Landform and Terrain PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Landform and Terrain PDF full book. Access full book title Landform and Terrain by Colin Mitchell. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Colin Mitchell
Publisher: Writersprintshop
ISBN: 9781904623564
Category : Landforms
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
The word "terrain" refers to the surface characteristics of the ground that surrounds us. Terrain forms the skeleton of our landscape underlining our homes and gardens and ultimately giving us our food, clothing, and building materials. We see it daily on our way to work. We view it from the plane window as we travel abroad. We seek its charms when on holiday - the trails we walk, the beaches we lie on, and the mountain views that entrance us. The object of this book is to explain the reasons for the forms and variations of terrain so that we may have a fuller understanding and appreciation of its practical values and charms. These fascinate the rambler, cyclist, and climber but also to the driver and casual visitor. The title of this book is Landform and Terrain: the Physical Geography of Landscape. These terms have related and somewhat overlapping meanings. We use the term terrain for the bare surface of the ground, not including vegetation cover. By landform we mean the combination of terrain and vegetation which is dependent on climate, the actions of water and often of human activity. Landscape refers to the overall character geographical area which may include several different types of terrain and landform. Our aim has been to bring together geology, soil, climate and hydrology in such a way as to give the observer an overall view of the landscape he or she sees around them. Full illustrated. Colin Mitchell was the son of a landscape painter. After a year at Harvard and Oxford he worked as a soil surveyor in Sudan, Iraq, and Pakistan, obtaining a doctorate in terrain studies from Cambridge. An FAO consultant in China, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia and Tanzania. He is author of the booksTerrain Evaluation and Landscape, Walks in Sussex and joint author of Phytogeomorphology. His special interest is encouraging everyone, and especially young people, to study and understand the landscapes around them.
Author: Colin Mitchell
Publisher: Writersprintshop
ISBN: 9781904623564
Category : Landforms
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
The word "terrain" refers to the surface characteristics of the ground that surrounds us. Terrain forms the skeleton of our landscape underlining our homes and gardens and ultimately giving us our food, clothing, and building materials. We see it daily on our way to work. We view it from the plane window as we travel abroad. We seek its charms when on holiday - the trails we walk, the beaches we lie on, and the mountain views that entrance us. The object of this book is to explain the reasons for the forms and variations of terrain so that we may have a fuller understanding and appreciation of its practical values and charms. These fascinate the rambler, cyclist, and climber but also to the driver and casual visitor. The title of this book is Landform and Terrain: the Physical Geography of Landscape. These terms have related and somewhat overlapping meanings. We use the term terrain for the bare surface of the ground, not including vegetation cover. By landform we mean the combination of terrain and vegetation which is dependent on climate, the actions of water and often of human activity. Landscape refers to the overall character geographical area which may include several different types of terrain and landform. Our aim has been to bring together geology, soil, climate and hydrology in such a way as to give the observer an overall view of the landscape he or she sees around them. Full illustrated. Colin Mitchell was the son of a landscape painter. After a year at Harvard and Oxford he worked as a soil surveyor in Sudan, Iraq, and Pakistan, obtaining a doctorate in terrain studies from Cambridge. An FAO consultant in China, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia and Tanzania. He is author of the booksTerrain Evaluation and Landscape, Walks in Sussex and joint author of Phytogeomorphology. His special interest is encouraging everyone, and especially young people, to study and understand the landscapes around them.
Author: Stan Allen
Publisher: Lars Muller Publishers
ISBN: 9783037782231
Category : Architectural design
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
Green roofs, artificial mountains and geological forms; buildings you walk on or over; networks of ramps and warped surfaces; buildings that carve into the ground or landscapes lifted high into the air: all these are commonplace in architecture today. New technologies, new design techniques and a demand for enhanced environmental performance have provoked a re-thinking of architecture's traditional relationship to the ground. The book Landform Building sets out to examine the many manifestations of landscape and ecology in contemporary architectural practice: not as a cross-disciplinary phenomenon (architects working in the landscape) but as new design techniques, new formal strategies and technical problems within architecture.
Author: Andrew Goudie
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134813023
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 592
Get Book Here
Book Description
The specialist contributors to Geomorphological Techniques have thoroughly augmented and updated their original, authoritative coverage with critical evaluations of major recent developments in this field. A new chapter on neotectonics reflects the impact of developments in tectonic theory, and heavily revised sections deal with advances in remote sensing, image analysis, radiometric dating, geomorphometry, data loggers, radioactive tracers, and the determination of pore water pressure and the rates of denudation.
