Labor Turnover, Unemployment and the Gains from Trade PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Labor Turnover, Unemployment and the Gains from Trade PDF full book. Access full book title Labor Turnover, Unemployment and the Gains from Trade by Heinrich Wiese. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Heinrich Wiese
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 74
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Heinrich Wiese
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 74
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Carl Davidson
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691125597
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 433
Get Book Here
Book Description
While most standard economic models of international trade assume full employment, Carl Davidson and Steven Matusz have argued over the past two decades that this reliance on full-employment modeling is misleading and ill-equipped to tackle many important trade-related questions. This book brings together the authors' pioneering work in creating models that more accurately reflect the real-world connections between international trade and labor markets. The material collected here presents the theoretical and empirical foundations of equilibrium unemployment modeling, which the authors and their collaborators developed to give researchers and policymakers a more realistic picture of how international trade affects labor markets, and of how transnational differences in labor markets affect international trade. They address the shortcomings of standard models, describe the empirics that underlie equilibrium unemployment models, and illustrate how these new models can yield vital insights into the relationship between international trade and employment. This volume also includes an indispensable general introduction as well as concise section introductions that put the authors' work in context and reveal the thinking behind their ideas. Economists are only now realizing just how important these ideas are, making this book essential reading for researchers and students.
Author: Hamid Firooz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
This dissertation develops and estimates an open economy dynamic general equilibrium model to introduce and quantify a new mechanism through which openness influences productivity. The model features matching frictions in the labor market and endogenous demand elasticities in product markets. Because openness affects demand elasticities, it influences productivitythrough several channels. First, higher demand elasticities make firms'employment decisions more responsive to their idiosyncratic productivityshocks. This causes aggregate job turnover to rise, and thereby tends toraise unemployment. Second, this same increase in job turnover meansthat workers are moved more frequently from less to more efficient firms.Finally, to the extent that openness reduces the cross-firm dispersion inmarkups, it likewise tends to reduce the distortionary wedges between firms'marginal revenue products.Counterfactual analysis quantifies these trade-induced impacts on job turnover, unemployment, and labor misallocation. I show that a 10 percentage point reduction in import tariffs combined with a 12 percent reduction in the iceberg trade cost raises jobturnover and unemployment (in steady state) by roughly 7 and 12 percent,respectively. These effects would be almost four times smaller ifdemand elasticities were not allowed to respond to openness.
Author: Carl Davidson
Publisher: W.E. Upjohn Institute
ISBN: 0880992743
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 156
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Elhanan Helpman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Employment (Economic theory)
Languages : en
Pages : 64
Get Book Here
Book Description
We study a two-country two-sector model of international trade in which one sector produces homogeneous products while the other produces differentiated products. The differentiated-product industry has firm heterogeneity, monopolistic competition, search and matching in its labor market, and wage bargaining. Some of the workers searching for jobs end up being unemployed. Countries are similar except for frictions in their labor markets. We study the interaction of labor market rigidities and trade impediments in shaping welfare, trade flows, productivity, price levels and unemployment rates. We show that both countries gain from trade but that the flexible country -- which has lower labor market frictions -- gains proportionately more. A flexible labor market confers comparative advantage; the flexible country exports differentiated products on net. A country benefits by lowering frictions in its labor market, but this harms the country's trade partner. And the simultaneous proportional lowering of labor market frictions in both countries benefits both of them. The model generates rich patterns of unemployment. Specifically, trade integration -- which benefits both countries -- may raise their rates of unemployment. Moreover, differences in rates of unemployment do not necessarily reflect differences in labor market rigidities; the rate of unemployment can be higher or lower in the flexible country. Finally, we show that the flexible country has both higher total factor productivity and a lower price level, which operates against the standard Balassa-Samuelson effect.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Balance of payments
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Get Book Here
Book Description
Conference paper on the impact of trade and USA foreign investments on the labour market and employment - examines effects of trade barriers, free trade, technology transfer, etc. On layoff, labour turnover, import competition, unemployment (incl. In the iron and steel industry and motor vehicle industry), etc., and considers implications of an adjustment assistance programme for employment policy and tariff policy. Graphs, references and statistical tables. Conference held in Washington 1976 December 2 and 3.
Author: Arnold Kling
Publisher: Cato Institute
ISBN: 1944424164
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 223
Get Book Here
Book Description
Since the end of the second World War, economics professors and classroom textbooks have been telling us that the economy is one big machine that can be effectively regulated by economic experts and tuned by government agencies like the Federal Reserve Board. It turns out they were wrong. Their equations do not hold up. Their policies have not produced the promised results. Their interpretations of economic events -- as reported by the media -- are often of-the-mark, and unconvincing. A key alternative to the one big machine mindset is to recognize how the economy is instead an evolutionary system, with constantly-changing patterns of specialization and trade. This book introduces you to this powerful approach for understanding economic performance. By putting specialization at the center of economic analysis, Arnold Kling provides you with new ways to think about issues like sustainability, financial instability, job creation, and inflation. In short, he removes stiff, narrow perspectives and instead provides a full, multi-dimensional perspective on a continually evolving system.
Author: Steven J. Matusz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Get Book Here
Book Description
A survey of more than 50 empirical papers shows that the adjustment costs of trade liberalization are small relative to the benefits. Moreover, manufacturing employment typically increases with trade liberalization. The limited data suggest that trade liberalization reduces poverty.Virtually all of the studies that quantify the adjustment costs of trade liberalization relative to the benefits point to the conclusion that adjustment costs are small in relation to the benefits of trade liberalization.The explanation for low adjustment costs is that: These costs are typically short term and end when workers find a job, but the benefits grow as the economy does. Unemployment doesn't last long, especially where workers' pay was not substantial in the original job. Normal labor turnover often exceeds job displacement from trade liberalization.Moreover, studies that examine the impact of trade liberalization on employment in developing countries find there is little decline - and usually an increase - in manufacturing employment in developing countries a year after trade liberalization, for three reasons: Developing countries tend to have comparative advantage in labor-intensive industries, and trade liberalization tends to favor labor. Interindustry shifts occur after trade liberalization, which minimizes the dislocation of factors of production. In many industries normal labor turnover exceeds dislocation from trade liberalization, so downsizing, when necessary, can be accomplished without much forced unemployment. Matusz and Tarr recommend a uniform tariff to minimize special-interest lobbying for protection since it diffuses the benefits of protection.This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of larger effort in the group to examine how trade liberalization affects growth and poverty reduction. David Tarr may be contacted at dtarr @worldbank.org.
Author: Steven Joseph Matusz
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Comercio - Paises en desarrollo
Languages : en
Pages : 63
Get Book Here
Book Description
A survey of more than 50 empirical papers shows that the adjustment costs of trade liberalization are small relative to the benefits. Moreover, manufacturing employment typically increases with trade liberalization. The limited data suggests that trade liberalization reduces poverty.
Author: Steven Joseph Matusz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commercial policy
Languages : en
Pages : 38
Get Book Here
Book Description
