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Author: Jean Richard
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040249604
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 339
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Book Description
This latest volume by Jean Richard is concerned with the evolution of the crusading movement and with the interaction between crusaders and indigenous peoples of the Near East. The articles look at changes in the concept of crusading, means of financing it, and forms of indulgence; at how the adoption of maritime transport created a need to control the sea, and how contacts with the Muslims could lead to peaceful means of resolving conflict and dealing with prisoners. In their lands in the east, the Latins accommodated the feudal structures they brought with them to local conditions, especially in the mountains. Both in this and in the religious sphere compromises were made, and in this co-existence each community preserved its individuality. The final section then considers roles played by eastern Christians in the contacts between Europeans and Mongols. Si les origines de la croisade retiennent l'attention, son évolution mérite elle aussi intérêt. La conception de la croisade, les modalités du financement, la forme d'indulgence, se sont modifiées; l'adoption du transport par bateau a nécessité la prise du contrôle de la mer. Les affrontements avec les Musulmans ont provoqueé des contacts, ainsi pour règler le sort des prisonniers; on a cheché des solutions pacifiques au conflit. Dans leurs possessions orientales, les Francs ont adapté le régime seigneurial aux conditions locales et, tout en gardant intacte leur structure féodale, réservé, surtout dans les montagnes, leur place aux chefs indigènes, Les contacts de civilisation sont réels, mais chaque communauté garde some individualité. Il en est de même dans le domaine religieux, où il a fallu adopter des compromis pout permettre une réelle coexistence. Et finalement les chrétiens orientaux ont été les agents du rapprochement entre Francs and Mongols.
Author: Jean Richard
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040249604
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 339
Get Book Here
Book Description
This latest volume by Jean Richard is concerned with the evolution of the crusading movement and with the interaction between crusaders and indigenous peoples of the Near East. The articles look at changes in the concept of crusading, means of financing it, and forms of indulgence; at how the adoption of maritime transport created a need to control the sea, and how contacts with the Muslims could lead to peaceful means of resolving conflict and dealing with prisoners. In their lands in the east, the Latins accommodated the feudal structures they brought with them to local conditions, especially in the mountains. Both in this and in the religious sphere compromises were made, and in this co-existence each community preserved its individuality. The final section then considers roles played by eastern Christians in the contacts between Europeans and Mongols. Si les origines de la croisade retiennent l'attention, son évolution mérite elle aussi intérêt. La conception de la croisade, les modalités du financement, la forme d'indulgence, se sont modifiées; l'adoption du transport par bateau a nécessité la prise du contrôle de la mer. Les affrontements avec les Musulmans ont provoqueé des contacts, ainsi pour règler le sort des prisonniers; on a cheché des solutions pacifiques au conflit. Dans leurs possessions orientales, les Francs ont adapté le régime seigneurial aux conditions locales et, tout en gardant intacte leur structure féodale, réservé, surtout dans les montagnes, leur place aux chefs indigènes, Les contacts de civilisation sont réels, mais chaque communauté garde some individualité. Il en est de même dans le domaine religieux, où il a fallu adopter des compromis pout permettre une réelle coexistence. Et finalement les chrétiens orientaux ont été les agents du rapprochement entre Francs and Mongols.
Author: Thomas Heebøll-Holm
Publisher: Campus Verlag
ISBN: 3593509792
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
In der Geschichte des Seehandels unterscheidet man traditionell zwischen erlaubtem Handel und illegalen Praktiken. Doch was wir heute als "unerlaubt" ansehen, wurde bis zur Durchsetzung des souveränen Staates oft als legitim wahrgenommen, weil es innerhalb der Spielregeln des Wirtschaftslebens erfolgte. Je nachdem, wie gut ein Akteur seine Vorstellung durchsetzen konnte, wurde er als Pirat, Schmuggler, Kaufmann oder Admiral wahrgenommen.
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 9004428879
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
This book investigates perceptions, modes, and techniques of Venetian rule in the early modern Eastern Mediterranean (1400–1700). Against the backdrop of the controversial notion of the Venetian realm as a colonial empire, essays from a range of specialists examine how Venice negotiated control over the territories, resources, and traditions of different empires (Byzantine, Roman, Mamluk, Ottoman) while developing its own claims of authority. Focusing in particular on questions of belonging and status in the Venetian overseas territories, the volume incorporates observations on the daily realities of Venetian rule: how did Venice negotiate claims of authority in light of former and ongoing imperial belongings? What was the status of colonial subjects and ships in the metropolis and in foreign territories? In what ways did Venice accept and continue old forms of imperial belonging? Did subordinate entities join in a shared communal identity? The volume opens new perspectives on Venetian rule at the crossroads of empire and early modern statehood: a polity negotiating and entangling empire. Contributors are Housni Alkhateeb Shehada, Georg Christ, Giacomo Corazzol, Nicholas Davidson, Renard Gluzman, Deborah Howard, David Jacoby (z’’l), Marianna Kolyvà, Franz-Julius Morche, Reinhold C. Mueller, Monique O’Connell, Gerassimos D. Pagratis, Tassos Papacostas, Maria Pia Pedani (†), Dorit Raines, and E. Natalie Rothman.