Author: John P. Wilson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471321880
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522
Get Book Here
Book Description
Dieses Buch untersucht, welchen Einfluß Landschaftsformen, insbesondere Höhenunterschiede, auf die an der Erdoberfläche ablaufenden Prozesse haben. Wasserbewegungen, die Sonneneinstrahlung sowie die Bodenentwicklung und -erosion werden alle mehr oder minder durch die Form der Landschaftsoberfläche gesteuert. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Landschaftsanalyse sind vielfältig: Sie reichen von Studien über Wasserscheiden und Feuchtgebiete über Bodenkunde und Erosionsstudien, Landschafts- und Landnutzungsstudien bis zu geomorphologischer Forschung und regionalen und globalen Ökologiestudien. Darüber hinaus kann die Landschaftsanalyse auch zu meteorologischen Vorhersagen sowie bei Problemen mit TV- oder Radiosignalempfang eingesetzt werden. Dieses Forschungsgebiet hat in Verbindung mit den jüngsten Fortschritten auf dem Gebiet der GIS und GPS eine rasante Entwicklung durchlaufen. In diesem Band werden alle diese neuen Ansätze und Anwendungsbereiche umfassend erläutert. (y05/00)
Author: Olav Slaymaker
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319445952
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 439
Get Book Here
Book Description
This is the only book to focus on the geomorphological landscapes of Canada West. It outlines the little-appreciated diversity of Canada’s landscapes, and the nature of the geomorphological landscape, which deserves wider publicity. Three of the most important geomorphological facts related to Canada are that 90% of its total area emerged from ice-sheet cover relatively recently, from a geological perspective; permafrost underlies 50% of its landmass and the country enjoys the benefits of having three oceans as its borders: the Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic oceans. Canada West is a land of extreme contrasts — from the rugged Cordillera to the wide open spaces of the Prairies; from the humid west-coast forests to the semi-desert in the interior of British Columbia and from the vast Mackenzie river system of the to small, steep, cascading streams on Vancouver Island. The thickest Canadian permafrost is found in the Yukon and extensive areas of the Cordillera are underlain by sporadic permafrost side-by-side with the never-glaciated plateaus of the Yukon. One of the curiosities of Canada West is the presence of volcanic landforms, extruded through the ice cover of the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs, which have also left a strong imprint on the landscape. The Mackenzie and Fraser deltas provide the contrast of large river deltas, debouching respectively into the Arctic and Pacific oceans.
Author: M. Luc
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319135279
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book presents recent advances in landscape analysis and landscape planning based on selected studies conducted in different parts of Europe. Included are methodological problems and case studies presented and discussed during scientific sessions organized by the Commission of Landscape Analysis and Landscape Planning of the International Geographical Union (IGU) within the framework of the IGU Regional Conference in Kraków, Poland, August 18-22, 2014. The subject of landscape analysis and landscape planning has been of interest to geographers since the beginning of the twentieth century. This relatively new area of study, which focuses on the landscape resource patches and spatial interconnections, was first introduced as landscape ecology (Landschaftsoekologie) by Carl Troll, one of the twentieth century’s most influential physical geographers. Today, landscape studies involve adopting a holistic view of geographic environments and are closely connected to rapidly developing ecosystem, sustainable landscape and ecosystem services approaches. Modern techniques employing Geographical Information Systems are used to support spatial landscape analyses.
Author: Henrik Hargitai
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9781461431336
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
The technique of the mapping of planetary surfaces and the methods used for the identification of various planetary landforms improved much in the last 400 years. Until the 20th century, telescopic observers could interpret planetary landforms solely based on their appearance, while today various data sets acquired by space probes can be used for a more detailed analysis on the composition and origin of the surface features. Before the Greeks, the Earth and the Heavens were indisputably of different origin and nature. It was a major philosophical breakthrough - first appeared as an a priori theory, later based on observations - that the Heavens (planetary bodies) and the Earth share common features: gravity, composition and solar distance may be different, but the nature of the physical processes shaping the landforms are essentially the same. It has been a long way since we have arrived from the first telescopic description of lunar craters to the identification of various geological formations on Mars or on minor planets. Relief features of the Moon have first been observed by Galileo Galilee, via his telescope. During the next centuries, a multitude of Lunar landforms have been identified. Theories based on observations have been connected together by a scientific paradigm which explained their origin in a logical and seemingly undisputable manner. Telescopes showed a Lunar surface full of circular landforms, called craters, a landscape with no parallel on Earth. But the individual landforms had a morphological equivalent, volcanoes, which naturally led to the conclusion that craters had been created by volcanic processes. Maria ("seas") served as natural basins for water bodies. Observations clearly showed that water and air are hardly found on the Moon, the lack of clouds indicated the lack of precipitation. But the flat surface of the maria (obviously composed of marine sediments) and the meandering valleys suggested the presence of liquid water and a higher atmospheric pressure in the past - during the age of active volcanism and degassing. There were no observable active volcanic processes but some craters (though to be volcanoes) have been observed as being active: flashes of light - interpreted as eruptions - have been reported by several observers. The presence of pyroclasts thrown out from the volcanic vents of craters provided an independent evidence: meteor showers and individual meteorites falling from the sky - originating from Lunar craters. The logical and interconnected set of explanations based on observations proved to be completely false by the second half of the 20th century. The new paradigm interpreted the very same features in a new context. The case of Mars was different. There were no telescopes capable of observing relief forms (no shadows on Mars are visible from the Earth, because Mars always shows a nearly full Mars phase), so only albedo features could be seen and used for interpretation. The lack of