Author: Petr Hanzlík
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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In this paper, we analyse a relationship between net interest margin (NIM) of EU banks and market interest rates in a low-interest rate environment. We contribute to the literature when examining a large sample of annual data on 629 banks from EU member countries during the 2011-2016 period, which also covers the period of zero and negative rates. We test three hypotheses and come to the three main conclusions. First, NIM eroded during the whole observed period for all types of investigated banks. Second, a higher market concentration, proxied by the Herfindahl index, leads to higher NIM. Finally, we show a positive concave relationship of NIM with short-term interest rate observed in previous studies, which supports the suspected non-linearity in situation of zero lower bound of interest rates. Contrary to other researchers, we find a negative relationship between NIM and the yield curve slope.
Author: Petr Hanzlik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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In this paper, we analyze the relationship between the net interest margin (NIM) of US and European banks and market interest rates in a low interest rate environment. We contribute to the literature by examining a large sample of annual data on 1,155 banks from United States and EU member countries during the 2011-2016 period, which also covers periods of zero and negative rates in many of the observed countries. We test three hypotheses and come to three main conclusions. First, NIM is significantly influenced by the different institutional designs of bank-based or capital-basaed finanfical markets. Second, there are differences in NIM caused by bank size, although these are not fully captured by our methodology. Finally, we show significant differences by bank type: saving banks, real estate and mortgage banks, and cooperative banks report consistently lower NIMs than commercial banks and bank holdings. Contrary to other researches, we observe a negative relationship between NIM and the yield curve slope.
Author: Andreas Jobst
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475524471
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
More than two years ago the European Central Bank (ECB) adopted a negative interest rate policy (NIRP) to achieve its price stability objective. Negative interest rates have so far supported easier financial conditions and contributed to a modest expansion in credit, demonstrating that the zero lower bound is less binding than previously thought. However, interest rate cuts also weigh on bank profitability. Substantial rate cuts may at some point outweigh the benefits from higher asset values and stronger aggregate demand. Further monetary accommodation may need to rely more on credit easing and an expansion of the ECB’s balance sheet rather than substantial additional reductions in the policy rate.
Author: Valentin Stockerl
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668906351
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,0, University of Frankfurt (Main), course: Inspecting the European Banking Sector, language: English, abstract: In the novel monetary environment of negative interest policy rates (NIPR) in the Euro area, it is questionable whether the existing findings on determinants of Net Interest Margins (NIM) still hold. This paper analyzes differences in the development of NIM across business models represented by a set of three indicators prior to and after the introduction of NIPR. The strategies are based on a binary categorization between high and low levels of the business indicators using a median, 67-33 and 80-20 percentile cut-off rule. I use a difference in differences (DiD) estimation approach, even though NIPR impact all banks’ NIM. Thus, the obtained estimates do not measure the impact of NIPR itself, but the DiD between strategies. I mostly find positive albeit insignificant effects on banks with low asset held for trading, high deposit and customer loan ratios. In contrast, the DiD coefficient for banks with high deposit-based financing using an 80-20 cut-off is -14 bp, which proves to be a highly significant and economically relevant. These findings support the notion that multiple channels are affecting banks’ NIM.
Author: Ms. Ruo Chen
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 45
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Slower passthrough of policy interest rate hikes to deposit rates relative to their loan rates has led to sharply wider bank net interest margins. Combined with resilient asset quality, wider net interest margins supported record profits for European banks in 2023. Drawing on historical data from the balance sheets and income statements of over 2,500 European banks, this paper shows that abnormally high profits are expected to fade soon as interest income will decline, once policy rates start being lowered, while higher impairment costs historically have weighed on profits with a lag. Moreover, a number of structural factors that have eroded the performance of European banks in the past two decades have largely remained unaddressed and will continue being a drag on profits and capital. Therefore, policymakers should encourage banks to preserve capital buffers and build resilience to future shocks, while exercising caution when considering taxes on profits or other measures that could divert potential sources of capital from banks.
Author: Luís Brandão Marques
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513570080
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
This paper focuses on negative interest rate policies and covers a broad range of its effects, with a detailed discussion of findings in the academic literature and of broader country experiences.
Author: Mr.Gee Hee Hong
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 148436161X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 50
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Book Description
In this paper, we investigate how negative interest rate policy (NIRP) introduced in January 2016 by the Bank of Japan (BoJ) affected Japanese banks' lending and risk taking behavior. The BoJ's announcement was an unexpected surprise to the market and was followed by a sharp drop in equity prices of Japanese financial firms. We exploit the cross-sectional variation in the change of share prices on the day of the announcement to measure banks' differential exposure to NIRP. We show that more exposed banks increased their credit and took on more risk compared to banks that were less exposed to negative rates.
Author: Oliver Entrop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 56
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Book Description
This paper explores the extent to which interest risk exposure is priced in bank margins. Our contribution to the literature is twofold: First, we present an extended model of Ho and Saunders (1981) that explicitly captures interest rate risk and returns from maturity transformation. Banks price interest risk according to their individual exposure separately in loan and deposit rates, but reduce these charges when they expect returns from maturity transformation. Second, using a comprehensive dataset covering the German universal banks between 2000 and 2009, we test the model-implied hypotheses not only for the commonly investigated net interest income, but additionally for interest income and expenses separately. Controlling for earnings from bank-individual maturity transformation strategies, we find all banks to charge additional fees for macroeconomic interest volatility exposure. Microeconomic on-balance interest risk exposure from maturity transformation, however, only affects the smaller savings and cooperative banks, but not private commercial banks. Returns are only priced in income margins.
Author: Bengt Holmstrom
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262518538
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
Two leading economists develop a theory explaining the demand for and supply of liquid assets. Why do financial institutions, industrial companies, and households hold low-yielding money balances, Treasury bills, and other liquid assets? When and to what extent can the state and international financial markets make up for a shortage of liquid assets, allowing agents to save and share risk more effectively? These questions are at the center of all financial crises, including the current global one. In Inside and Outside Liquidity, leading economists Bengt Holmström and Jean Tirole offer an original, unified perspective on these questions. In a slight, but important, departure from the standard theory of finance, they show how imperfect pledgeability of corporate income leads to a demand for as well as a shortage of liquidity with interesting implications for the pricing of assets, investment decisions, and liquidity management. The government has an active role to play in improving risk-sharing between consumers with limited commitment power and firms dealing with the high costs of potential liquidity shortages. In this perspective, private risk-sharing is always imperfect and may lead to financial crises that can be alleviated through government interventions.
Author: Selim Elekdag
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513516140
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 38
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Book Description
This paper explores the determinants of profitability across large euro area banks using a novel approach based on conditional profitability distributions. Real GDP growth and the NPL ratio are shown to be the most reliable determinants of bank profitability. However, the estimated conditional distributions reveal that, while higher growth would raise profits on average, a large swath of banks would most likely continue to struggle even amid a strong economic recovery. Therefore, for some banks, a determined reduction in NPLs combined with cost efficiency improvements and customized changes to their business models appears to be the most promising strategy for durably raising profitability.
