Leading Strand DNA Synthesis Increases the Frequency of UV-induced Mutations in Escherichia Coli PDF Download
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Author: Manasi J. Benurwar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause a variety of alterations in the chemical structure of DNA strands. The most common lesions formed are the thymine-thymine cyclopyrimidine dimers (CPDs), which result in the covalent linking of adjacent thymine bases in the same strand. These lesions, if left uncorrected, may eventually lead to cell death or mutations. In previous research, the Escherichia coli strain FX-11-TC, an excision repair deficient derivative of FX-11, was shown to produce an unequal distribution of UV-induced mutations within the palindromic target sequence 5'-GTTAAC-3'. The results suggested a potential difference in the fidelity of DNA replication between the leading and the lagging strands. In this research, the possibility of unequal rates of UV mutagenesis in the leading strand of the replicon as opposed to the lagging strand was investigated.
Author: Manasi J. Benurwar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 86
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Book Description
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause a variety of alterations in the chemical structure of DNA strands. The most common lesions formed are the thymine-thymine cyclopyrimidine dimers (CPDs), which result in the covalent linking of adjacent thymine bases in the same strand. These lesions, if left uncorrected, may eventually lead to cell death or mutations. In previous research, the Escherichia coli strain FX-11-TC, an excision repair deficient derivative of FX-11, was shown to produce an unequal distribution of UV-induced mutations within the palindromic target sequence 5'-GTTAAC-3'. The results suggested a potential difference in the fidelity of DNA replication between the leading and the lagging strands. In this research, the possibility of unequal rates of UV mutagenesis in the leading strand of the replicon as opposed to the lagging strand was investigated.
Author: Christian P. Coogan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
N -ethyl- N -nitrosourea (ENU) is an alkylating agent that forms covalent adducts in DNA. These adducts promote the occurrence of mutations. In a previous study, the frequency of ENU-induced mutations in a strain of Escherichia coli (FX-11) having a palindromic target sequence was asymmetric. This result suggested a possible difference between leading and lagging strand replication complexes in the formation of ENU-induced mutations. In this research, gene inversion was studied by constructing two derivatives of E. coli FX-11 that contained the target allele ( tyr A14) in opposite orientations with respect to the replication fork. ENU-induced mutagenesis produced different base changes in the nonsense defect that restored tyr A14 function (backmutants). Mutation frequency analysis revealed that replication orientation did have an affect on ENU-induced mutagenesis. However, this affect only occurred when the damage was located on the transcribed strand, in which case leading strand synthesis was more mutagenic than lagging strand synthesis.
Author: Errol C. Friedberg
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology Press
ISBN: 1555813194
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2587
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Book Description
An essential resource for all scientists researching cellular responses to DNA damage. • Introduces important new material reflective of the major changes and developments that have occurred in the field over the last decade. • Discussed the field within a strong historical framework, and all aspects of biological responses to DNA damage are detailed. • Provides information on covering sources and consequences of DNA damage; correcting altered bases in DNA: DNA repair; DNA damage tolerance and mutagenesis; regulatory responses to DNA damage in eukaryotes; and disease states associated with defective biological responses to DNA damage.
Author: Jörg Reichrath
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030462277
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
The third edition is a comprehensive and updated overview of positive and negative effects of UV-exposure, with a focus on Vitamin D and skin cancer. Researchers, oncologists,and students will be provided with the most significant and timely information related to topics such as the epidemiology of skin cancer, the immune system and skin cancer, ultraviolet damage, DNA repair and Vitamin D in Nonmelanoma skin cancer and malignant melanoma. There have been a number of new, scientific findings in this fast moving field that necessitated a thoroughly updated and revised edition including new Vitamin D metabolites and skin cancer, new findings on the beneficial effects of UV and solar UV and skin cancer, adverse effects of sun protection and sunscreens, sun exposure and mortality, and more. The book will summarize essential, up-to-date information for every clinician or scientist interested in how to balance the positive and negative effects of UV‐exposure to minimize the risks of developing vitamin D deficiency and skin cancer.
Author: Andrei Kuzminov
Publisher: Landes Bioscience
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
Author: A. Castellani
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461341604
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 730
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Book Description
Every four years the photobio1ogists of the world get together in an International Congress. They discuss and learn not only re search details and findings in their own, often narrow, fields but educate one another broadly in the many biological systems that interact with light. It is this latter purpose that is exemplified by these proceedings - the Symposium papers and Workshop summaries of the VIIth International Congress on Photobiology held in Rome, August 29 - September 3, 1976. Photobiology is one of the few true interdisciplinary fields. It has an air of excitement about it. A glance at the table of contents indicates clearly that photobiology and its practitioners (individuals whose primary interests are in medicine, plant sci ences, animal sciences, molecular properties, and energy conversion) interact with the entire and diverse world of living creatures. We supply not only the basic research background to help evaluate many present-day environmental problems but are also evaluating and pointing the way toward solutions to a number of these problems.
Author: David Mittelman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461462800
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
The discovery of stress-induced mutagenesis has changed ideas about mutation and evolution, and revealed mutagenic programs that differ from standard spontaneous mutagenesis in rapidly proliferating cells. The stress-induced mutations occur during growth-limiting stress, and can include adaptive mutations that allow growth in the otherwise growth-limiting environment. The stress responses increase mutagenesis specifically when cells are maladapted to their environments, i.e. are stressed, potentially accelerating evolution then. The mutation mechanism also includes temporary suspension of post-synthesis mismatch repair, resembling mutagenesis characteristic of some cancers. Stress-induced mutation mechanisms may provide important models for genome instability underlying some cancers and genetic diseases, resistance to chemotherapeutic and antibiotic drugs, pathogenicity of microbes, and many other important evolutionary processes. This book covers pathways of stress-induced mutagenesis in all systems. The principle focus is mammalian systems, but much of what is known of these pathways comes from non-mammalian systems.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251305269
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
This paper provides guidelines for new high-throughput screening methods – both phenotypic and genotypic – to enable the detection of rare mutant traits, and reviews techniques for increasing the efficiency of crop mutation breeding.
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: Paul James Smith
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
The processes of DNA recombination and repair are vital to cell integrity - an error can lead to disease such as cancer. It is therefore a large and exciting area of research and is also taught on postgraduate and undergraduate courses. This book is not a comprehensive view of the field, but a selection of the issues currently at the forefront of knowledge.