visible relief features were interpreted as a lack of considerable topography: an unnoticed distortion in the observational data. The hue and contrast of dark and bright, orange, grey and white spots have changed seasonally, the polar areas clearly showed a polar cap made of ice and snow, but clouds have not been observed. Since Mars is farther away from the Sun than the Earth, it was evident that temperature values are lower there. Scientists concluded that Mars is an ancient, arid world. Then contemporary geology taught the theory according to which waters on the Earth are going to infiltrate underground in time, making the surface dry - observations showed that this had already happened on Mars. The last surface reservoirs of water were the polar caps. Some observers reported seeing a global network of linear features, but other have only seen very few of such albedo markings. These features were interpreted as "canals," made by a civilization for irrigation, carrying water from the poles to all around the flat plains of Mars. What was observable from the Earth were the broad stripes of irrigated vegetation (like those along the Nile), the canals themselves were too narrow to be visible from here. All theories converged - supposing that the features seen by some, but not seen by others, were real. There was no chance for verification until spacecrafts have been developed which were able to make local observations. Instead of canals, the first pictures returned revealed a surface full of craters - a landform not expected by anyone. A paradigm shift was needed to explain the features of the "new" Mars. On the Moon, features were observable, but the interpretation was wrong. On Mars, only blurred albedo markings could be observed, along with sharp lines of imagination, which again were interpreted falsely. In the case of Venus, there was no data on surface features. Only its bright cloud top could be observed from the Earth. But this fact along with the planet's orbital parameters provided enough information for a popular view on its surface conditions: a hot world (inferred from its proximity to the Sun) and also a rainy one (from its complete cloud cover). The conclusion: Venus is a global jungle possibly with dinosaurs, like the hot and wet world of the then-discovered Mesozoic era. Our current knowledge originated from these early attempts of interpreting surface conditions and geological origin of landforms from a very little set of available data. Today we have a huge set of images and other physical data which makes it possible to create models on the inner structure and thermal history of planetary bodies. Combined data sets lead to better supported models on the formation of surface features. Today we believe that most models give reliable explanation for the origin of planetary landforms. New, higher resolution images reveal new sets of meso- and microscale landforms, while images from previously not imaged dwarf planets, satellites, asteroids and cometary nuclei show landforms never seen before. In the future exoplanets are expected to provide brand new types of relief features no predictable by our Earth-and Solar System bound imagination. There are so many different landforms on planetary surfaces that it is nearly impossible for anybody to overview all of them who does not work exactly with that certain feature type. The Encyclopedia helps with presenting the landforms in searchable, alphabetical order. The book contains more than a simple list of various features: it provides context and connections between them and point to their origin. For example sand dunes were found on Venus, Mars and Titan, fluvial valleys and shorelines are present on Mars and Titan, impact craters have many different types - all are presented and explained here. Beyond the texts, references, schematic figures, images and planetary maps accompany the description of landforms, providing a wide background for detailed analyses even for geomorphologists working in planetary science. This book is to help the reader to discover the great variety of planetary landforms.
Author: Nabil Sayed Embabi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319656619
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 335
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book provides a unique reference resource not only for geomorphologists, but for all Earth scientists. It shows how landforms vary enormously across Egypt, from high mountains to endless plains, and presents the vast heritage of forms that have developed under different climates. Richly illustrated with numerous plates and figures, it also includes a bibliography offering exhaustive coverage of the literature.
Author: Peter Petschek
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3034609876
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 223
Get Book Here
Book Description
"The contour line is the only precise and accurate means for representing the free and natural formation of terrain in the plan; so learn to use this instrument!" Professor Hans Loidl, Landscape Architect and Teacher The two design elements of landscape architecture are plants and terrain. While the subject of vegetation is well documented by numerous publications, there is a lack of technical literature in the field of grading. This volume fills that gap: History, forms of terrain, basic principles, digital modeling, slope reinforcement systems, construction site implementation, and practical examples – all are treated in detail by the author. Short problems, systematically organized and arranged in increasing order of difficulty, enable the reader to apply what he or she has learned. The exercises are suitable for self-study. Together with the large amount of practical information provided by the book, they also enable architects to become familiar with grading as an important design element of landscape architecture.
Author: Marc Antrop
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9402411836
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 446
Get Book Here
Book Description
Climb a mountain and experience the landscape. Try to grasp its holistic nature. Do not climb alone, but with others and share your experience. Be sure the ways of seeing the landscape will be very different. We experience the landscape with all senses as a complex, dynamic and hierarchically structured whole. The landscape is tangible out there and simultaneously a mental reality. Several perspectives are obvious because of language, culture and background. Many disciplines developed to study the landscape focussing on specific interest groups and applications. Gradually the holistic way of seeing became lost. This book explores the different perspectives on the landscape in relation to its holistic nature. We start from its multiple linguistic meanings and a comprehensive overview of the development of landscape research from its geographical origins to the wide variety of today’s specialised disciplines and interest groups. Understanding the different perspectives on the landscapes and bringing them together is essential in transdisciplinary approaches where the landscape is the integrating concept.
