Author: Katarzyna Otulak-KoziełPublisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832556566
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
Biotic stress can increase or reduce a plant's susceptibility to specific pathogens. A wide range of plant pathogens, i.e., viruses, bacteria, and fungi causing diseases, modulate different elements of plant defense mechanisms responses that influence disease and the physiological state of host plants. Nevertheless, plant hosts are not static and defenseless. Plants have developed active and dynamic complex defense mechanisms to protect themselves against different pathogenic stressors. Plants' defense mechanisms consist of multi-elements and can be determined by pre-formed, natural barriers or inducible defense responses directly activated upon detection of a pathogen. The inducible response is defined as ‘basal resistance’ or ‘innate immunity’ and is regulated by signal transduction and transcriptional networks. Moreover, plant responses to pathogens are finely tuned and complex at the immune receptor, cellular, proteome, epigenetic, and transcriptome levels. We can tell that a sophisticated molecular ‘arms race’ is taking place in the biological co-evolution of plant-pathogen interactions especially in developing novel elements involved in this interaction. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the broad spectrum and underlying elements of defense mechanisms in the interactions between plants and their pathogenic enemies will improve plant resistance to pathogens.
