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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
For more than a decade, New Zealand Winegrowers has consistently dedicated a portion of member levies to fund research pertaining to the control of leafroll 3 virus and the insect vector that spreads infection (mealybug). This month, a new book will be distributed to all NZW members, providing the latest practical guidance on the subject and entitled Leafroll 3 Virus and How to Manage It.Created as part of the 'Virus Elimination Project', the book is written by project team members Ruby Andrew, Vaughn Bell, Nick Hoskins, Gerhard Pietersen and Caine Thompson.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 108
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Book Description
For more than a decade, New Zealand Winegrowers has consistently dedicated a portion of member levies to fund research pertaining to the control of leafroll 3 virus and the insect vector that spreads infection (mealybug). This month, a new book will be distributed to all NZW members, providing the latest practical guidance on the subject and entitled Leafroll 3 Virus and How to Manage It.Created as part of the 'Virus Elimination Project', the book is written by project team members Ruby Andrew, Vaughn Bell, Nick Hoskins, Gerhard Pietersen and Caine Thompson.
Author: Baozhong Meng
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319577069
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 688
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Book Description
The domestication of grapes dates back five thousand years ago and has spread to nearly all continents. In recent years, grape acreage has increased dramatically in new regions, including the United States of America, Chile, Asia (China and India), and Turkey. A major limiting factor to the sustained production of premium grapes and wines is infections by viruses. The advent of powerful molecular and metagenomics technologies, such as molecular cloning and next generation sequencing, allowed the discovery of new viruses from grapes. To date, grapevine is susceptible to 64 viruses that belong to highly diverse taxonomic groups. The most damaging diseases include: (1) infectious degeneration; (2) leafroll disease complex; and (3) rugose wood complex. Recently, two new disease syndromes have been recognized: Syrah decline and red blotch. Losses due to fanleaf degeneration are estimated at $1 billion annually in France alone. Other diseases including leafroll, rugose wood, Syrah de cline and red blotch can result in total crop loss several years post-infection. This situation is further exacerbated by mixed infections with multiple viruses and other biotic as well as adverse abiotic environmental conditions, such as drought and winter damage, causing even greater destruction. The book builds upon the last handbook (written over twenty years ago) on the part of diagnostics and extensively expands its scope by inclusion of molecular biology aspects of select viruses that are widespread and economically most important. This includes most current information on the biology, transmission, genome replication, transcription, subcellular localization, as well as virus-host interactions. It also touches on several novel areas of scientific inquiry. It also contains suggested directions for future research in the field of grapevine virology.
Author: International Council for the Study of Viruses and Virus Diseases of the Grapevine
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251032459
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Author: Vaughn Antony Bell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Bikash Mandal
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811056722
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 800
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Book Description
The book is a compilation of research work carried out on plant viruses during past 100 years in India. Plant viruses are important constraints in Indian agriculture. Tropical and sub-tropical environments and intensive crop cultivation practices ideally favours perpetuation of numerous plant viruses and their vectors in India, which often cause wide spread crop losses. Of all the plant pathogens, studies of plant viruses have received a special attention as they are difficult to manage. A large body of literature has been published on the plant virus research from India during past 100 years; however the information is so far not available in one place. This book provides comprehensive information on the biology, molecular biology, epidemics, crop losses, diagnosis and management of viruses and viroids occurring in India. Description of properties of the viruses are provided in the chapters comprising of different genera such as Allexivirus, Begomovirus, Babuvirus, Badnavirus, Carlavirus, Carmovirus, Cucumovirus, Closterovirus, Ilavirus, Mandrivirus, Potyvirus, Tospovirus, Tungrovirus and Sobemovirus. Virus-vector research related to aphid, thrips and whitefly is discussed. The work on the management aspects of plant viral diseases has been described with reference to the conventional, antiviral and transgenic approaches. Further, the quarantine mechanism developed in India for the exclusion of viruses and vectors has also been included. The book also provides useful information about the capacity building on the research and education on Plant Virology in India. Overall, the book covers a wide range of accounts of research findings and innovations in Plant Virology in India during past 100 years. The book will be a resourceful reference to the students, scientists, agricultural professionals and policy makers.
