Investigation of Fuel Composition Effects on a Natural Gas Fueled Spark-ignited Engine PDF Download
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Author: Sivasubramanian Thiagarajan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Author: Sivasubramanian Thiagarajan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Author: Michael S. Graboski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gas as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 26
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Book Description
The purpose of this test program was to determine the effect of natural gas composition on regulated emissions and performance of a Cummins B5.9G engine. This engine is a lean-burn, closed loop control, spark ignited, dedicated natural gas engine. Testing was conducted at 5,280 ft above sea level. This engine was thought to represent the state-of-the-art in production lean-burn natural gas engine technology at the time the test program was initiated. Five different natural gas fuels were evaluated. Methane content ranged from 76.9 to 90.3% and inerts content from 3.6 to 17.3%. The engine was found to operate well on all gases and net BTU based fuel economy was not effected by gas composition. CO and PM emissions were unaffected by gas composition. NOX emissions were also unaffected. THC emissions trended downwards with increasing fuel heating value but no such trend was observed for NMHC. Emissions from this engine were below all current or proposed standards for heavy duty engines on all fuels tested.
Author: Tatsuo Sakonji
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Natural gas
Languages : en
Pages : 9
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Book Description
Author: Ralph David Fleming
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 76
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Book Description
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309216389
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 373
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Book Description
Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Author: J. Blaszczyk
Publisher: [Montréal] : The Centre, Policy and Coordination
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
The main goal of this study was to obtain a detailed comparison of engine performance and exhaust emissions from a spark-ignitionengine fuelled by natural gas and by gasoline. The test facility consists of a Ricardo Hydra, four-stroke single-cylinder spark-ignitiion research engine, 450 cc swept volume. The results presented in this study were obtained over a wide range of engine speeds, loads and air-fuel ations under steady-state operating conditions. The data were acquired with use of the standard Ricardo bathtub combustion chamber and flat piston for both fuels at the compression ration of 8.25:1. The engine speeds selected for testing were 1000, 2000 and 3000 rpm. The relative air-fuel rations ranged from 1.00 at 0.10 increment to the lean limit of combustion. Each fuel was tested at wide-open throttle (WOT), and part-load (65% full-load and 35% full load) conditions, and at MBT (Minimum Spark Advance for Best torque) timing. The general conclusion is that the emission levels are lower (5 to 50%) for natural gas than those for gasoline. The performance parameters, such as efficiency and specific fuel consumption, also favour natural gas, particularly at lean air-fuel rations. A further improvement in natural gas engine performance and emissions is possible through faster burn combustion chambers development, higher compression ratios and multiple-spark ignition systems application.
Author: Joel D. Hiltner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780768011661
Category : Diesel motor
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author: Stephen Dane Christensen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Natural gas
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
Engine emissions are a topic of increasing concern, and natural gas is now considered an increasingly viable clean fuel. The composition of natural gas can vary significantly and; therefore, it is necessary to understand how emissions of natural gas engines change with changes in fuel composition. In this investigation, emissions of a 2.4L spark-ignited engine are studied as a function of fuel composition. The input fuel mass contains nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and propane. These constituents were varied in increments of five percent mass from zero to twenty percent. A test grid was chosen which allows the effect of diluent ratio, speed, and load on emissions to be isolated. Additionally, a limited burn rate analysis is presented. The composition of the engine exhaust was analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR. The total uncertainty in the error calculation for the emission species of interest was 5. All analyses are concerned with emissions of CO, NOx, UHC, CH 4 , and CH2O. Each diluent was found to have an effect on emissions formation most extensively through manipulation of in cylinder temperature and secondarily through disassociation and other effects. Inert diluents carbon dioxide and nitrogen reduced combustion temperature while propane had the opposite effect. Inert diluents slowed the fuel burn rate while the reactive diluent studied, propane, increased it.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
This is part two of two volumes detailing the results of a program designed to develop a combustion system for low-emission natural gas engines. It focuses on the design and investigation of a fast-burn combustion chamber. It is known that the level of turbulence in the chamber just prior to ignition and during combustion has an important impact on the burning rate of the air-fuel mixture. The level of turbulence in the chamber can be influenced by the chamber design through the degree of swirl imparted to the mixture during the intake process and by the squish motion generated as the piston nears the top dead centre. The volume describes research conducted to determine experimentally the relationship between the intake and compression generated charge motions of squish and swirl on engine performance and emissions. The work included design and construction of a variable swirl intake port and a swirl meter, wide-open throttle testing of squish and swirl combinations, and part load testing at constant volumetric flow rates. An optimum squish-swirl operating condition was determined.
