Author: Ashley Renee Wilkinson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Get Book Here
Book Description
"The effect of microgravity on crystallization experiments has been a topic of interest over the past fifty years. The first microgravity crystallization experiments have been dated back to the early 1970s, and since then hundreds of crystals have been grown in microgravity. Crystallization experiments have been conducted on multiple flights and a variety of spacecraft, using an assortment of techniques, and funded by several different countries. Scientists have been and continue to examine how macromolecular crystals grow in microgravity and how the structures determined from crystals grown in microgravity compare to the structures determined from Earth grown crystals. Parameters such as size, uniformity, mosaicity and resolution limit can give the scientists insight into whether or not there are marked improvements in crystals. The ability to grow high quality crystals can lead to many developments in the electronics, healthcare and pharmaceuticals, and metal industries along with a variety of areas of research. This study is an analysis of publicly available data on organic macromolecular crystals grown by diffusion techniques over a thirty-one year period of time (1988-2019). The hypothesis is that experimental techniques and experience in microgravity crystallization have provided improved crystal growth throughout the analysis time period"--Leaf 3.
Author: Ödön Lendvay
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 40
Get Book Here
Book Description
The simplest technical method for producing crystals of poorly soluble materials is diffusion growth. Through Diffusion growth nucleation processes may be limited or extended to chosen extent. The location and time of initiation for nucleation are directly calculable if the critical supersaturation or solubility product is known. The modification of nucleation time, duration, speed, time expansion, or contraction of extent may be achieved by simple methods. By the selection of experimental conditions different size distribution crystalline precipitates or macrocrystals may be produced. The latter may reach 1 cm size if system parameters are chosen correctly. The maximum dimensions of crystals produced are determined by the relationship of speed, nucleation, and growth. Largest dimensions through growth are usually exhibited by dendrites, twins, plain crystals, and needles. The so-called space crystals (where all three dimensions of the crystal are nearly equal) are generally smaller than the previous ones. The method has increased importance in cases where usual crystal growth methods may not be employed due ot the characteristics of the crystal to be produced.
Author: Govindhan Dhanaraj
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783662518144
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1818
Get Book Here
Book Description
Over the years, many successful attempts have been chapters in this part describe the well-known processes made to describe the art and science of crystal growth, such as Czochralski, Kyropoulos, Bridgman, and o- and many review articles, monographs, symposium v- ing zone, and focus speci cally on recent advances in umes, and handbooks have been published to present improving these methodologies such as application of comprehensive reviews of the advances made in this magnetic elds, orientation of the growth axis, intro- eld. These publications are testament to the grow- duction of a pedestal, and shaped growth. They also ing interest in both bulk and thin- lm crystals because cover a wide range of materials from silicon and III–V of their electronic, optical, mechanical, microstructural, compounds to oxides and uorides. and other properties, and their diverse scienti c and The third part, Part C of the book, focuses on - technological applications. Indeed, most modern ad- lution growth. The various aspects of hydrothermal vances in semiconductor and optical devices would growth are discussed in two chapters, while three other not have been possible without the development of chapters present an overview of the nonlinear and laser many elemental, binary, ternary, and other compound crystals, KTP and KDP. The knowledge on the effect of crystals of varying properties and large sizes. The gravity on solution growth is presented through a c- literature devoted to basic understanding of growth parison of growth on Earth versus in a microgravity mechanisms, defect formation, and growth processes environment.
Author: Nobuo Niimura
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199578869
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Get Book Here
Book Description
One of the first books dedicated to the emerging field of neutron protein crystallography (NPC). It covers all of the practical aspects of NPC and demonstrates how NPC can explore protein features such as hydrogen bonds, protonation and deprotonation of amino acid residues, and hydration structures.
Author: Sadik Dost
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788178952611
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Get Book Here
Book Description
In crystal growth from the liquid phase, convective flows occurring in the melt or solution play a significant role in many aspects of the growth processes. This includes concentration distribution in the liquid phase, crystal composition, microstructures in the grown crystals, and the shape and evolution of the melting/growing interfaces. All these parameters affect the quality of grown crystals. To this end, convection in the liquid phase must be controlled. The main option to achieve this goal in crystal growth is the use of applied fields such as magnetic and electric fields, crucible rotation, and a microgravity environment. The use of microgravity fields was covered in one of the previous volumes of Research Signpost. The present volume mainly focuses on the melt and solution growth of semiconductors under the effects of applied electric and magnetic fields and crucible rotation. The book consists of two main groups of chapters. The first group is on the melt growth techniques of Czhochralski and Float-zone, and the second part focuses on the solution growth techniques of Liquid Phase Electroepitaxy, Liquid Phase Diffusion and the Travelling Heater Method. In each group, chapters are presented in the alphabetical order with respect to the first author. The contributed chapters cover recent developments in these techniques under applied fields such as applied magnetic and electric fields, crucible rotation and reduced gravity conditions. We hope that this review book will serve to researchers and graduate students in these fields as a valuable source in conducting their research. We would like to express our deepest appreciation to the contributors for their excellent contributions, and the time and effort put into these chapters. We would also like to thank the Transworld Research Network for providing this opportunity for us to disseminate our recent findings in this important field of research. Finally our thanks go to Sema Dost for her organizational help in the preparation of the volume.
Author: Kiyotaka Satō
Publisher: Elsevier Science Limited
ISBN: 0444507477
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 419
Get Book Here
Book Description
The aim of this book is to provide a timely collection that highlights advances in current research of crystal growth ranging from fundamental aspects to current applications involving a wide range of materials. This book is published on the basis of lecture texts of the 11th International Summer School on Crystal Growth (ISSCG-11) to be held at Doshisha Retreat Center in Shiga Prefecture Japan, on July 24-29, 2001. This school is always associated with the International Conference of Crystal Growth (ICCG) series that have been held every three years since 1973; thus this school continues the tradition of the past 10 schools of crystal growth.
Author: C. H. L. Goodman
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781475712735
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 312
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 974
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Yasuhiro Hayakawa
Publisher:
ISBN: 9788130800257
Category : Crystal growth
Languages : en
Pages : 186
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 456
Get Book Here
Book Description
Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