Author: James D. Ryan
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351881604
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
During the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries religious zeal nourished by the mendicants’ sense of purpose motivated Dominican and Franciscan friars to venture far beyond Europe’s cultural frontiers to spread their Christian faith into the farthest reaches of Asia. Their incredible journeys were reminiscent of heroic missionary ventures in earlier eras and far more exotic than evangelization during the tenth through twelfth centuries, when the western church Christianized Eastern Europe and Scandinavia. This new mission effort was stimulated by a variety of factors and facilitated by the establishment of the Mongol Empire, and, as the fourteenth century dawned, missionaries entertained fervent but vain hopes of success within khanates in China, Central Asia, Persia and Kipchak. The reports these missionaries sent back to Europe have fascinated successive generations of historians who analyzed their travels and struggled to understand their motives and aspirations. The essays selected for this volume, drawn from a range of twentieth-century historians and contextualized in the introduction, provide a comprehensive overview of missionary efforts in Asia, and of the developments in the secular world that both made them possible and encouraged the missionaries’ hopes for success. Three of the studies have been translated from French specially for publication in this volume.
Author: John Critchley
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1351919970
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Marco Polo and his book may seem to have been well served by scholars, yet the majority have been concerned to write about his travels in Asia, what he did or did not see, and how useful he is as a source on the East. John Critchley’s subject, on the other hand, is the text of Polo’s book itself and the political and ideological context - the crusades, the Mongol missions, the French presence in Italy - in which it was put together by its author(s), and read by its audience. The homogeneity of the ’original’ Franco-Italian text and the accepted relationship between this text and the Latin recensions is tested by computer analysis. An examination of vocabulary and other textual features draws out the different attitudes and contributions of Polo himself and his various editors and translators. Critchley’s book will be of interest not only to those concerned with the history of later medieval Europe but also to specialists in medieval Asia, who will find it useful to know about the background and composition of so famous and frequently cited a work. On pourrait penser que Marco Polo et son livre ont été amplement débattus par les spécialistes en la matière, cependant la majorité a surtout écrit à propos de ses voyages en Asie, ce qu’il avait ou n’avait pas vu et sur son utilité en tant que source de références sur l’Orient. Le sujet traité par John Critchley par contre, est le texte même du livre de Polo, ainsi que le contexte politique et ideologique - les croisades, les missions mongoles, la présence française en Italie - dans lequel il a été composé par son ou ses auteurs et dans lequel ses lecteurs ont pu le lire. L’homogeneïté du texte franco-italien d’origine et le rapport accepté entre celui-ci et les révisions latines ont été analysés par ordinateur. Un examen du vocabulaire et d’autres caractéristiques littéraires fait transparaître les différences d’attitudes et de contributions entre Polo
Author: Nina G. Garsoïan
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000939030
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 297
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Book Description
This is the third collection of articles by Nina Garsoïan on Early Armenian history and civilization. A number of articles included here continue earlier investigations of Iranian and Byzantine political and, especially, doctrinal and social influences on Medieval Armenia, precariously wedged between the two super-powers of the period, Byzantium and Sasanian Persia. A second theme is the development of the autocephalous Armenian Church as it freed itself from foreign pressures and achieved its own dogmatic position. Last, several studies consider some inadequacies in some recent historiography and suggest a more promising redirection in our approach to Armenian history and the formation of its national identity.
Author: Bedros A. Tekeyan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Armenia
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Book Description
Author: Guide to Reprints, Incorporated
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780918086181
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 1032
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Book Description
Author: New York Public Library. Research Libraries
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Library catalogs
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Author: Dominique Iogna-Prat
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 9780801437083
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
Order and Exclusion is a rare and magnificent book of medieval history with clear relevance to today's headlines. Through the lens of the polemics of Peter the Venerable, abbot of Cluny, Dominique Iogna-Prat examines the process by which christianity transformed itself into Christendom, a powerful spiritual, social, and political system with pretensions to universality. Iogna-Prat's close examination of a set of writings central to the history of Catholicism resolves into a deeply troubling study of the origins of attitudes that continue to shape world events. Iogna-Prat writes that "versions of fundamentalism nourished by the soil of an often terrible common history" show that Christianity, Judaism, and Islam have all been capable of intolerance.Peter the Venerable's writings had a far-reaching impact: the powerful network of Clunaic houses expanded from the founding of the original monastery of Cluny to dominate Christendom by the twelfth century. This Christendom, Iogna-Prat demonstrates, defined itself in part through its increasingly bitter struggles against its perceived enemies both within and without. Peter the Venerable's all-pervasive logic pitted the "order" of the monastery and its hierarchical society against all those--heretics, Jews, Muslims, lepers--outside its bounds. In his proclamations against Jews and Muslims, Peter devised a Christian anthropology: in his view, to be non-Christian was to be non-human. The power of the Church came at a great and lasting price.
