the precautions to take in the presence of certain disorders, to a list of factors that influence the effectiveness of opioids. Concerning the use of opioids, readers are reminded that psychological dependence does not occur in cancer patients and that the only correct dose of morphine is the one that relieves the pain. Part two provides a guide to opioid availability. A discussion of the reasons why opioids continue to be underprescribed or difficult to obtain is followed by an explanation of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309450063
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 137
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Book Description
The most recent Ebola epidemic that began in late 2013 alerted the entire world to the gaps in infectious disease emergency preparedness and response. The regional outbreak that progressed to a significant public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in a matter of months killed 11,310 and infected more than 28,616. While this outbreak bears some unique distinctions to past outbreaks, many characteristics remain the same and contributed to tragic loss of human life and unnecessary expenditure of capital: insufficient knowledge of the disease, its reservoirs, and its transmission; delayed prevention efforts and treatment; poor control of the disease in hospital settings; and inadequate community and international responses. Recognizing the opportunity to learn from the countless lessons of this epidemic, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop in March 2015 to discuss the challenges to successful outbreak responses at the scientific, clinical, and global health levels. Workshop participants explored the epidemic from multiple perspectives, identified important questions about Ebola that remained unanswered, and sought to apply this understanding to the broad challenges posed by Ebola and other emerging pathogens, to prevent the international community from being taken by surprise once again in the face of these threats. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Author: Faiz M. Khan
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN: 9780683046076
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 645
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Book Description
Radiation oncology is integrated with medical physics for a unique look at the state of the art in cancer patient care. World-renowned authors provide a complete discussion of treatment planning featuring the clinical, physical, and technical aspects involved. Coverage includes 3-D conformal treatment and other advancements in computer technology and medical imaging to bring the reader a modern perspective on treatment planning.
Author: International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher: IAEA
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 704
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Book Description
This publication is aimed at students and teachers involved in teaching programmes in field of medical radiation physics, and it covers the basic medical physics knowledge required in the form of a syllabus for modern radiation oncology. The information will be useful to those preparing for professional certification exams in radiation oncology, medical physics, dosimetry or radiotherapy technology.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241545720
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with 80 per cent of deaths occurring in developing countries. It is an important area for cancer control programmes because of the burden of the disease and the potential for effective prevention via screening. This publication is based on a comprehensive consultation undertaken by WHO in 2001, involving leading experts in the field of cancer epidemiology, screening and treatment. It focuses on the current situation in low and middle income countries, discusses the efficacy of screening methods available, and assesses potential future developments.