Author: Brogan McGreal
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Grapes
Languages : en
Pages : 149
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Book Description
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is an economically significant virus of grapevines found worldwide. The main mechanism of GLRaV-3 spread is by several species of mealybugs and soft-scale insects. Typically, mealybug abundance is linked to GLRaV-3 spread through a vineyard. An unusual finding in a New Zealand organic vineyard which had high mealybug populations yet no spread of GLRaV-3 prompted the hypothesis that viruliferous mealybugs feeding on non-virus hosts, such as groundcover plants, may lose GLRaV-3 and disrupt virus transmission. To test this hypothesis, it was first imperative to determine the timing of retention and transmission of GLRaV-3 by a mealybug vector, Pseudococcus calceolariae, after access to an alternate plant host (a non-virus host such as white clover). A highly sensitive one-step RT-qPCR TaqMan protocol was designed to detect GLRaV-3 in single first and second instar mealybugs, exuviae and grapevine tissue. The detection protocol detected as few as 10 GLRaV-3 RNA copies which enabled highly sensitive virus detection within mealybugs. Following a 5 day access acquisition period (AAP), P. calceolariae first instars retained GLRaV-3 for 4 days when fed on either an alternate host or GLRaV-3-free grape plants. In addition, GLRaV-3 was retained in some second instar and exuviae after feeding on GLRaV-3 positive grape leaves shortly before moult. GLRaV-3 has not previously been reported to be retained in P. calceolariae first instars for such a long period and GLRaV-3 has not previously been detected in the exuviae of first instar mealybugs and in second instar mealybugs. Following a 5 day AAP, GLRaV-3 was transmitted by P. calceolariae nymphs after access to white clover for up to 11 days. The 11 day retention period, followed by transmission of GLRaV-3, is the longest retention period observed in mealybugs vectoring GLRaV-3 to date. These results suggest that groundcover plants may act as a virus sink only if mealybugs settle and feed on them for several weeks. Based on retention of GLRaV-3 after moult, there is evidence to suggest GLRaV-3 is transmitted in a circulative manner; further experiments are required to verify this finding. This research project provides the foundations for future research to address the complex interactions between viruliferous mealybugs, grapevines, and nonvirus host plants. Such knowledge is fundamental for GLRaV-3 management in vineyards. Keywords: Pseudococcus calceolariae, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3, alternate host, retention, transmission
Author: A. Hadidi
Publisher: American Phytopathological Society
ISBN: 9780890543962
Category : Fruit
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This impressive new reference presents state-of-the-art biological, molecular, and immunological advances surrounding the causes and strategies for diagnosing and controlling virus diseases of stone fruits. The book's vivid color images aid in the visual identification of symptomatology while distribution data and improved laboratory techniques provide reliable information and tools for higher diagnostic accuracy. It includes information on economic impact, biology, distribution, taxonomy, genomes, epidemiology, pathogenicity detection, and control measures. This will be an important resource for anyone working with these high-value crops.
Author: Hugo Campos
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030286835
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524
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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a fresh, updated and science-based perspective on the current status and prospects of the diverse array of topics related to the potato, and was written by distinguished scientists with hands-on global experience in research aspects related to potato. The potato is the third most important global food crop in terms of consumption. Being the only vegetatively propagated species among the world’s main five staple crops creates both issues and opportunities for the potato: on the one hand, this constrains the speed of its geographic expansion and its options for international commercialization and distribution when compared with commodity crops such as maize, wheat or rice. On the other, it provides an effective insulation against speculation and unforeseen spikes in commodity prices, since the potato does not represent a good traded on global markets. These two factors highlight the underappreciated and underrated role of the potato as a dependable nutrition security crop, one that can mitigate turmoil in world food supply and demand and political instability in some developing countries. Increasingly, the global role of the potato has expanded from a profitable crop in developing countries to a crop providing income and nutrition security in developing ones. This book will appeal to academics and students of crop sciences, but also policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the potato and its contribution to humankind’s food security.
Author: Sangeeta Saxena
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811059845
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 332
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Book Description
Begomoviruses are one of the most interesting plant viruses to study for basic and applied research as they cause huge economic losses to agriculture industries and farmers all over the world. They belong to family Geminiviridae and are emergent plant viral pathogens which cause diseases in various crops in the tropical and subtropical regions. They are transmitted by the whitefly (B. tabaci) and have either one (monopartite DNA-A) or two (bipartite DNA-A and DNA-B) genomic components. DNA-A and DNA-B are of ~2600 - 2800 nucleotides each. A number of serious diseases of cultivated crops of the Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae families are caused by Begomoviruses which are considered as threat to their cultivation in many countries. Accurate diagnosis is important for successful diseases management, since plants infected by Begomovirus do not recover, suffer serious yield losses and act as further sources of inoculum, which is then picked up and spread by their vector whitefly (B. tabaci). Reports of occurrence of new viruses and re-emergence of several known viruses in new niches have become regular event. In such a dynamic system, growth of several crop species relies on an accurate diagnosis, management and better understanding of the biology of the casual virus. This is crucial to evolve appropriate control practices and to prevent the virus infection. Researchers have achieved considerable progress in characterization, detection and management of virus on different crop species in the last decade. This book covers latest information in diagnosis of begomoviruses in the present scenario and explores the new vistas in the field of genomics and proteomics. Chapters in Section 1 illustrates the occurrence, genome organisation, transmission and diagnostics of begomoviruses. It also details the diseases caused by begomoviruses on different crops, detection techniques and management strategies in support of research findings by presentation of data, graphics, figures and tables. Section 2 is a chapterwise collection of occurrence, diversity and status of begomoviruses in Asian Africa counties where the diseases are most prevalent. This book will provide wide opportunity to the readers to have complete information and status of begomovirus in Asia and Africa. This will be useful resource for researchers and extension workers involved in the begomvirus disease diagnosis and molecular biology. Expert detection, accurate diagnosis and timely management play a significant role in keeping plants free from pathogens. In this book expert researchers share their research knowledge and literature which are vital towards the diagnosis of begomoviruses, addressing traditional plant pathology techniques as well as advanced molecular diagnostic approach. The book deals with the economically important crops including fruits, vegetables along with challenges in crop protection against diseases caused by begomovirus. This will be resourceful and handy for researcher, practitioners and also students.
Author: Gad Loebenstein
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123943140
Category : Gardening
Languages : en
Pages : 596
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Book Description
This volume of Advances in Virus Research focuses on mycoviruses. The authors and reviews represent the most current and cutting-edge research in the field. A broad range of research is presented from research experts. Contributions from leading authorities Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
